Ling Yuou-ruen[1]; C. J. Humphries[2], Leila Shultz[3]
Herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs, usually strongly and pleasantly aromatic, densely tomentose, pubescent, glandular, viscid, or glabrescent. Leaves pinnate, rarely palmately divided or entire. Capitula globose, ovoid, or ellipsoid, in paniculate, spicate, racemose, or +/- corymbose inflorescences; involucral bracts in 3 or 4 series, scarious or herbaceous with scarious margins; receptacle convex or flat, naked or pubescent. Marginal florets pistillate, 3--10 or more, in 1(or 2) series; corolla tubular, rarely vasiform, cupular, or conical, 2(--4)-toothed; style exserted, apex acute. Central florets bisexual, several to numerous, in 2 or more series; corolla tubular, 5-toothed; anthers with an acute triangular apical appendage and 2 obtuse basal appendages; style ca. as long as or longer than corolla, divergent, and with a truncate or folding and pedicellate apex, or sometimes shorter than corolla, not divergent, and with a clavate or funnelform apex. Achenes obovoid, ovoid, or oblong, faintly striate; pappus absent or as a minute crown.
Approximately 380 species mainly in the northern hemisphere, but also in Africa, Australia, Central and South America; 187 species and 46 varieties occur in China.
Many species are rich in polyacetylenes, flavonoids, terpenoids, and cyanogenic glycosides and are well-known medicinal plants. Some are used to stabilize sand in desert or semidesert areas or as herbage for feeding livestock.
Ling Yeou-Ruenn. 1992. Compositae - Anthemideae (2). In: Ling Young & Ling Yeou-ruenn, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 76(2): 1--321.
??Artemisia deversa Diels - in Fl. Hubeiensis 4: 113.
1a. Disk florets sterile; style shorter than corolla, usually not divergent, 2-cleft, with clavate or funnelform apex.
2a. Lobules of leaf blade filiform, narrowly linear, lanceolate, or subulate and less than 1.5 mm wide, or pectinate and 1--2.5 X 1--2.5 mm, or leaf blade lanceolate or linear-lanceolate; ovaries of disk florets usually minute ................................................................................ 6. Sect. Dracunculus
2b. Lobules of leaf blade broadly linear to lanceolate or elliptic, more than (1--)1.5 mm wide, or leaf blade spatulate or obovate; ovaries of disk florets usually absent ................... 7. Sect. Latilobus
1b. Disk florets fertile; style ca. as long as or longer than corolla, branches divergent, recurved at apex.
3a. Receptacle pubescent or chaffy, sometimes hairs deciduous; corolla of pistillate florets usually vasiform or narrowly conical, (2--)4-toothed ..................................................... 1. Sect. Absinthium
3b. Receptacle glabrous; corolla of pistillate florets narrowly tubular or rarely narrowly conical, 2- or 3-toothed or without teeth.
4a. Involucral bracts scarious throughout, glabrescent, midvein not green 5. Sect. Albibractea
4a. Involucral bracts scarious only at margin, midvein green.
5b. Plant glandular or viscid pubescent ............................................ 4. Sect. Viscidipubes
5b. Plant not glandular or viscid, puberulent or glabrescent.
6a. Capitula globose, rarely ovoid; lobules of leaf blade less than 1(--1.5) mm wide, if wider then pectinate .................................................................................. 2. Sect. Abrotanum
6b. Capitula ellipsoid or oblong, rarely subglobose, campanulate, or semiglobose; lobules of leaf blade more than (1.5--)2 mm wide ....................................................... 3. Sect. Artemisia
Absinthium Tournefort ex Linnaeus, Syst. Ed. I. 1735; Absynthium Gaertner; Artemisia Subgen. Absinthium (Gaertner, Meyer & Scherbius) Lessing.
Plants tomentose or puberulent, rarely arachnoid. Leaves 1--3--pinnatisect; lobes or lobules linear or filiform, serrate. Capitula globose or subglobose; involucral bracts scarious at margin; receptacle pubescent or chaffy, or hairs deciduous. Disk florets usually (50--)80--100 or more; style ca. as long as or longer than corolla. Corolla of pistillate florets vasiform or narrowly conical, (2--)4-toothed.
Northern hemisphere, few in Africa, Central and South America. 23 species and five varieties occur in China. Most species contain monoterpenoids.
1a. Annual or biennial herb; main root solitary, vertical, +/- fusiform; basal leaves (including petiole) less than 8 cm.
2a. Proximal cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, segments pectinate, glandular apically, middle segments pinnatifid or entire ......................................................................... 22. A. succulentoides
2b. Proximal cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect, middle segments 1---3-pinnatisect, segments not pectinate, not glandular apically.
3a. Capitula globose or semiglobose, more than 4 mm in diam.
4a. Capitula in racemose or narrow racemose-paniculate inflorescences; middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect, lobules filiform, 0.5--1 mm wide ............................... 1. A. macrocephala
4b. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences; middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect or -partite, lobules linear or linear-lanceolate, rarely lacerate, 1--1.5(--2) mm wide 2. A. sieversiana
3b. Capitula ellipsoid-conical, semiglobose, subglobose or broadly ovoid, 1.5--3(--4) mm in diam.
5a. Middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect, with (1- or)2 or 3 pairs of segments, lobules filiform or hairlike, 2--5 mm; capitula 1.5--2(--2.5) mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely pubescent 21. A. anethoides
5b. Middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect, with 2--4 pairs of segments, lobules linear, narrowly linear or filiform, 4--15 mm; capitula 2--4 mm in diam.; involucral bracts minutely tomentose, puberulent, or +/- glabrescent.
6a. Capitula ellipsoid or conical, (2--)3(--4) mm in diam., involucral bracts minutely tomentose, +/- glabrescent ......................................................................................... 19. A. nakaii
6b. Capitula semiglobose or broadly ovoid, 2--3(--4) mm in diam., involucral bracts slightly puberulent or +/- glabrescent ........................................................................ 20. A. anethifolia
1b. Perennial herb, subshrub, or shrub; roots several, not fusiform (if biennials with a solitary fusiform root, then basal leaves 11--18 cm); basal leaves usually more than 8 cm.
7a. Leaf blade spatulate to lanceolate, apex entire or 3--5-cleft; inflorescences racemose or racemose-paniculate ........................................................................................ 12. A. lagocephala
7b. Leaves not as above; inflorescences racemose, spicate, or paniculate.
8a. Capitula (4--)5--8 mm in diam., in narrowly paniculate inflorescences; perennial herbs or subshrubs.
9a. Plant densely yellowish to yellow sericeous-tomentose; corolla with multicellular hairs; basal leaves 5--10 cm, with 7--13 pairs of lateral segments ....................................... 17. A. stracheyi
9b. Plant pubescent or glabrescent; corolla glabrous; basal leaves less than 5 cm, with 3--7 pairs of lateral segments, or leaves 3-cleft.
10a. Middle cauline leaves more than 1.5 cm, 2-pinnatisect, densely yellowish or white sericeous tomentulose; middle lobes 1.5--4 mm wide.
11a. Plant 40--60(--75) cm; middle cauline leaves elliptic or ovate; involucral bracts with narrow white scarious margins ............................................................................... 3. A. sericea
11b. Plant 20--40(--50) cm; middle cauline leaves suborbicular or orbicular-reniform; involucral bracts with wide brown scarious margins .......................................... 4. A. aschurbajewii
10b. Middle cauline leaves 0.8--1.5 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect or -pinnatipartite, or segments divided or serrate; tomentose, pubescent, or glabrescent; middle lobe less than 1 mm wide.
12a. Middle cauline leaves 1(or 2)-pinnatipartite, pubescent, later glabrescent, greenish, flat dotted abaxially; involucral bracts glabrescent, with black scarious margins 13. A. disjuncta
12b. Middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect or segments parted, densely incanous or yellowish tomentose, or glabrescent, not dotted; involucral bracts pubescent or glabrescent, with white scarious margins.
13a. Middle cauline leaves with 5--7 pairs of segments, distal lobes pinnatisect or 3-lobulate, proximally not lobed, pubescent, glabrescent; involucral bracts pubescent 8. A. rupestris
13b. Middle cauline leaves with 2--4(or 5) pairs of segments, segments parted or lobulate; leaves and involucral bracts yellowish sericeous tomentose or pubescent or glabrescent.
14a. Stems longer than 20 cm; leaf segments with only distal elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate lobules; corolla limb puberulent ........................................................ 7. A. argyrophylla
14b. Stems shorter than 20 cm; leaf segments with minute or lacerate lobules; corolla limb glabrous.
15a. Caespitose dwarf subshrub; middle cauline leaves with 2(or 3) pairs of segments, 3--5-lobulate, lobules 1--2 X 0.5--1 mm; leaves and involucral bracts densely yellowish or incanous tomentose ................................................................................. 15. A. minor
15b. Perennial herb; middle cauline leaves with (3 or)4(or 5) pairs of segments, segments serrate or with lobules 2--8 X 0.6--1 mm, pubescent, soon glabrescent; involucral bracts with brown scarious margins, glabrescent ..................................... 14. A. niitakayamensis
8b. Capitula 2--3(--5) mm in diam., in somewhat wide paniculate and or racemose inflorescences; subshrubs or shrubs.
16a. Middle cauline leaves 6--9 cm, 2-pinnatisect, lobules (8--)10--25 X (2--)3--5 mm, yellowish or sericeous incanous pubescent; capitula in wide paniculate inflorescences 5. A. absinthium
16b. Middle cauline leaves less than 6 cm, 1(--3)-pinnatisect or twice deeply 3-lobed, lobules less than 12 X 2 mm, pubescent or glabrescent; capitula in racemose, paniculate, or spicate inflorescences.
17a. Subshrub or shrub, with a thick woody rootstock; basal leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect with 3--5 pairs of segments, lobules minute.
18a. Rhizome ca. 1 cm or more in diam.; plants arachnoid-puberulent, glabrescent; middle cauline leaves with 3--5 pairs of segments ............................................................. 23. A. persica
18b. Rhizome 2--5 cm in diam.; plants densely pubescent, stem glabrescent near base; middle cauline leaves with 2 or 3 pairs of segments.
19a. Corolla limb yellow, pubescent; middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect, with 2 or 3 pairs of segments, lobules narrowly spatulate, linear, obtuse, or linear-oblanceolate; plants densely incanous or yellowish and sericeous ........................................................... 9. A. xerophytica
19b. Corolla limb purple, glabrous; middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, with 2 or 3 pairs of segments, lobules lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, acute; plants incanous or yellowish tomentose ....................................................................................... 16. A. younghusbandii
17b. Perennial herb, with a thin rootstock, or biennials with a thick rootstock; basal leaves 3(or 4)-pinnatisect, lobules 1.5--3 cm.
20a. Basal leaves 11--18 cm, 3(or 4)-pinnatisect, lobules (1--)1.5--3 cm; capitula ovoid or obovoid-obconical, in paniculate inflorescences .............................................. 18. A. fauriei
20b. Basal leaves less than 2 cm, 2(or 3)-pinnately sectioned, lobules less than 1.2 cm; capitula semi-globose, subglobose or ovoid, in racemose, spicate or paniculate inflorescences.
21a. Plant pubescent, glabrescent; middle cauline leaves panduratisect, dotted 11. A. obtusiloba
21b. Plant densely sericeous or tomentose, yellowish or incanous; leaves not pandurate lobed, not dotted.
22a. Middle cauline leaves suborbicular or reniform, 5--20 X 8--28 mm, 2-pinnatisect or 2-ternately lobed; lobules 6--12 X 1--1.5 mm ............................................ 10. A. rutifolia
22b. Middle cauline leaves oblong or obovate-oblong, 5--7 X 5--7 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; lobules 2--3 X 0.5--1 mm ........................................................................ 6. A. frigida
Artemisia griffithiana Boissier; A. sieversiana Ehrhart ex Willdenow var. pygmaea Krylov.
Herbs annual, 10--30(--50) cm tall, incanous puberulent or pubescent. Stems occasionally +/- woody at base, usually not branched or only shortly branched. Petioles of basal and middle cauline leaves 5--12 mm; leaf blades ovate, 2--4 X 1--1.5 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs, basal and middle segments 3--5-sect; lobules narrowly linear or filiform, 1--4 X 0.5--1 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3-lobed or entire, they or lobes linear, sessile. Capitula in lax racemose or narrow racemose-paniculate inflorescences, subglobose, 5--10(--15) mm in diam., nodding, shortly pedicellate; receptacle semiglobose, densely pubescent. Pistillate florets in 1 or 2 series, 40--70; corolla vasiform or narrowly conical, (2--)4-toothed. Bisexual flowers 80--100. Achenes ovoid or obovoid-ellipsoid, with a small apical crown or not. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 18, 36.
Steppe, hills, waste areas, dry places, saline or gravelly soils; 1500--5500 m. Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Xizang [Afghanistan, India, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan; SW Asia].
Absinthium sieversianum (Ehrhart ex Willdenow) Besser; Artemisia chrysolepis Kitagawa; A. koreana Nakai; A. moxa de Candolle; A. sieversiana var. blinii H. Léveillé; A. sieversiana var. grandis Pampanini; A. sieversiana var. koreana (Nakai) W. Wang & C. Y. Li; A. sparsa Kitagawa.
Herbs annual or biennial, 50--150 cm tall, incanous pubescent or glabrescent. Petioles of basal and middle cauline leaves (1--)2--4 cm; leaf blades broadly ovate or ovate-orbicular, 4--8(--13) X 3--6(--15) cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect or -partite, with 2 or 3 pairs of segments; lobules linear or linear-lanceolate, 2--10 X 1--1.5(--2) mm, rarely lacerate, apex acute or obtuse. Uppermost leaves and bracts pinnatisect or entire, they or lobes elliptic-lanceolate or lanceolate, sessile. Capitula usually in broad paniculate inflorescences, numerous, semiglobose or subglobose, (3--)4--6 mm in diam., pedicellate or +/- sessile, subtended by linear bracteoles; receptacle semiglobose, densely white pubescent. Pistillate florets in (1 or)2 series, 20--30; corolla conical, (2--)4-toothed. Bisexual florets in more than 2 series, 80--120. Achenes oblong, with minute apical crown or not. Fl. & fr. Jun-Oct. 2n = 18.
Roadsides, waste places, steppe, hillsides, forest margins; sea level to 4200 m. Gansu, N Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Hubei, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, E & W Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, W Yunnan [Afghanistan, India, Japan, Kazakstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; E Europe].
Essential oils are used as antiphlogistic and hemostatic medicines.
Absinthium sericeum Besser, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, n.s., 1(8): 237. 1829; A. grandiflorum Besser; A. nitens Steven ex Besser; Artemisia holosericea Ledebour; A. holosericea var. grandiflora Ledebour & var. parviflora Ledebour; A. sericea (Besser) Weber var. gmeliniana Besser; A. sericea var. ledebouriana Besser; A. sericea var. nitens (Steven) de Candolle; A. sericea var. pallasiana Besser; A. sericea var. parviflora de Candolle.
Subshrubs or perennial herbs, 40--60(--75) cm tall, incanous sericeous or stems glabrescent. Rhizomes thick, creeping. Stems solitary to several, usually not branched. Basal leaves deciduous at anthesis. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 5--8 mm; leaf blade elliptic or ovate, 3--5 X 2--4 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4(--6) pairs, distal lobes 3-lobulate or nearly palmatisect; lobules linear or linear-lanceolate, 10--17 X 1.5--2 mm, apex acute. Uppermost leaves and bracts pinnatisect or 3--5-sect. Capitula usually in racemose or narrow racemose-paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose, (4--)5--6(--9) mm in diam., nodding, shortly pedicellate; receptacle semiglobose, densely pubescent; involucral bracts with narrow white scarious margins. Pistillate florets 10--14; corolla narrowly conical or tubular, 2- or 3-toothed. Bisexual florets 40--80; corolla limb puberulent. Achenes ellipsoid or ellipsoid-ovoid, with apical crown or not. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 18.
Forest margins, hills, steppe, canyons, waste areas, 600--1600 m. Nei Mongol, Ningxia, N Xinjiang [India, Kazakstan, Mongolia, N Pakistan, Russia; E Europe].
Artemisia sericea (Besser) Weber var. turkestanica C. Winkler.
Herbs perennial, +/- caespitose, 20--40(--50) cm tall, puberulent. Stems several, usually not branched. Petioles of basal and middle cauline leaves 8--12 mm; leaf blades suborbicular or orbicular-reniform, 1--2.5(--3.5) X 1--2(--3) cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 3--5 pairs, 3-lobulate; lobules lanceolate, 5--10 X 2--4 mm, apex obtuse. Uppermost leaves and bracts 3-lobed; lobes linear or linear-lanceolate. Capitula usually in racemose inflorescences, compact near apex and lax near base, globose or subglobose, 5--7 mm in diam., nodding, shortly pedicellate; involucral bracts with wide brown scarious margins; receptacle semiglobose, densely pubescent. Pistillate florets 10--15; corolla narrowly conical or tubular, 2- or 3-toothed. Bisexual florets 40--60; corolla limb puberulent. Achenes ellipsoid, with minute apical crown or not. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 36.
Desert or subalpine steppe, rocky hills; 1200--3500 m. NW Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan].
Absinthium bipedale Gilibert; A. vulgare Lamarck.
Herbs perennial, 60--150 cm tall, incanous sericeous or puberulent. Stems 1--3, somewhat woody at base. Petiole of basal leaves 6--12 cm; leaf blade ovate-elliptic or ovate, 8--12 X 7--9 cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, pinnately lobed; lobules lanceolate-elliptic or -linear, 8--15 X 2--4(--7) mm, apex obtuse. Petiole of middle cauline 2--6 cm; leaf blade ovate or elliptic-ovate, 2-pinnatisect; lobules linear-lanceolate, (8--)10--25 X 2--3(--5) mm. Uppermost leaves 4--6 X 2--4 cm, pinnatisect or 5-lobed; leafy bracts 3-lobed or entire; lobes lanceolate or linear-lanceolate. Capitula usually in wide paniculate inflorescences, globose or subglobose, 2.5--3.5(--4) mm in diam., nodding, shortly pedicellate; receptacle semiglobose, densely pubescent. Pistillate florets 15--25. Bisexual florets 30--70(--90). Achenes oblong, with apical crown or not. Fl. & fr. Aug-Sep. 2n = 18.
Hillsides, steppe, scrub, forest margins; 1100--1500 m. Jiangsu, NW & W Xinjiang [Afghanistan, India, Japan, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Russia; N Africa, SW Asia, Europe, North America].
Used as an antiphlogistic and an antihelminthic.
Herbs perennial or occasionally subshrubs, (10--)30--60(--70) cm tall, densely yellowish or pale yellow sericeous, sometimes stems glabrescent near base. Stems several, woody at base, shortly branched or not. Petiole of lowermost cauline leaves 5--20 mm; leaf blade oblong or obovate-oblong, 8--15 X 8--15 mm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments (2--)4 pairs; lobules linear-lanceolate or lanceolate. Middle cauline leaves oblong or obovate-oblong, 5--7 X 5--7 mm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; lobules lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 2--3 X 0.5--1.5 mm. Uppermost leaves and bracts pinnately or 3--5-lobed. Capitula in spicate or narrow racemose-paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose, globose, or ovoid, (2--)2.5--3(--4.5) mm in diam.; receptacle densely white pubescent. Pistillate florets 8--13; corolla limb yellow or purple. Bisexual florets 20--30. Achenes oblong or ellipsoid-obovate, with a minute apical crown. Fl. & fr. Jun-Oct. 2n = 18, 36; (n = 9, 9+3b, 18, 18+2b, 36).
Steppe, subalpine meadows, dry hillsides, stable dunes, dry waste areas; 1000--4000 m. Gansu, Hebei, W Heilongjiang, N Hubei, W Jilin, W Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, N Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Xizang [Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, Tajikistan; SW Asia, E Europe].
1a. Stems 30--60 cm; capitula 2--3 mm in diam.; corolla limb yellow ................ 6a. var. frigida
1b. Stems 10--20 cm; capitula 3.5--4.5 mm in diam.; corolla limb purple 6b. var. atropurpurea
Absinthium frigidum (Willdenow) Besser var. fischerianum Besser; A. frigidum var. willenovianum Besser; Artemisia frigida Willdenow var. fischeriana (Besser) de Candolle; A. frigida var. mongolica Kitamura; A. frigida var. willdiana (Besser) de Candolle.
Stems 30--60(--70) cm. Capitula in racemose or spicate-paniculate inflorescences, globose or ovoid, 2--3 mm in diam. Corolla limb yellow.
Steppe, subalpine meadows, dry hillsides, stable dunes, dry waste areas; 1000--4000 m. Gansu, W Heilongjiang, N Hubei, W Jilin, W Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, N Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Xizang [Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, Tajikistan; SW Asia, E Europe].
??
Artemisia frigida f. atropurpurea (Pampanini) W. Wang & C. Y. Li.
Stems 10--18 cm. Capitula in spicate or rarely spicate-paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose, 3.5--4.5 mm in diam. Corolla limb purple.
* Dry hills; 2000--2600 m. Gansu, Ningxia, Xinjiang.
Herbs perennial or subshrubs, 30--50 cm tall, densely silvery or hoary pubescent. Stems +/- woody at base. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--10 mm; leaf blades obovate-elliptic or elliptic, 5--8 X 5--8 mm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs, distal lobes 2--4-lobulate; lobules elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 2--4 X 0.5--1.5 mm, apex obtuse. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect. Capitula in somewhat broad paniculate inflorescences, subglobose or subovoid-campanulate, 4--7 mm in diam., nodding, sessile or shortly pedicellate. Pistillate florets 5--10; corolla limb purple or yellow, white puberulent. Bisexual florets 20--40. Achenes oblong or obovoid-oblong, with apical crown or not. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct.
Steppe, dry areas, hills; up to 2000 m or at 2400 m. W Gansu, SW Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Xinjiang [Mongolia, Russia].
1a. Capitula sessile; corolla limb purple .................................................... 7a. var. argyrophylla
1b. Capitula pedicellate; corolla limb yellow ...................................................... 7b. var. brevis
Artemisia frigida Willdenow var. argyrophylla (Ledebour) Trautvetter.
Stems densely silvery to hoary pubescent. Capitula sessile. Corolla limb purple.
Steppe, dry areas; up to 2000 m. W Gansu, SW Nei Mongol, Ningxia, E Xinjiang [Mongolia, Russia].
Artemisia brevis Pampanini, Rend. Sem. Fac. Sci. Univ. Cagliari 8: 165. 1938.
Stems flexuous, ascending, shortly branched or not, puberulent or glabrescent. Capitula in narrow racemose-paniculate inflorescences, shortly pedicellate. Corolla limb yellow.
* Hills; ca. 2400 m. Xinjiang.
Absinthium rupestre (Linnaeus) Besser; A. rupestre var. oelandicum Besser, A. rupestre var. thuringiacum Besser; A. viride Besser; A. viridifolium Besser; Artemisia dentata Willdenow; A. rupestris Linnaeus var. oelandica (Besser) de Candolle; A. rupestris var. thuringiaca (Besser) de Candolle; A. rupestris var. viridifolia (Besser) de Candolle; A. rupestris var. viridis (Besser) de Candolle; A. viridifolia Sprengel; A. viridis Willdenow ex de Candolle.
Herbs perennial, usually caespitose, 20--50 cm tall, pubescent, glabrescent. Stems brown or dark brown, +/- woody at base, shortly branched or not. Leaves thin. Lowermost cauline leaves petiolate. Middle cauline leaves ovate-elliptic or oblong, 1.5--3(--5) X 1--2(--2.5) cm, pinnatisect; segments 5--7 pairs, pectinate, +/- clasping; lobules minute, linear-lanceolate or linear, 1--6 X 0.5--1.5 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect or 3-lobed. Capitula in spicate or narrow spicate-paniculate inflorescences, globose or subglobose, 4--7 mm in diam., nodding, pedicellate or sessile; involucral bracts pubescent, with scarious lacerate margins; receptacle semiglobose, pubescent. Pistillate florets 8--16; corolla vasiform or narrowly conical, 3- or 4-toothed. Bisexual florets 30--70. Achenes oblong or oblong-ovoid, usually with a minute apical crown. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 18, 34.
Dry hills, desert or semidesert steppe, grassy marshlands, dry river valleys, river beds, scrub, forest margins; 1100--2900 m. Xinjiang [Afghanistan, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, Tajikistan; E & N Europe].
Plants are used as antiphlogistic and hemostatic medicines.
Shrubs dwarf, caespitose, 30--40 cm tall, with thick woody roots, rootstocks, and branches, densely incanous or yellowish sericeous. Stems usually numerous, brown or brownish, tomentose, glabrescent at base. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 3--5 mm; leaf blade ovate or suborbicular, 10--15 X 4--6 mm, 2-pinnatisect, +/- leathery; segments 2 or 3 pairs, distal lobes 3--5-lobulate; lobules narrowly spatulate, linear, or linear-oblanceolate, 1--3 X 0.5--1.5 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect or 3--5-lobed, sessile. Capitula in paniculate inflorescences, subglobose, 3.5--4.5 mm in diam., shortly pedicellate; involucral bracts yellowish pubescent; receptacle pubescent. Pistillate florets 4--10. Bisexual florets 10--20; corolla limb puberulent. Achenes obovoid-oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Gobi, semidesert steppe, dunes; 1700--3500 m. N Gansu, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, N Qinghai, N Shaanxi, N Xinjiang [Mongolia].
Used for windbreaks and sand stabilization. Also an important herbage for livestock.
Subshrubs or shrubs, caespitose, 25--80 cm tall, strongly aromatic, silky puberulent, glabrescent, with woody roots, rootstocks, and branches. Stem branches 20--30 cm. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 3--10 mm; leaf blades suborbicular or reniform, 5--20 X 8--28 mm, 2-ternately lobed or nearly 2-palmatisect; segments 1 or 2 pairs; lobules long-elliptic-oblanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 6--12 X 1--1.5 mm, recurved or flat. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts palmatisect, 3-lobed, or entire. Capitula in racemose or narrow paniculate inflorescences, globose or subglobose, 3--9 mm in diam., nodding, pedicellate; receptacle with deciduous paleaceous hairs. Pistillate florets 5--10. Bisexual 12--15; corolla limb puberulent or glabrescent. Achenes ellipsoid-obovoid. Fl. & Fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 18.
Hills, dry river valleys, basins, steppe, semideserts, Gobi; 1300--5000 m. Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Xizang [Afghanistan, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan; SW Asia].
1a. Capitula 4--9 mm in diam. ............................................................. 10c. var. ruoqiangensis
1b. Capitula 3--4 mm in diam.
2a. Leaves reniform or semiorbicular, 10--20 mm, lobules recurved ............ 10a. var. rutifolia
2b. Leaves suborbicular, 5--10 mm, lobules flat ........................................... 10b. var. altaica
Artemisia falconeri C. B. Clarke; A. turczaninowiana Besser; A. turczaninowiana var. dasyantha Schrenk; A. turczaninowiana var. falconeri (C. B. Clarke) O. Fedtschenko.
Leaves reniform or semiorbicular, 1--2 cm; lobules recurved. Capitula 3--4 mm in diam.
Hills, dry river valleys, basins, steppe; 1300--5000 m. Qinghai, Xinjiang, Xizang [Afghanistan, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan; SW Asia].
Artemisia turczaninowiana Besser var. altaica Krylov, Fl. Altaica 3: 61. 1904.
Leaves suborbicular, 5--10 X 5--10 mm; lobules flat, strict. Capitula 3--4(--5) mm in diam.
Semideserts, Gobi. E & N Xinjiang [W Mongolia].
Leaves suborbicular, 5--10 X 5--10 mm; lobules recurved. Capitula 4--9 mm in diam.
* Semidesert steppe, Gobi; 3100--4200 m. E Xinjiang (Ruoqiang).
Herbs perennial, caespitose, 20--35 cm tall, purple or brown, densely incanous pubescent, glabrescent, with woody stocks and branches, shortly branched or not. Leaves and involucral bracts densely pubescent or later glabrescent; leaves usually glandular punctate. Middle cauline leaves sessile, oblong or broadly ovate, 6--20 X 5--15(--17) mm, 2-pinnatisect and panduratisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs, distal lobes falcate, usually 3--5-palmatisect; lobes or lobules minute, linear, linear-lanceolate, or elliptic-lanceolate, 1.5--3 X 0.5--1.5 mm, obtuse. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect or entire. Capitula in spicate or narrow spicate-paniculate inflorescences, globose or broadly ovoid, 2--3(--4) mm in diam., sessile; involucral bracts yellowish pubescent; receptacle pubescent. Pistillate florets 6--l2. Bisexual florets 20--30; corolla limb puberulous or glabrescent. Achenes ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Aug.
Dry hills, semidesert-steppe, roadsides, saline-alkali soils; 900--1700 m. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia (W Siberia)].
Absinthium lagocephalum Fischer ex Besser, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, n.s., 1(8): 233. 1829; Artemisia besseriana Ledebour; A. besseriana var. integrifolia Ledebour; A. besseriana var. triloba Ledebour; Artemisia chinensis Linnaeus, p.p.; A. kruhsiana Besser; A. lagocephala var. lithophila (Turczaninow ex De Candolle) Y. R. Ling??; A. stelleriana Komarov.
Subshrubs or herbs, caespitose, 40--80 cm tall, densely incanous or brownish pubescent, with woody stock, shortly branched. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves sessile, spatulate, elliptic-oblanceolate, or lanceolate, 30--60 X 3--10 mm, 3--5-crenately cleft or entire apically, cuneate basally. Distal leaves and leafy bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, apex obtuse or acute. Capitula in racemose or narrow racemose-paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose or subglobose, 4--6 mm in diam., pedicellate; receptacle semiglobose, pubescent. Pistillate florets 7--10; corolla 3(or 4)-toothed. Bisexual florets 30--80; corolla limb puberulous. Achenes ellipsoid or obovoid, occasionally with a minute apical crown. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 18.
Hills, rocky slopes, ridges, outer forest margins, roadsides, forest-steppe; low elevations to 1800 m. Heilongjiang, Jilin, E Nei Mongol [E Russia].
Herbs perennial, caespitose, 10--15 cm tall with woody stock, usually not branched. Petioles of basal and lowermost cauline leaves 2--3 cm, +/- clasping; leaf blades punctate abaxially. Basal leaves oblong or elliptic, 4--6 X 2--4 cm, 2--3-pinnatipartite or -sect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; rachis narrowly winged; lobes 2--3-partite; lobules elliptic-lanceolate or lanceolate, occasionally 1--3-serrate. Uppermost leaves oblong, 10--20 X 5--18 mm, 1(or 2)-pinnatipartite; leafy bracts minute, pinnatipartite or entire. Capitula in racemose inflorescences, subglobose, 5--8 mm in diam., nodding, pedicel 5--15 mm; involucral bracts glabrescent, with black scarious margins; receptacle convex, pubescent. Pistillate florets 8--l2. Bisexual florets 30--50; corolla limb puberulous. Achenes ovoid-ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Slopes or rocky hills; 1700--2700 m. E Xinjiang [W Mongolia].
Herbs perennial, 10--20 cm tall, puberulous or glabrescent, with +/- woody stock and branches. Petioles of basal and middle cauline leaves 5--10 mm; leaf blades ovate or obovate, 10--25 X 7--16 mm, 2-pinnatisect; segments (3 or)4(or 5) pairs, serrate or lobulate; lobules pectinate, 2--4 pairs, 2--8 X 0.6--1 mm. Uppermost and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect or -partite or entire, lobes or entire leaves lanceolate. Capitula in racemose inflorescences, semiglobose, 7--10 mm in diam., pedicels 0.5--2 cm; involucral bracts with brown lacerate scarious margins, glabrescent; receptacle convex, pubescent. Pistillate florets 10--18, (2 or)3- or 4-toothed. Bisexual florets 40--60. Achenes oblong or obovoid-oblong, obviously 3-striate. Fl. & fr. Aug-Sep.
* Mountains; 3000--3800 m. Taiwan.
Artemisia sieversiana Ehrhart ex Willdenow var. tibetica C. B. Clarke; A. tibetica (C. B. Clarke) J. D. Hooker & Thomson.
Herbs or dwarf subshrubs, caespitose, 10--15 cm tall, densely incanous or yellowish tomentose, with thick woody stock and branches, shortly branched or not. Petioles of basal and middle cauline leaves 4--8 mm; leaf blades suborbicular, flabellate, or reniform, 6--12 X 5--10 mm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 2(or 3) pairs, 3--5-lobulate; lobules minute, linear or linear-lanceolate, 1--2 X 0.5--1 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts minute, pinnatisect or 3-lobed or entire. Capitula in racemose or spicate-racemose inflorescences, semiglobose or subglobose, (3--)5--10 mm in diam.; involucral bracts with broadly scarious and lacerate purple margins; receptacle semiglobose, pubescent. Pistillate florets 10--18, (2 or)3- or 4-toothed. Bisexual florets 50--80; corolla limb purple. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 18@.
Slopes, canyons, peaks, shores of salt lake, saline soils, rocky grasslands, waysides; 3000--5800 m. W Gansu, W Qinghai, S Xinjiang, Xizang [N India, N Pakistan; SW Asia].
Herbs or subshrubs, caespitose, 15--25(--30) cm tall, densely incanous or yellowish tomentose, with thick woody stock and branches, much branched. Petioles of basal and middle cauline leaves 2--4 mm; leaf blades ovate, broadly ovate, or subreniform, 5--10 X 5--8 mm, 1(or 2)-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs, entire or lobulate; lobes or lobules minute, lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 1--2 X 0.5--1 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect, 3-lobed, or entire. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose or broadly ovoid, (2.5--)3--4 mm in diam., nodding; receptacle conical, pubescent. Pistillate 4--8. Bisexual florets 8--14; corolla limb purple, glabrous. Achenes obovoid-ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Canyons, hills, rocky slopes, waysides; 4000--4700 m. Xizang.
Herbs perennial, caespitose, 15--45 cm tall, densely incanous yellow or yellowish sericeous tomentose, fetid, and thick woody root and stock, usually not branched. Petiole of basal leaves 5--8 cm, +/- clasping; leaf blades narrowly ovate, oblong, or elliptic, 5--10 X 1--2 cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 7--13 pairs, 1--3-lobulate; lobules narrowly linear-lanceolate or linear, 3--5 X 1--1.5 mm. Middle and uppermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect; leafy bracts pinnatisect or entire. Capitula in racemose or dense spicate-racemose inflorescences, semiglobose, 6--10 mm in diam., nodding, shortly pedicellate; receptacle semiglobose, deciduously pubescent. Pistillate florets 4--10. Bisexual florets 50--60; corolla with adhered multicellular hairs. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Nov. 2n = 18.
Hills, floodlands, lakesides, rocky slopes, meadows, shrublands; 4300--5200 m. Xizang. [N India, N Pakistan].
Artemisia fukudo Makino var. mokpensis Pampanini; A. haichowensis Chang.
Herbs perennial, 20--40 cm tall, incanous and arachnoid tomentose, or glabrescent; root solitary. Petiole of basal leaves 5--13 cm; leaf blade subrosulate, ovate, or broadly ovate, 11--18 X 8--16 cm, 3- or 4-pinnatisect; lobules filiform, (1--)1.5--3 X 0.5--1.5 mm. Uppermost and middle cauline leaves broadly ovate, 3--5 X 3--5 cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; lobules filiform, 5--15 X 0.5--1.5 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3--5-pinnatisect or entire; lobes of entire leaves 1--3 cm. Capitula in broad or narrow paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or obovoid, 2--3(--4) mm in diam., nodding; receptacle pubescent. Pistillate florets 2--5. Bisexual florets 8--15. Achenes obovoid, slightly oppressed. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Coastal beaches, sand banks of sea and river mouths; sea level. Hebei, Jiangsu, Shandong [Japan, Korea].
Artemisia fukudo Makino var. mokpensis Pampanini, p.p.
Herbs biennial, 30--60 cm tall, densely arachnoid and sericeous pubescent or glabrescent, long branched. Petiole of basal leaves 4--10 cm; leaf blade subrosulate or ovate, 8--15 X 8--15 cm, 3-pinnatisect; lobules filiform, 6--15 mm. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves orbicular or ovate, 1.5--8 X 1.5--8 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs; lobules linear or filiform, 4--15 X 0.5 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1(or 2)-pinnatisect. Capitula in wide or elongated paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid or obconical, (2--)3(--4) mm in diam., nodding; receptacle white pubescent; involucral bracts minutely tomentose, +/- glabrescent. Pistillate florets 2--5. Bisexual florets 8--l6. Achenes obovoid-ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Sand banks of river banks, grassland; low elevations. Hebei, Liaoning, SE Nei Mongol [Korea].
Absinthium divaricatum (Weber ex Stechmann) Fischer ex Besser; Artemisia multicaulis Ledebour; A. anethifolia Weber ex Stechmann var. erectiflora de Candolle; A. anethifolia f. gracilis Pampanini; A. anethifolia var. multicaulis de Candolle; A. anethifolia f. shansiensis Pampanini; A. anethifolia var. stelleriana de Candolle.
Herbs annual or biennial, 20--50 cm tall, pubescent or glabrescent. Basal leaves elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 3--4.5 X 1.5--2.5(--3) cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs, lateral distal lobes lobulate; lobes or lobules filiform, extended, 6--12 X 0.5--1.5 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3--5-lobed or entire. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose or broadly ovoid, 2--3(--4) mm in diam.; receptacle convex, white pubescent; involucral bracts slightly puberulent or +/- glabrescent. Pistillate florets 3--6. Bisexual florets 18--28; corolla limb yellow or red. Achenes ellipsoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Slopes, dry canyons, saline soils, saline steppe, wastelands, stable dunes; 800--2300 m. Gansu, Hebei, W Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, N Shanxi, Qinghai, Xinjiang [Mongolia, Russia].
Herbage for feeding livestock.
Artemisia anethifolia Poljakov; A. anethifolia var. anethoides (Mattfeld) Pampanini; A. zhaodongensis G. Y. Chang & M. Y. Liou.
Herbs annual or biennial, 30--60(--90) cm tall, incanous pubescent. Basal and lowermost cauline leaves ovate or elliptic-ovate, 3--4(--5) X 2--4 cm, 3(or 4)-pinnatisect; lobules filiform or linear-lanceolate. Middle cauline leaves ovate or broadly ovate, 2--4 X 1--3 cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments (1 or)2 or 3 pairs; lobules filiform or hair-form, 2--5 X 0.3--0.5 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3-lobed or entire. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, numerous, subglobose, 1.5--2(--2.5) mm in diam., nodding; receptacle and involucral bracts densely pubescent. Pistillate florets 3--6. Bisexual florets 8--16. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
Hills, slopes, saline soils, sand banks of rivers and lakes, roadsides, wastelands, steppe, semidesert steppe, forest-desert; low elevations to 3300 m, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, N Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, N Shandong, Shanxi, N Sichuan, Xinjiang [Mongolia, Russia].
Herbage for feeding livestock.
Herbs annual or biennial, 25--40 cm tall, puberulous, or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost cauline leaves 1.5--2.5 cm; leaf blade ovate, 1.5--2 X 1--1.5 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs, deeply pectinately serrate; teeth obtuse, glandular apically. Middle and uppermost leaves pinnatifid or entire. Uppermost leaves linear; leafy bracts linear or linear-lanceolate, 10--25 X 1--1.5 mm. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, globose or semiglobose, 3--5 mm in diam., nodding; receptacle densely white pubescent. Pistillate florets 5--20. Bisexual florets 30--50; corolla limb puberulous. Achenes minute. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Grasslands, sandy river banks; 3700--3800 m. Xizang (Lhasa).
Herbs or subshrubs, 25--70 cm tall, arachnoid-pubescent, glabrescent, with thick and woody stock and woody branches, much branched, branchlets thorny or not. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--10 mm; leaf blades suborbicular or ovate, 1.5--3.5(--4.5) X 1.5--2.5 cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 3--5 pairs; lobules minute, pectinately linear-lanceolate or linear, 4--6 X 0.5 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Capitula in wide or elongated paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose, 3--4(--5) mm in diam., nodding; involucral bracts densely arachnoid pubescent; receptacle densely pubescent or hairs deciduous. Pistillate florets l0--l5. Bisexual florets 35--50; corolla limb purple, puberulous or glabrescent. Achenes ellipsoid-ovoid or ovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 18.
Rocky slopes, sandy beaches; 2900--4000 m. W Qinghai, Xizang [Afghanistan, N India, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, N Pakistan, Tajikistan; SW Asia].
1a. Branchlets not thorny ............................................................................... 23a. var. persica
1b. Branchlets thorny .......................................................................... 23b. var. subspinescens
Artemisia togusbulakensis O. Fedtschenko.
Branchlets not thorny.
Rocky slopes, sandy beaches; 2900--4000 m. W Qinghai, Xizang [Afghanistan, N India, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, N Pakistan, Tajikistan; SW Asia].
Used as an antiphlogistic, a hemostatic, or for invigorating the function of digestion system.
Artemisia subspinescens Boissier, Diagn. Fl. Orient., ser. 1, 6: 91. 1845.
Branches and branchlets hard, with thorny tips.
Xizang [Afghanistan; SW Asia].
Abrotanum Tournefort ex Linnaeus, Syst. ed. I. 1735; Artemisia Sect. Artemisia de Candolle, p.p.; Artemisia Subgen. Artemisia Lessing, p.p.; Artemisia Subgen. Euartemisia Rouy, p.p.
Plants pubescent, tomentose or glabrous, rarely arachnoid. Leaves pinnatisect; lobules pectinate, filiform, narrowly linear, or lanceolate, less than 1(--1.5) mm wide. Capitula semiglobose, globose, or subglobose, rarely ovoid. Pistillate florets 1-series; corolla narrowly tubular or conical, 2 or 3(or 4)-toothed; receptacle naked.
Northern hemisphere, few in Africa, Oceania, Central and South America; 31 species and three varieties occur in China, mainly in N and SW mountains, a few in E & S China. Most species contain mainly monoterpenoids and also a little sesquiterpenoids.
1a. Leaves pinnatisect, lobules filiform, linear-filiform, filiform-clavate, narrowly lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, (5--)10--more X 0.5--1(--1.5) mm, acute apically.
2a. Herb annual or biennial; root +/- fusiform.
3a. Herb biennial or perennial; middle cauline leaves pinnatisect, lobes linear or linear-lanceolate; capitula obconical, 4--5 mm in diam. ................................................................... 53. A. fukudo
3b. Herb annual; middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect, lobules filiform or linear, or leaves pinnatisect, latter capitula ovoid or subglobose, 2.5--3 mm in diam.
4a. Middle cauline leaves pinnatisect, segments 2(or 3) pairs; plants pubescent or +/- glabrescent 54. A. przewalskii
4b. Middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect, segments (2 or)3 or 4 pairs; plants glabrous or glabrescent.
5a. Stem shortly branched or not; middle cauline leaves (1 or)2-pinnatisect, segments (2 or)3 or 4 pairs; capitula 2--10 grouped, in narrow paniculate inflorescences ............. 46. A. palustris
5b. Stem more and divaricately branched; middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect, segments 4 or 5 pairs; capitula 2--5 grouped, in broad lax paniculate inflorescences ..... 47. A. aurata
2b. Herb perennial, subshrub, or shrub; root +/- woody; middle cauline leaves 2- or 3- or 1- or 2-pinnatisect; capitula not obconical.
6a. Middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect, lobules linear or filiform, densely silvery incanous or yellowish sericeous-tomentose; corolla limb puberulous ...................................... 49. A. austriaca
6b. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, lobules linear, filiform-clavate, pubescent, or arachnoid pubescent, but latter ones glabrescent later, or densely white tomentose abaxially; corolla limb glabrous.
7a. Stem much branched, middle cauline leaves 2--4 cm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; abaxial surface of leaves and involucral bracts densely white tomentose ...................................... 51. A. brachyloba
7b. Stem shortly capitulate branched or not; middle cauline leaves 0.8--2.5(--3) cm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect leaves and involucral bracts puberulous or leaves glabrescent.
8a. Stem terete; lobules in middle cauline leaves filiform, acute apically .... 44. A. adamsii
8b. Stem tetragonous; lobules in middle cauline leaves filiform-clavate or linear-filiform, obtuse or dotted apically ...................................................................................... 45. A. dalai-lamae
1b. Leaves pinnatipartite or -sect, lobules pectinate, serrate or small obtusely lacerate, latter less than 5(--8) X 1.5(--2) mm; or lobules minute, but lobes l--2 mm wide with obtuse apex.
9a. Herb annual or biennial; stem solitary, more than 20 cm, main root +/- fusiform.
10a. Leaves +/- succulent, middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, segments 1 or 2 pairs, with obtuse apex, entire or 1--3-crenate or cleft ........................................................... 52. A. succulenta
10b. Leaves thinly papery, middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect, segments 2-more pairs, lobes or lobules acute or obtuse apically.
11a. Middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect, segments 3 or 4 pairs, lobes serrate, teeth more than 3 mm wide; involucral bracts puberulous ............................................ 38. A. shangnanensis
11b. Middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect, segments 4--10 pairs, lobes pectinate, teeth less than 2 mm wide; involucral bracts glabrescent.
12a. Leaves minutely and lanceolately pectinate; capitula 1.5--2 mm in diam., in narrow paniculate-spicate inflorescences ....................................................................... 42. A. tournefortiana
12b. Leaves pectinate; capitula more than 3 mm, or 1.5--2.5 mm in diam., latter capitula in broad pyramidal paniculate inflorescences.
13a. Basal leaves numerous, rosulate, segments more than 20 pairs; capitula 3--4(--5) mm in diam., in dense spicate-paniculate inflorescences, involucral bracts with brown or purple-brown scarious margins ........................................................................................... 41. A. hedinii
13b. Characters not as above.
14a. Middle cauline leaves 2(or 3)-pinnatisect, incanous-yellowish or yellowish and glandular punctate abaxially, leaf rachis and rachlets usually not pectinate, midveins obvious, slightly prominent; capitula 1.5--2.5 mm in diam., in broad pyramidal paniculate inflorescences 40. A. annua
14b. Middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect, pectinate or serrate, green, not glandular punctate abaxially and leaf rachis and rachlets pectinate, midveins flat; capitula more than 3.5 mm in diam., in midbroad paniculate inflorescences ........................................... 39. A. caruifolia
9b. Herb perennial or subshrub; stems several or numerous, rarely solitary; roots usually woody, or herbs dwarf, less than 20 cm and with thick stock and +/- fusiform root.
15a. Herb dwarf perennial; main root +/- fusiform; stem usually less than 15 cm tall; leaves 1(or 2)-palmatisect, segments 1 or 2 pairs, without lobules or occasionally with 2 or 3 minute lobules; capitula in spicate or narrow spicate-paniculate inflorescences ........................... 48. A. caespitosa
15b. Herb perennial or subshrub with woody roots; stem more than 15 cm tall; leaves 1(or 2)-pinnatisect, segments 3 or more pairs; capitula in paniculate, racemose, or spicate inflorescences.
16a. Capitula broadly ovoid, involucral bracts incanous arachnoid-pubescent; lobes of leaves suborbicular and obtusely serrate ...................................................................... 31. A. baimaensis
16b. Capitula semiglobose, globose or subglobose, involucral bracts puberulous, later glabrescent; lobes of leaves pectinate, or lobules lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, rarely linear-falcate.
17a. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatipartite with pectinate lobules.
18a. Subshrubs, stem more than 70 cm; lobules of leaves elliptic or lanceolate and serrate; capitula 4--6 mm in diam. ............................................................................. 32. A. medioxima
18b. Herb perennial, stem 20--70 cm; lobules of leaves pectinate; capitula 3--4 mm in diam. 35. A. latifolia
17b. Middle cauline leaves 2 or 3(or 4)-pinnatisect, lobules serrate.
19a. Capitula semiglobose, rarely subglobose, 4--7 mm in diam., in racemose, spicate, or paniculate inflorescences.
20a. Herb perennial, stem +/- woody below; capitula in racemose or narrowly racemose-paniculate inflorescences, corolla limb puberulous.
21a. Middle cauline leaves pinnatisect, segments 5--7(--8) pairs, lobes pectinate or deeply serrate; involucral bracts with broad brown margins ........................... 36. A. phaeolepis
21b. Middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect or or -parted, segments 4(or 5) pairs, lateral midlobes 2--4 deeply serrate; involucral bracts with scarious lacerate brown margins 43. A. tsugitakaensis
20b. Subshrub, stem woody below; corolla limb not puberulous.
22a. Petioles in middle cauline leaves 6--16 cm; leaves 1(or 2)-pinnatisect, lobes minutely irregular pectinate-serrate ......................................................... 34. A. maximowicziana
22b. Petioles in middle cauline leaves less than 3 cm or +/- sessile; leaves 2- or 3(or 4)-pinnatisect, lobules minutely serrate.
23a. Middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect, lobules minutely linear or linear-lanceolate or falcate, 0.5(--1) mm wide; capitula sessile or shortly pedicellate, involucral bracts pubescent .......................................................................... 24. A. macrantha
23b. Middle cauline leaves petiolate, 2- or 3(or 4)-pinnatisect, lobules minute, elliptic, linear, oblong or serrate (0.5--)1--1.5 mm; capitula pedicellate, involucral bracts glabrescent or puberulous.
24a. Middle cauline leaves 3-(or 4-)pinnatisect, segments 5--8 pairs, abaxial midvein obviously convex; capitula with 2--4 mm pedicels, in broad and elongated paniculate inflorescences; involucral bracts glabrescent ...................................... 26. A. polybotryoidea
24b. Middle cauline leaves 2(or 3-)pinnatisect, segments 3(or 4) pairs, abaxial midvein not convex; capitula with 4-15 mm pedicels, in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences; involucral bracts puberulous .............................................. 27. A. aksaiensis
19b. Capitula minute, subglobose, 2.5--4 mm in diam., in paniculate inflorescences.
25a. Stem shortly and capitately branched or not; involucral bracts glabrescent.
26a. Leaves elliptic-ovate or elliptic, 2--3 cm, segments 4 or 5 pairs, lobules minute, linear or pectinate, puberulous abaxially ................................................ 33. A. freyniana
26b. Leaves ovate or obovate, less than 1 cm, segments (2 or)3 or 4 pairs, lobules minute, narrowly linear or linear-lanceolate, glabrescent ....................................... 50. A. glabella
25b. Stem more and long branched; involucral bracts pubescent or glabrescent.
27a. Middle cauline leaves with 6--8 pairs of segments, lobules minutely elliptic-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 2--3 X 1 mm, white tomentulose abaxially ........ 37. A. tanacetifolia
27b. Middle cauline leaves with 3--5 pairs of segments, lobules minute, elliptic- or linear-, serrate or pectinate, 1--2 X 0.5--1(--2) mm, pubescent or glabrescent.
28a. Middle cauline leaves 2--4-pinnatisect, lobules pectinate-linear or narrowly lanceolate, acute apically, yellow arachnoid-pubescent abaxially ........................ 29. A. gmelinii
28b. Middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect, lobules serrate or pectinate, obtuse or acute apically, incanous pubescent abaxially or glabrescent.
29a. Lobules of middle cauline leaves minute, elliptic or linear, 3--5 mm, obtuse apically 25. A. pontica
29b. Lobules of middle cauline leaves serrate or pectinate, 1--2(--3) mm, acute apically.
30a. Middle cauline leaves ovate, elliptic-ovate, or suborbicular, 2- or 3-pinnatisect, lobules minute, deeply serrate; involucral bracts densely pubescent ... 30. A. vestita
30b. Middle cauline leaves triangular or elliptic-ovate, 2- or 3-pinnatisect, lobes with triangular teeth; involucral bracts puberulous or glabrescent ............. 28. A. sacrorum
Subshrubs or herbs, 20--100 cm tall, densely white pubescent, with woody root and stock, and branches. Branches 8--18 cm. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves ovate or oblong, 4--8 X 2--7 cm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments (3 or)4 or 5 pairs, lobules minute, linear or linear-lanceolate, serrate; teeth 3--5(--8) X 0.5(--1) mm, acute apically, sometimes, falcately curved. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect or entire; lobes or entire leaves linear-lanceolate and longer than those of flowering branches. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, subglobose or semiglobose, 4--7 mm in diam.; involucral bracts with scarious brown margins; receptacle convex. Pistillate florets 10--20. Bisexual florets 30--38 or more; corolla limb puberulous. Achenes ellipsoid-ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 108.
Canyons, steppe, meadows, shrublands, waysides; low elevations to 1500 m. W Nei Mongol, E Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; SW Asia].
Subshrubs or herbs, 30--60(--100) cm tall, densely pubescent, or stem glabrescent, with woody root and stock, and branches, much branched. Leaves sparsely pubescent abaxially. Basal leaves rosulate. Basal and lowermost cauline leaves ovate or broadly ovate, 2--5 X 1.5--3 cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect. Middle leaves 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; lobules minute, elliptic or linear, 3--5 X 0.5--1 mm, obtuse apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect or entire; lobes of entire leaves linear or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, numerous, globose, 2.5--3(--3.5) mm in diam., nodding. Pistillate florets 8--12. Bisexual florets 30--40; corolla limb puberulous or later glabrescent. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 18.
Rocky slopes, dry valleys, steppe, hills; low to middle elevations. Gansu, Ningxia, E & N Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Russia; C & E Europe, North America].
Herbs perennial, 50--60 cm tall, caespitose, with woody root, stock and branches, much branched. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 2.5--3.5 cm; leaf blade ovate or elliptic, 4--5.5 X 2.5--3.5 cm, glandular punctate, glabrescent or puberulous abaxially, 3(or 4)-pinnatisect; segments 5--8 pairs; lobules minute, pectinate or short-linear, 1--3 X (0.5--) 1--1.5 mm, occasionally serrulate; midvein obviously prominent abaxially; rachis serrate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 2- or 3-pinnatisect. Capitula in broad and elongated paniculate inflorescences, numerous, globose, 4--5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts glabrescent. Pistillate florets 8--12. Bisexual florets 25--35. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Hills, waysides; 1000--1500 m. Gansu, Xinjiang.
Herbs or subshrubs, 40 cm tall or more, caespitose, incanous puberulous or sparsely puberulous or glabrescent, with woody root, stock and branches, much branched. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 1--2 cm. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves ovate, 2--2.5 X 1.5--2 cm, glandular punctate, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 3(or 4) pairs; lobules minute, 3 or 4 pairs, elliptic or ovate, 2--4 X 1--1.5 mm, occasionally with 1 or 2 teeth. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose or globose, 5--8 mm in diam., pedicel 5--15 mm, rarely less than 4 mm; involucral bracts white puberulous. Pistillate florets 6--11. Bisexual florets 12--18. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Hills; 3100--3800 m. W Gansu.
Subshrubs 50--100(--150) cm tall, caespitose, densely pubescent, or glabrescent, with woody root and stock. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 1--5 cm. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves triangular- or elliptic-ovate, 2--10 X 2--8 cm, glandular punctate, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 3--5 pairs; lobules serrate or pectinate; rachis serrate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect or entire; leafy bracts linear or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, globose, 2--3.5(--5) mm in diam., nodding; involucral bracts puberulous or glabrescent. Pistillate florets 10--12. Bisexual florets 20--40. Achenes ellipsoid-ovoid or ellipsoid-conical. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 18, 36.
Hills, waysides, shrublands, slopes, often dominant on S slopes, roadsides, forest steppe; 600--4200 m. Widespread throughout China [Afghanistan, N India, Japan, Kazakstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Nepal, N Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan].
1a. Leaves 2-, rarely 3-pinnatisect, pubescent, but sparsely pubescent adaxially, densely pubescent abaxially 28b. var. messerschmidtiana
1b. Leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect, incanous pubescent on both surfaces, but glabrescent or pubescent abaxially.
2a. Leaves pubescent, but later glabrescent ............................................ 28a. var. sacrorum
2b. Leaves pubescent, not becoming glabrescent ......................................... 28c. var. incana
Artemisia gmelinii Fischer ex Besser; A. gmelinii var. intermedia (Ledebour) Krascheninnikov, p.p.; A. iwayomogi Kitamura; A. sacarorum Ledebour subsp. laxiflora (Nakai) Kitagawa, p.p.; A. sacarorum subsp. manshurica (Komarov) Kitamura; A. sacrorum var. intermedia Ledebour; A. sacrorum var. laciniaeformis Nakai; A. sacrorum var. latiloba Ledebour; A. vestita Kitagawa; A. vestita var. viridis (Besser) Wang & H. T. Ho ex H. C. Fu.
Leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect, both surfaces incanous pubescent, later glabrescent.
Hills, waysides, shrublands, slopes, often dominant on S slopes, roadsides, forest steppe; low to middle elevations. Widespread throughout China [Afghanistan, N India, Japan, Kazakstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Nepal, N Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan].
Artemisia messerschmidtiana Besser, Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 3: 27. 1834; A. gmelinii Fischer ex Besser var. messerschmidtiana (Besser) Poljakov; A. iwayomogi Kitamura, p.p.; A. sacrorum Ledebour, p.p.; A. sacrorum var. laxiflora (Nakai) Kitagawa.
Leaves 2-, rarely 3-pinnatisect, incanous or yellowish pubescent on both surfaces, densely pubescent abaxially, sparsely pubescent adaxially.
Hills, waysides. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Xinjiang [Afghanistan, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
Artemisia messerschmidtiana var. incana Besser, Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 3: 27. 1834; A. gmelinii Weber ex Stechmann var. discolor (Komarov) Nakai; A. gmelinii var. incana (Besser) H. C. Fu; A. gmelinii var. vestita (Komarov) Nakai p.p.; A. sacrorum Ledebour subsp. manshurica Kitagawa; A. sacrorum var. minor Ledebour f. discolor Komarov; A. sacrorum var. minor Ledebour f. vestita Komarov; A. vestita Wallich ex Besser var. discolor (Komarov) Kitagawa.
Leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect, abaxially incanous pubescent, adaxially sparsely incanous pubescent.
Hills, waysides, shrublands, slopes, often dominant on S slopes, roadsides, forest steppe; 1000--1300 m or below. Widespread throughout China [Japan, Korea, Mongolia].
Artemisia gmelinii Weber ex Stechmann var. biebersteiniana Besser; A. gmelinii var. discolor (Komarov) Nakai; A. gmelinii var. legitima Besser; A. santolinifolia Turczaninow ex Besser; A. sacrorum Ledebour var. minor Ledebour; A. sacrorum var. santolinifolia (Turczaninow ex Besser) Pampanini; A. stechmanniana Besser, p.p.; A. turczaninoviana Besser, p.p.; A. vestita Wallich ex Besser var. discolor (Komarov) Kitagawa.
Subshrubs 10--40(--80) cm tall, caespitose, woody basally, much branched, densely pubescent, or glabrescent except on leaves with woody root and stock, as well as branches. Petiole of middle leaves 8--13 mm. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves ovate or triangular-ovate, 2--4 X 1--2 cm, glandular punctate, incanous or yellowish arachnoid pubescent, 2--4-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs; lobules pectinately linear or linear-lanceolate, usually serrulate, teeth 1--2 X 0.2--0.5 mm. Uppermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect and leafy bracts divided or entire; bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in dense narrow paniculate inflorescences, globose, 3--4(--6) mm in diam. Pistillate florets 10--12. Bisexual florets 40--60. Achenes oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 18, 36, 54.
Hills, steppe, semidesert steppe, meadows, rocky slopes, scrub, dry floodlands, wastelands; 1500--4900 m. Gansu, Hebei, Hubei, Jiangsu, Liaoning, W Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, W Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang [Kazakstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan; E Europe].
Artemisia laciniata C. B. Clarke; A. potentilaefolia H. Léveillé; A. sacrorum Ledebour var. minor f. wallichiana Pampanini; A. sacrorum var. vestita (Wallich ex Besser) Kitamura.
Subshrubs caespitose, strongly aromatic, 50--120 cm tall, woody basally, much branched, arachnoid-pubescent, especially on adaxial surface of leaves, with woody stock and branches. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 8--20 mm; leaf blades ovate, elliptic-ovate, or suborbicular, (2--)3.5--7.5 X (1.5--)2--4 cm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 4--6 pairs; lobules minute, deeply serrate; teeth elliptic, 1--2 X 0.2--0.5 mm; rachis serrate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts smaller, pinnatisect or entire; bracts lanceolate, sparsely pectinate. Capitula in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, numerous, globose or semiglobose, 2.5--3.5(--4) mm in diam. Pistillate florets 6--10. Bisexual florets 13--20. Achenes oblong or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 18.
Hills, rocky slopes, grasslands, shrublands, outer forest margins; 2000--4300 m. Gansu, NW Guangxi, Guizhou, N Hubei, Liaoning, Qinghai, W Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan [N India, Nepal, N Pakistan].
For antiphlogistic and antifebrile drugs.
Subshrubs ca. 60 cm tall or more, much branched, densely incanous pubescent or arachnoid pubescent. Petioles of middle and uppermost cauline leaves 3--5 mm; leaf blades ovate, 3--4 X 2--2.5 cm, scarcely glandular punctate, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; lobules 3 or 4 pairs; teeth minute, elliptic, 3--5 X 1--2 mm; rachis narrowly winged; leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, numerous, broadly ovoid, 2.5--3 mm in diam.; involucral bracts incanous arachnoid-pubescent. Pistillate florets 5--8. Bisexual florets 8--15. Achenes ellipsoid-ovoid or ellipsoid-obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Forest margins; ca. 3400 m. Qinghai.
Artemisia latifolia Maximowicz.
Subshrubs 70--120 cm tall, shortly and capitately branched or not apically, white or incanous pubescent, with a few branches. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1.5--3 cm; leaf blades elliptic or oblong, 4--6(--9) X 2--4 cm, thin, glandular punctate, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments (4 or)5(or 6) pairs; lobes lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, pectinately serrate; teeth short-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 4--10 X 1--2 mm, obtuse apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Capitula in narrow racemose or racemose-paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose, 4--6 mm in diam., pedicellate below and without pedicels above. Pistillate florets 8--10. Bisexual florets 20--40; corolla limb puberulous or glabrescent. Achenes oblong, slightly oppressed. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
Steppe, forest steppe, outer forest margins; low to middle elevations. N Hebei, Heilongjiang, E Nei Mongol, N Shanxi [E Russia].
Artemisia sacrorum Ledebour var. latiloba f. freyniana Pampanini, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s. 34: 688. 1927; A. sacrorum var. viridis f. minor Freyn.
Subshrubs 18--35(--45) cm tall, puberulous or glabrescent, with thick stock, branches, and few thin capitate branches above or not branched. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 3--5 mm; leaf blade elliptic-ovate or elliptic, 20--30 X 7--15 mm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, elliptic, 5--15 X 3--4 mm, pectinately parted; lobules lanceolate-serrate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts divided or entire; bracts linear or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in dense spicate- or racemose-paniculate inflorescences, globose, 2--3 mm in diam. Pistillate 6--8. Bisexual florets 16--20. Achenes obovoid or ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Steppe, slopes, dry river valleys, river banks, outer forest margins; low to middle elevations. N Gansu, Heilongjiang, W Jilin, Nei Mongol, Ningxia [Mongolia, E Russia].
Artemisia latifolia Ledebour var. maximoviczii F. Schumacher, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, sér. 7, 7(12): 49. 1868; A. laciniata Willdenow var. latifolia f. maximoviczii Pampanini.
Subshrubs or herbs, 60--125 cm tall, puberulous or glabrescent, with thick root and stock. Petioles of basal and lowermost cauline leaves 6--16 cm; leaf blades ovate or orbicular-ovate, 10--18 X 8--15 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or nearly -sect; segments 5 or 6 pairs, pectinate-serrate, acute apically. Middle and uppermost leaves 1(or 2)-pinnatipartite or -sect; lobes linear or linear-lanceolate, pectinate; leafy bracts 3--5-lobed or entire; bracts linear or linear-lanceolate, 45--65 X 4--8 mm. Capitula in narrow elongated paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose or spherical, 4--6 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 10--15. Bisexual florets 30--40. Achenes oblong or oblong-obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Steppe, dry river valleys, hills, wastelands, forest steppe; low to middle elevations. N Heilongjiang, N Nei Mongol [E Russia].
Artemisia laciniata Willdenow var. glabriuscula Ledebour, p.p.; A. laciniata var. latifolia (Ledebour) Maximowicz; A. tanacetifolia Linnaeus var. laxa Kitamura.
Herbs perennial, 20--70 cm tall, shortly capitately branched or not apically, puberulous, soon glabrescent. Petioles of basal and middle leaves 3--6 cm, glandular punctate. Basal leaves oblong or ovate, (1 or)2-pinnatisect. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves elliptic-oblong or elliptic-ovate, 4--14(--18) X 2--7(--9) cm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 5--7; lobes lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, pectinately and deeply serrate; teeth (3--)5--13 X (1--)2--3 mm. Uppermost leaves pectinate-pinnatisect; leafy bracts linear, entire. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, globose or semiglobose, 3--4 mm in diam; involucral bracts with brown lacerate margins. Pistillate florets 5--9. Bisexual florets 18--25. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 36.
Steppe, forest steppe, outer forest margins, wastelands, shrublands, meadows, saline soils; low to middle elevations. NE Gansu, Hebei, W Heilongjiang, W Jilin, W Liaoning, E & N Nei Mongol [Kazakstan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia, Uzbekistan; SW Asia, C & E Europe].
Artemisia laciniata Willdenow f. racemosa Krylov; A. laciniata f. tomentosa Krylov, p.p.; A. laciniata var. turczaninowiana Besser.
Herbs perennial, 15--40 cm tall, strongly aromatic, shortly and capitately branched, pubescent, soon glabrescent. Leaves glandular punctate. Petioles of basal and middle cauline leaves 3--5 cm. Basal and lowermost cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect. Middle cauline leaves elliptic or oblong, 2--6 X 1.5--3 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 5--7(--8) pairs; lobes pectinately or deeply serrate, sometimes serrulate, with thick margins; midvein prominent abaxially. Uppermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect; leafy bracts entire, lanceolate or linear. Capitula in narrow racemose-paniculate inflorescences, few, semiglobose, 4--6 mm in diam., nodding, shortly pedicellate; involucral bracts with broad brown margins. Pistillate florets 12--18. Bisexual florets 40--80; corolla limb puberulous. Achenes oblong or oblong-obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 36.
Hills, canyons, waysides, grassy marshlands, meadows, dry floodlands, outer margins of forests and shrublands, rocky hills, semidesert steppe; up to 3600 m. Gansu, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shanxi, N Xinjiang, Xizang [Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia].
Artemisia laciniata Willdenow; A. laciniata var. glabriuscula Ledebour; A. laciniata var. macrobotrys (Ledebour) Maximowicz, p.p.; A. sacrorum Ledebour var. major Pampanini incl. f. japonica Pampanini; A. serreana Pampanini; A. orthobotrys Kitagawa.
Herbs perennial, 50--70(--90) cm tall, shortly branched apically, pubescent or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 3--12 mm; leaf blades elliptic-oblong or elliptic-ovate, 3--12 X 1.5--5(--8) cm, sparsely glandular punctate, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 6--8 pairs; lobes pectinately lobulate; lobules elliptic-lanceolate, sometimes scarcely serrulate; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect or entire; bracts linear or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in narrow elongated paniculate inflorescences, globose or semiglobose, 2--3(--3.5) mm, nodding. Pistillate florets 8--15. Bisexual florets 30--40; corolla limb puberulous. Achenes ellipsoid-obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
Forest steppe, steppe, meadows, outer forest margins, saline soils, hills, shrublands; low elevations to 2400 m. Gansu, N Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, N Shaanxi, N Shanxi [Kazakstan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia; C & E Europe, North America].
Herbage for feeding livestock.
Herbs annual or biennial, 80--150 cm tall, much branched, yellowish or incanous-yellowish puberulous. Petioles of basal and lowermost cauline leaves 2--4 cm; leaf blades ovate-orbicular, (2 or)3-pinnatipartite. Middle cauline leaves ovate or elliptic-ovate, 10--12 X 6--8 cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs, 4--5 X 2--3 cm, deeply pectinately serrate; teeth 3 or 4 pairs, more than 3 mm wide. Uppermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatipartite; leafy bracts elliptic-lanceolate, 3--5-lobed or entire. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, globose or semiglobose, 5--7 mm in diam., nodding, pedicellate; involucral bracts puberulous. Pistillate florets 15--20. Bisexual florets 80--150. Achenes obovoid or ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Hills, outer forest margins; low to middle elevations. SW Henan, Hubei, S Shaanxi, E Sichuan, N Yunnan.
Herbs annual, 30--150 cm, much branched, glabrous. Petioles of basal and lowermost cauline leaves 5--10 mm; leaf blades greenish, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; lobules pectinate. Middle cauline leaves oblong, oblong-ovate, or elliptic, 5--15 X 2--5.5 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4--6 pairs, pectinate or lanceolate, acutely or acuminate-serrate; rachis serrate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1(or 2)-pinnati- and pectinatisect. Capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose, 3.5--7 mm in diam., nodding, pedicellate; involucral bracts radiate or not. Pistillate florets 10--20. Bisexual florets 30--40, yellowish. Achenes oblong or ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Jun-Sep.
Moist river banks, floodlands, waysides, outer forest margins, canyons, coastal beaches; low to high elevations. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, S Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, S Shaanxi, Shandong, E Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [N India, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Nepal, N Vietnam].
1a. Lobes of leaves acutely serrate; capitula 4.5--7 mm in diam., involucral bracts radiate after anthesis 39b. var. schochii
1b. Lobes of leaves acuminate-serrate; capitula 3.5--4.5 mm in diam., involucral bracts not radiate after anthesis .............................................................................................. 39a. var. caruifolia
Artemisia abrotanum Thunberg; A. apiacea Hance; A. caruifolia Buchanan-Hamilton ex Roxburgh var. apiacea (Hance) Pampanini; A. thunbergiana Maximowicz.
Middle cauline leaves bipinnati- and pectinatisect; lobes acuminate-serrate. Capitula 3.5--4.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts not radiate after anthesis.
Moist river banks, floodlands, waysides, outer forest margins, canyons, coastal beaches; low elevations. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, S Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, S Shaanxi, Shandong, E Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [N India, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Nepal, N Vietnam].
Contains abrotanine. For antiphlogistic and antifebrile drugs.
Artemisia schochii Mattfeld, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 22: 245. 1926; A. apiacea Hance var. schochii (Mattfeld) Handel-Mazzetti.
Middle cauline leaves bipinnati- and pectinatisect; lobes acutely serrate. Capitula 4.5--7 mm in diam.; involucral bracts radiate and florets deciduous after anthesis.
* Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Yunnan.
Artemisia chamomilla C. Winkler; A. stewartii C. B. Clarke; A. wadei Edgeworth.
Herbs annual, 70--160(--200) cm tall, much branched, strongly aromatic, sparsely puberulous, soon glabrous. Leaves glandular punctate. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 1--2 cm. Lowermost cauline leaves ovate or triangular-ovate, 3--7 X 2--6 cm, 3(or 4)-pinnatipartite; segments 5--8(--10) pairs; lobules deeply serrate; teeth triangular, 1--2 X 0.5 mm; midvein prominent adaxially; rachis narrowly winged, sparsely serrate or not. Middle cauline leaves 2(or 3)-pinnati- or pectinatisect. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1(or 2)-pinnatipartite. Capitula in broad pyramidal paniculate inflorescences, globose, numerous, 1.5--2.5 mm in diam., nodding, shortly pedicellate. Pistillate florets 10--18. Bisexual florets 10--30, dark yellow or yellow. Achenes ellipsoid-ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 18.
Hills, waysides, wastelands, outer forest margins, steppe, forest steppe, dry floodlands, terraces, semidesert steppe, rocky slopes, roadsides, saline soils; 200--3650 m: E provinces below 1500 m, W provinces 2000--3000 m, except Xizang up to 3700 m. Widespread in China (list provinces??) [Widely distributed in N Africa, Asia, Europe, North America].
Contains essential oils, in which "qing hau su, C15H22O5", arteannuin I, II, cinereole, camphor, artemisia ketone are included. Well known for antiphlogistic, antifebrile and hemostatic drugs, especially good for curing malaria.
Artemisia biennis J. D. Hooker.
Herbs annual, 15--60(--100) cm tall, purple, capitate branches 4--8 cm, sparsely glandular puberulous, fetid. Petioles of basal and lowermost cauline leaves 4--5 cm. Basal leaves numerous, rosulate or elliptic, 10--14 X 2--3.5 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments more than 20 pairs; lobules pectinately lanceolate or triangularly serrate, 2--3 X 0.2--1 mm, acute apically. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves elliptic, 6--12 X 2--4 cm, 2-pinnate; segments 5--10 pairs, 0.3--1.5 X 0.2--0.4 mm, lobulate and serrate; rachis serrate; midvein prominent. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnately divided; lobes serrate. Capitula in dense narrow paniculate inflorescences, globose or semiglobose, 3--4(--5) mm in diam.; involucral bracts with brown or purple-brown scarious margins. Pistillate florets 3--8. Bisexual florets 15--30; corolla limb purple. Achenes oblong-obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
Grassy marshlands, floodlands, rocky slopes, waysides, outer forest margins. 1000--4800(--5000) m. Gansu, SW Nei Mongol, Qinghai, W Sichuan, N Xinjiang, Xizang, W Yunnan [N India, Nepal, N Pakistan, Tajikistan].
For antiphlogistic, antifebrile, detoxifying, and hemostatic drugs.
Herbs annual, (40--)110--150(--200) cm tall, purple-brown, capitately branched; branches 2--5 cm, puberulous or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 2--6 cm; leaf blades elliptic-ovate or oblong, 5--18 X 2--8 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 5--8 pairs, pectinately lobulate; lobules elliptic-lanceolate, 3--5 X 3--4 mm, occasionally serrulate; rachis serrate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect or entire; bracts linear-lanceolate, serrate. Capitula in narrow paniculate-spicate inflorescences, numerous, ovoid or ovoid-orbicular, 1.5--2 mm in diam., dense. Pistillate florets 10--20. Bisexual florets 10--15. Achenes ellipsoid-ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov. 2n = 18.
Hills, terraces, dry floodlands, waste fields, steppe, open forests, semi-marshlands; 800--1500 m. Xinjiang, Xizang [Afghanistan, Kazakstan, Mongolia, N Pakistan; SW Asia].
For antiphlogistic, antifebrile, antihelminthic, and antitoxifying drugs in NW China.
Artemisia niitakayamensis Hayata var. tsugitakaensis Kitamura, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 9: 32. 1940.
Herbs perennial, 10--20 cm tall, less and shortly branched apically, puberulous. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves short; leaf blades elliptic, ovate, or elliptic-obovate, 10--25 X 7--14 mm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4(or 5) pairs; lobules 2--8 X 0.6--1 mm; leafy bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, pinnatisect or entire. Capitula in racemose or narrow racemose-paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose or subglobose, 7--10 mm in diam.; pedicels 5--15(--20) mm; involucral bracts with scarious lacerate margins. Pistillate florets 8--12. Bisexual florets 30--40. Achenes oblong or ovoid-oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov.
* Slopes; ca. 3900 m. Taiwan.
Herbs perennial or subshrubs, 15--40 cm, branched apically, arachnoid pubescent or glabrescent. Lowermost cauline leaves +/- sessile; leaf blade (2 or)3-pinnatisect. Middle cauline leaves ovate, 1.5--2.5(--3) X 1.5--2.5(--3) cm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; lobules filiform, 2--3 X 0.5--1 mm, acute apically; leafy bracts nearly palmatisect. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, subglobose, 2--3 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 9--12. Bisexual florets 35--45. Achenes ellipsoid-ovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
Saline steppe, meadows, river banks, hills; low elevations. W Heilongjiang, E Nei Mongol [E Mongolia, E Russia].
Subshrubs. Stems tetragonous, nearly caespitose, 10--20(--35) cm tall, less and shortly branched apically, incanous puberulous. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves ovate or broadly ovate, 8--12 X 7--10 mm, 1- or 2-pinnati- or nearly -palmatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs; lobules filiform-clavate or linear-filiform, 2--4 X 0.5 mm, obtuse apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3- or 5-lobed. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose or ovoid, 3--3.5(--4) mm diam. Pistillate florets 1--3. Bisexual florets 8--20. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Sep.
* Rocky slopes, steppe, semidesert steppe, saline-alkali soils, dry floodlands, gravelly areas; 1800--3200 m. W Gansu, SW Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Xizang.
Herbs annual, 10--40 cm tall, much branched. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves thin, ovate or elliptic-ovate, 2--5 X 1.5--3 cm, (1 or)2-pinnatisect; segments (2 or)3 or 4 pairs; lobules narrowly linear, 15--35 X 0.5--1 mm. Capitula 2--10 grouped on branches, in narrow paniculate inflorescences, subglobose, 2--3 mm. Pistillate florets 10--13. Bisexual florets 20--26. Achenes ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov. 2n = 18.
Steppe, forest steppe, river banks, floodlands; middle or low elevations. N Hebei, W Heilongjiang, W Jilin, W Liaoning, E & S Nei Mongol [Korea, Mongolia, E Russia].
Artemisia palustris Linnaeus var. aurata (Komarov) Pampanini.
Herbs annual, 20--50(--80) cm tall, much branched. Petiole of middle leaves 2--5 cm; leaf blade thin, triangular-ovate or triangular-elliptic-ovate, 4--6(--11) X 2--3 cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs; lobules narrowly linear-lanceolate or filiform, 3--6 X 0.5--1 mm. Capitula usually 2--5 grouped, in broad paniculate inflorescences, subglobose, 2--3 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 10--14. Bisexual florets 14--25. Achenes ovoid-ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov. 2n = 18.
Rocky hills; middle or low elevations. Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning [Japan, Korea, E Russia].
Artemisia frigidioides H. C. Fu & S. Y. Zhu.
Herbs perennial, dwarf, caespitose, 5--15(--20) cm tall, shortly and capitately branched apically or not, yellowish sericeous puberulous. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 6--10 mm; leaf blades elliptic or ovate, 5--10 X 5--10 mm. Lowermost leaves 3- or nearly palmately 5-lobed. Middle cauline leaves nearly 1- or 2-palmatisect; segments 1 or 2 pairs; lobes or lobules linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 3--6 X 1.5--2 cm. Uppermost and leafy bracts 3--5-lobed or entire; bracts linear or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in dense shortly spicate or spicate-paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose, subglobose, or ovoid-campanulate, 3--4 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 5--7, Bisexual florets 15--22; corolla limb puberulous. Achenes obovoid or obovoid-ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Rocky hills, desert steppe; middle or low elevations. NW Nei Mongol, N Xinjiang [Mongolia, S Russia].
Artemisia austriaca Jacquemont var. jacquiniana de Candolle; A. austriaca var. orientalis de Candolle; A. nivea Redowsky ex Willdenow; A. repens Pallas ex Willdenow.
Herbs perennial or subshrubs, caespitose, 15--50 cm tall, silvery incanous or yellowish sericeous-pubescent. Leaves sessile; lowermost leaves 3-pinnatisect. Middle cauline leaves elliptic-ovate or ovate, 1.5--4 X 1--2.5 cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs; lobules narrowly linear, 2--12 X 0.5--1 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnati- or 3-sect or entire; bracts narrowly linear. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, subglobose or ovoid-campanulate, 1--2 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 3--7. Bisexual florets 7--8; corolla limb puberulous. Achenes ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 16, 32, 36.
Dry terraces, floodlands, saline-alkali soils, open forests, semidesert steppe, wastelands; middle or low elevations. N & W Nei Mongol, N Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan; SW Asia, C, E, & SW Europe].
Essential oils used for perfume and herbs for herbage.
Artemisia obtusiloba Ledebour var. glabella (Karelin & Kirilov) Poljakov; A. obtusiloba var. glabra Ledebour.
Herbs perennial, 10--35 cm tall, woody basally, capitately branched apically, puberulous or glabrescent, dotted. Leaves sessile; lowermost and middle cauline leaves ovate or obovate, 3--7 X 2--5 mm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments (2 or)3 or 4 pairs; lobes spatulate or nearly cuneate; distal lobes palmately lobulate; lobules narrowly linear or linear-lanceolate, 0.3--0.6 X 0.5--1.5 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect or entire. Capitula in narrow spicate-paniculate or -racemose inflorescences, globose or semiglobose, 1.5--2.5 (--3.5) mm in diam. Pistillate florets 6--10. Bisexual florets 15--25. Achenes ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Sep.
Rocky slopes, steppe, canyons; low elevations. N Xinjiang [Russia].
Artemisia adamsii Kitagawa; A. licentii Pampanini.
Subshrubs or small shrubs, 30--60 cm tall, with strong woody root and stock, much branched, pubescent, or stem and branches glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves sessile; leaf blades broadly ovate or ovate, 2--4 X 1.5--2 cm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; lobules narrowly linear or linear-lanceolate, 3--6(--8) X 0.3--1 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnati- or 3-lobed or entire; bracts linear. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or ovoid-campanulate; involucral bracts densely white tomentose abaxially. Pistillate florets 10--15. Bisexual florets 20--25. Achenes ovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
Sunny or rocky slopes or steppe, Gobi, semidesert-steppe; middle or low elevations. Gansu, N Hebei, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, N Shaanxi, N Shanxi [Mongolia].
Used for antiphlogistic, antifebrile, diuretic, and antihelminthic drugs.
Herbs annual or biennial, or subshrubs, 30--50 cm tall, much branched, tomentose or glabrescent. Leaves sessile, +/- succulent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves elliptic or obovate, 10--30 X 5--10 mm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect or parted; segments 1 or 2 pairs; lobes linear or linear-oblanceolate, 0.5--1.5 X 0.1--0.2 mm, 1--3-crenate or cleft or obtuse apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 2- or 3-lobed or entire; bracts linear or linear-oblanceolate. Capitula in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose, 4--5 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 15--20. Bisexual florets 60--80. Achenes obovoid or ellipsoid-obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Sep.
Marshlands, canyons, wastefields; 1000--1400 m. E Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Russia].
Artemisia fauriei Nakai, p.p., quoad pl. faurie 358, Korea.
Herbs biennial or perennial, 50--90 cm tall, much branched, incanous arachnoid pubescent or glabrescent. Petioles of basal and middle cauline leaves 3--13 cm. Basal leaves rosulate; leaf blade 11--18 X 8--16 cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 3(or 4) pairs. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves elliptic-ovate, 3--5 X 3--5 cm, pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs; lobes 8--12 X 1.5--2 mm. Uppermost cauline leaves 3--5-sect; leafy bracts narrowly linear-lanceolate, 10--30 X 1.5--2 mm. Capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences, obconical, 4--5 mm in diam., nodding, pedicellate. Pistillate florets 10--15. Bisexual florets 20--30. Achenes obovoid-ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 16.
Coastal beaches; sea level. N Taiwan, E Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
Herbs annual, 20--30 cm tall, pubescent or +/- glabrescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves +/- sessile; leaf blade oblong or elliptic, 2--3 X 1--1.5 cm, pinnatisect; segments 2(or 3) pairs; lobes narrowly linear or filiform, 5--8 X 1--2 mm. Lowermost cauline leaves and leafy bracts 3--5-lobed or entire; bracts filiform. Capitula in paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or semiglobose, 2.5--3 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 8--12. Bisexual florets 10--18. Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Gobi Desert, gravelly soil; 2700--3300 m. N Gansu, NW Qinghai.
Artemisia Tournefort; Artemisia Sect. Abrotanum Besser; Artemisia Subgen. Artemisia Lessing, p.p.; Artemisia Sect. Abrotanum Subsect. Polycarpaea de Candolle, p.p.; Artemisia Subgen. Abrotanum (Besser) Petermann, p.p.; Artemisia Sect. Vulgares Rydberg; Artemisia Sect. Abrotanum Subsect. Polycarpicae Kitamura.
Herbs perennial, rarely subshrubs, usually arachnoid tomentose or pubescent, without glands or viscid hairs, or glabrous. Leaves 1 or 2(or 3)-pinnatisect or parted; lobes or lobules linear, linear-lanceolate, elliptic, long-elliptic, more than (1.5--)2 mm wide, lacerate, or lobules broadly serrate, more than 5 X 5 mm, or leaves entire. Capitula usually ellipsoid or ovoid, rarely campanulate, semiglobose, or subglobose; receptacle glabrous.
56 species and nine varieties occur in humid areas of China. Mainly distributed in northern hemisphere and a few in southern hemisphere.
Many species contain monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids.
1a. Leaves obviously white or brown glandular punctate, with concave net venation or glands, glands deciduous later.
2a. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, segments (3 or)4 or 5 pairs.
3a. Stem, branches, and involucral bracts glabrous or sparsely puberulous initially, later glabrescent; leaves brown glandular punctate, lobes acuminate .......................... 80. A. occidentali-sinensis
3b. Plant pubescent, not brown glandular punctate; lobes of leaf obtuse.
4a. Stem, branches, and involucral bracts rust-colored or brown tomentose or pubescent; leaves sericeous-pubescent adaxially and incanous tomentose abaxially; capitula semiglobose or subovoid, 3--4(--5) mm in diam., in narrow or slightly broad, elongated paniculate inflorescences 100. A. imponens
4b. Stem, branches, and involucral bracts incanous puberulous, leaves arachnoid-pubescent abaxially, involucral bracts puberulous initially, later glabrescent; capitula subglobose or ovoid, 1--2 mm in diam., in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences .................. 62. A. zhongdianensis
2b. Middle cauline leaves entire, or 2- or 3-cleft, or pinnati-fid or -parted, if -sect, segments 1--3 pairs only.
5a. Stem capitately branched from middle to above; middle cauline leaves entire or 2- or 3-cleft or -partite, mixed sparsely serrate, attenuate basally, sessile; capitula 3--4 mm in diam., in narrow paniculate inflorescences, involucral bracts arachnoid-tomentose and with dark brown center abaxially 55. A. stolonifera
5b. Stem obviously branched; middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or -sect, but latter segments 1--3 pairs only; capitula 1.5--3 mm in diam., in paniculate inflorescences; involucral bracts pubescent or not, but without dark brown center.
6a. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatiparte or -cleft, or -divided.
7a. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-, pinnatipartite or -divided, segments 2 or 3 pairs, lobes or lobules serrate or not, lobes 2--3(--4) mm wide, veins usually brown abaxially .. 56. A. argyi
7b. Middle cauline leaves 1-pinnatifid or -partite or -divided, segments 1 or 2 pairs, lobes usually more than (3--)5 mm wide, veins of dried specimens brown or rust-colored abaxially.
8a. Plant usually arachnoid-tomentose; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences 57. A. gilvescens
8b. Plant usually puberulous or tomentose or glabrous, or leaves arachnoid-pubescent abaxially; capitula in narrow or broad paniculate inflorescences, the latter with leaf segments less than 1 cm wide and densely tomentose abaxially.
9a. Middle cauline leaves 3-partite or -cleft, rarely-sectioned, midlobes larger than laterals, elliptic, 6--10 X 1.5--3 cm, acuminate, densely incanous or yellowish and arachnoid-pubescent abaxially; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences ................. 58. A. austro-yunnanensis
9b. Middle cauline leaves 5-partite, rarely 3-partite, midlobes slightly larger or nearly equal to laterals, elliptic, oblong, or lanceolate, 2--6 X 0.3--0.6(--1) cm, acute, yellow pubescent abaxially, but sparsely puberulous on veins.
10a. Midlobes slightly larger than laterals, lobules sparsely puberulous adaxially; capitula ovoid, involucral bracts pubescent .................................................... 63. A. calophylla
10b. Midlobes nearly equal to laterals, lobes serrate or cleft, sparsely barbate abaxially; capitula ellipsoid, involucral bracts sparsely arachnoid-pubescent ........... 64. A. velutina
6b. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect.
11a. Branches at middle to above on stem, (3--)5--10 cm; middle cauline leaves 5--10 X 3--8 cm, glabrous or arachnoid-pubescent initially, later glabrescent adaxially, incanous tomentose abaxially, lobules lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, more than 3 mm wide.
12a. Stem and branches incanous puberulous; middle cauline leaves (1 or)2-pinnatisect, arachnoid-pubescent initially, later glabrescent; involucral bracts arachnoid-tomentose 59. A. lavandulaefolia
12b. Stem and branches incanous puberulous initially, later glabrescent; middle cauline leaves 1-(or 2-)pinnatisect, nearly glabrous adaxially; involucral bracts sparsely arachnoid-pubescent initially, later glabrescent .............................................................................. 60. A. verlotorum
11b. Branches at upper part of stem, 2--3(--5) cm; middle cauline leaves less than 4 X 4 cm, glabrous or sparsely puberulous adaxially and densely tomentose or arachnoid abaxially, lobules linear, less than 3 mm wide.
13a. Leaves sparsely pubescent adaxially and densely tomentose abaxially, obtuse; involucral bracts densely arachnoid-tomentose ...................................................... 6l. A. kanashiroi
13b. Leaves puberulous, later glabrescent adaxially and densely arachnoid-tomentose abaxially, lobules acute, involucral bracts puberulous initially, later glabrescent ............. 65. A. lancea
1b. Leaves not glandular punctate, without concave net venation, rarely sparsely glandular punctate but without net venation.
14a. Middle cauline leaves without lobes, margin serrate or not; capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences.
15a. Leaves 8--13 cm, serrulate .............................................................. 88. A. viridissima
15b. Leaves less than 8 cm, entire or occasionally 1--3-serrate.
16a. Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts arachnoid-tomentose and pubescent; capitula ellipsoid or oblong.
17a. Middle cauline leaves elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, 1.5--2.5(--3) cm wide, acuminate, 1--3-serrate or lacerate at apex ................................. 84. A. integrifolia
17b. Middle cauline leaves linear, linear-lanceolate, or linear-falcate. 3--6 mm wide, obtuse, entire, rarely 1 or 2-serrate ................................................................................. 85. A. subulata
16b. Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts glabrous or puberulous initially, later glabrescent; capitula subglobose or ovoid.
18a. Middle cauline leaves obovate, obovate-elliptic, or obovate-cuneate; capitula subglobose, 3--3.5 mm in diam. ................................................................................ 107. A. keiskeana
18b. Middle cauline leaves ovate or elliptic-ovate, capitula ovoid or ovoid-campanulate, 1--2 mm in diam. 83. A. nilagirica
14b. Middle cauline leaves pinnatipartite or -sect or 3--5-partite; capitula in racemose or narrow or broad paniculate inflorescences.
19a. Middle cauline leaves pinnatipartite with 2 or 3 pairs of segments ......... 90. A. montana
19b. Middle cauline leaves pinnatisect or -partite.
20a. Stem sericeous-pubescent initially, later glabrescent, without branches, middle cauline leaves pinnatisect, lobes lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, or oblanceolate; capitula 6--10 mm in diam., in racemose inflorescences ..................................................................... 101. A. smithii
20b. Stem pubescent, but not sericeous, or glabrous, branched; middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-, or 1- or 2-pinnatisect or pinnatipartite; capitula less than 5 mm in diam., if more than 5 mm in diam., capitula in paniculate inflorescences.
21a. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or -sect, segments 1--3 pairs, lobes usually entire or 1 to several -serrate.
22a. Capitula semiglobose, campanulate-semiglobose or campanulate, 4--5 mm in diam. 89. A. tafelii
22b. Capitula ellipsoid, ellipsoid-ovoid, or campanulate-ovoid, 1.5--3.5 mm.
23a. Segments 2 or 3 pairs in middle cauline leaves, lobes (2 or)3(or 4)-lobuled or serrate, obtuse or acuminate apically ....................................................................... 82. A. igniaria
23b. Segments 1 or 2 pairs in middle cauline leaves, lobes 3-lobuled or not, lobes or lobules linear-lanceolate, acuminate apically .............................................. 87. A. viridisquama
21b. Middle cauline leaves 1--3-pinnatisect, if -partite, lobes 4--13 X 2--4 cm.
24a. Capitula semiglobose, subglobose, or campanulate-ovoid, (3--)3.5--7 mm in diam., rarely ovoid or oblong, in dense spicate or nearly compound capitulate inflorescences at distal branches.
25a. Segments in middle cauline leaves 2 or 3(or 4) pairs; capitula in common spicate inflorescences at branches.
26a. Stem more than 100 cm, branches more than 10 cm; leaves pinnatipartite, segments 2 or 3 pairs, lobes elliptic or long-elliptic, rarely elliptic-lanceolate, 4--13 X 2--4 cm; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences ............................................................ 71. A. robusta
26b. Stem less than 30 cm, branches less than 10 cm; leaves (1 or)2-pinnatisect, segments 3(or 4) pairs, lobes pinnately lobuled or 3-lobuled, lobules linear or linear-lanceolate, 5--20(--30) X 0.5--1 mm; capitula in lax racemose-paniculate inflorescences 104. A. kawakamii
25b. Segments in middle cauline leaves 4--6, rarely 3 or 4 pairs, capitula in dense spicate or nearly compound capitulate inflorescences at branches.
27a. Involucral bracts brown, and brown-rust-colored tomentose or pubescent, rarely incanous puberulous, herbs caespitose, less than 20(--30) cm.
28a. Middle cauline leaves 7--9 X 4--6 cm, lobules 20--40 X 1.5--2.5 mm, sparsely sericeous-pubescent adaxially, arachnoid-tomentose abaxially; capitula semiglobose, 5--7 mm in diam., in elongated or dense paniculate inflorescences, involucral bracts rust-colored pubescent 102. A. speciosa
28b. Middle cauline leaves 1.5--4 X 0.5--2.5 cm, lobules less then 20 X 1.5 mm, tomentose or pubescent; capitula 3--4(--5) mm in diam., dense in branches and in dense paniculate inflorescences, involucral bracts brown, dark-yellow pubescent.
29a. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatsect, incanous or yellowish tomentose 95. A. cambellii
29b. Middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect, incanous or yellowish pubescent, sparse adaxially.
30a. Middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, lobules elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 2--3 X 1.5 mm; involucral bracts brown-yellow tomentose ..................... 98. A. comaiensis
30b. Middle cauline leaves petiolate, lobules elliptic-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 3--5 X 1.5 mm, involucral bracts incanous pubescent .............................. 96. A. yongii
27b. Involucral bracts incanous pubescent, or glabrescent and glabrous.
31a. Basal leaves 6--14 cm, 2-(or 3-)pinnatisect, middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect, lobules 10--15 X 1--4 mm, sparsely tomentose or pubescent adaxially, densely incanous or yellowish pubescent or arachnoid-tomentose abaxially; involucral bracts pubescent or glabrous.
32a. Capitula ovoid-campanulate or ovoid, involucral bracts brown, glabrescent 110. A. taibaishanensis
32b. Capitula subglobose, involucral bracts not brown, pubescent.
33a. Lowermost leaves elliptic, 6--10 X 2--3 cm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect or partite 91. A. moorcroftiana
33b. Lowermost leaves oblong or oblong-ovate, 8--11 X 6--7 cm, 2-pinnatisect 103. A. sinensis
31b. Basal leaves less than 6 cm, 2-pinnatisect or -partite, lobules less than 1 cm, leaves and involucral bracts pubescent or not; if basal leaves more than 7 cm, leaves and involucral bracts sericeous-pubescent or glabrescent, and lobules lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, ca. 2 mm wide.
34a. Leaves and involucral bracts sericeous-pubescent, glabrescent, lobules lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, (2--)3--4 mm wide; capitula with pedicel 2--2.5 mm, in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences ........................................................ 105. A. somai
34b. Leaves and involucral bracts densely white or yellowish tomentose or arachnoid-tomentose, lobules serrate, obtuse; capitula +/- sessile, in spicate-paniculate inflorescences.
35a. Leaves pubescent adaxially, densely yellowish tomentose abaxially; segments of middle cauline leaves with 1 or 2 pairs of elliptic, serrate lobules 99. A. orientalihengduangensis
35b. Leaves white tomentose or glabrous, segments of middle cauline leaves with 1 or 2 pairs of elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate lobules or serrate ............... 93. A. tainingensis
24b. Capitula ellipsoid, oblong, ovoid, or ovoid-oblong, 1.5--3(--3.5) in diam.
36a. Middle cauline leaves with 4--6 pairs of segments.
37a. Stem and branches densely intermixed incanous and yellowish long pubescent and tomentose 92. A. abaensis
37b. Stem and branches not as above.
38a. Branchlets, leaves, and involucral bracts arachnoid-tomentose; capitula 2--3(--3.5) mm in diam.
39a. Lobules of middle cauline leaves linear or linear-lanceolate; capitula densely spicate in branches and in narrow or broad paniculate inflorescences .... 66. A. vulgaris
39b. Lobules of middle cauline leaves elliptic, oblong, or serrate; capitula 10-20 in branches and in broad paniculate inflorescences, or capitula several, in narrow paniculate inflorescences in upper stem or capitula axillary, in narrow paniculate inflorescences.
40a. Capitula in sparse spicate inflorescences in branchlets, leafy bracts minute, linear or linear-lanceolate .................................................................... 72. A. qinlingensis
40b. Capitula axillary in branches or branchlets, leafy bracts obvious, elliptic 73. A. phyllobotrys
38b. Branchlets and involucral bracts glabrescent, leaves arachnoid-tomentose abaxially or intermixed with deciduous hairs; capitula 1.5--2(--2.5) mm in diam.
41a. Middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect; capitula sparse in branchlets and in broad paniculate inflorescences.
42a. Lobules of leaves elliptic-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate; capitula 1.5--2 mm in diam., in broad paniculate inflorescences ...................................... 77. A. divaricata
42b. Lobules of leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate; capitula 2(--2.5) mm in diam., in mid-broadly paniculate inflorescences ....................................... 108. A. fulgens
41b. Middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect; capitula dense in branches and branchlets, in narrow paniculate inflorescences.
43a. Plant glabrescent; lobules of leaves minute, elliptic, 3--4 mm 94. A. orientalixizangensis
43b. Plant tomentose, leaves arachnoid-tomentose abaxially; lobules of leaves linear-lanceolate, 5--8 mm ....................................................................... 97. A. jilongensis
36b. Middle cauline leaves with 1--3, rarely mixed -4 pairs of segments, latter with densely arachnoid-pubescent involucral bracts.
44a. Involucral bracts arachnoid-tomentose or pubescent.
45a. Middle cauline leaves 2-, rarely 1 or 2-pinnatisect, lobules linear, linear-lanceolate, or lanceolate, acute apically.
46a. Middle cauline leaves with (2 or)3(or 4) pairs of segments; capitula numerous, 2--3 mm in diam., in broad paniculate inflorescences ..................... 68. A. roxburghiana
46b. Middle cauline leaves with 2 or 3 pairs of segments, capitula numerous, 1.5--2 mm in diam., in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences .............. 74. A. mongolica
45b. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or 1-pinnatisect, lobules elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, rarely linear-lanceolate, latter obtuse apically.
47a. Middle cauline leaves 10--15 X 8--10 mm, 1-pinnatipartite, segments 1 or 2 pairs, incanous puberulous adaxially and densely tomentose abaxially; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences ................................................................. 70. A. nujianensis
47b. Middle cauline leaves more than 15 X 10 mm, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or 1-pinnatisect, segments 2 or 3(or 4), green puberulous or sparsely arachnoid-tomentose or glabrescent adaxially, densely arachnoid-tomentose; capitula in narrow or broad paniculate inflorescences.
48a. Branches more than 20 cm; middle cauline leaves with 2 or 3 pairs of segments, lobes and lobules obtuse apically, petiole tomentose at base; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences; involucral bracts densely arachnoid-pubescent, brown at center 67. A. yunnanensis
48b. Branches less than 10 cm, middle cauline leaves with 3(or 4) pairs of segments; petiole not tomentose at base; capitula in narrow or mid-broadly paniculate inflorescence; involucral bracts puberulous, not brown at center.
49a. Leaves arachnoid-tomentose, lowermost leaves elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 2-pinnatipartite or -sect, middle cauline leaves 1-pinnatisect, with 2 or 3(or 4) pairs of lobules; capitula in narrow and dense paniculate inflorescences at upper stem 69. A. leucophylla
49b. Leaves arachnoid-pubescent, glabrescent, leaf blade of lowermost leaves ovate, suborbicular, or broadly ovate, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite, middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatipartite or -sect, with 3(or 4) pairs of segments; capitula in sparse midbroad or narrow paniculate inflorescences ................................ 75. A. verbenacea
44b. Involucral bracts glabrous or glabrescent or sparsely pubescent or arachnoid-pubescent.
50a. Middle cauline leaves elliptic or oblong, 1(or 2)-pinnatipartite, segments (2 or) 3 or 4 pairs, elliptic, acuminate, 1- or 2-serrate, base attenuate; capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences ....................................................................................... 86. A. brachyphylla
50b. Middle cauline leaves not as above; capitula in broad or midbroad or narrow paniculate inflorescences.
51a. Capitula numerous, subglobose or ovoid 1.5--2.5 mm in diam., in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences ................................................... 110. A. sylvatica
51b. Capitula numerous, oblong or ellipsoid, (1.5--)2--3 mm in diam., in narrow or midbroad, rarely broad paniculate inflorescences.
52a. Capitulate branchlets without leafy bracts; middle cauline leaves palmately 3- or 5-lobed, or entire, lobes and entire leaves linear, linear-lanceolate, or elliptic, margin usually serrate or entire .......................................................................... 106. A. selengensis
52b. Capitulate branchlets with leafy bracts; leaves divided, not as above, margin usually serrate.
53a. Middle cauline leaves (1- or)2-pinnatisect, segments lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, or linear, 2--6(--10) mm wide; capitula dense and spicate at branchlets, and in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences .................................. 76. A. rubripes
53b. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect or -partite or -cleft, segments not as above; capitula spreading at branchlets, and in midbroad or broad or narrow paniculate inflorescences.
54a. Leaves 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or -sect, lateral segments larger than basal segments, segments alternate at rachis, parted or cleft, lobules usually 2- or 3-serrate 81. A. incisa
54b. Leaves 1- or 2-pinnatesect, distal segments larger than lateral segments or basal segments larger than lateral segments, segments opposite at rachis, 1- or 2-serrate or not.
55a. Segments of middle cauline leaves 3(or 4) pairs, distal lobe larger than lateral lobes, lateral lobes 1- or 2-partite; capitula erect or +/- nodding, in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences ................................................ 78. A. indica
55b. Segments in middle cauline leaves 2(or 3) pairs, distal lobe longer than lateral lobes, basal lobes larger than lateral lobes, lobes entire or rarely 1- or 2-serrate; capitula nodding, in midbroad paniculate inflorescences ........... 79. A. princeps
Artemisia vulgaris Linnaeus var. stolonifera Maximowicz, Prim. Fl. Amur. 161. 1859; A. integrifolia Linnaeus var. stolonifera Pampanini; A. koidzumi Nakai var. laciniata (Nakai) Kitamura; A. koidzumi var. manchurica Pampanini; A. megalobobotrys Nakai; A. migoana Kitamura; A. vulgaris Linnaeus var. kiusiana Makino.
Herbs perennial, 50--120 cm tall, sparsely incanous arachnoid-pubescent or glabrescent. Leaves +/- sessile, glandular punctate adaxially. Basal and lowermost leaves entire, serrate. Middle cauline leaves obovate-elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or ovate, 6--12 X 4--7 cm, attenuate basally, 2- or 3-cleft or -partite, acute apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts ovate, ovate-elliptic, or linear-lanceolate, serrate or entire. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or oblong, 3--4 mm in diam.; involucral bracts arachnoid-pubescent. Pistillate florets 10--12. Bisexual florets 12--15. Achenes oblong or ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Nov. 2n = 36.
Forest margins, roadsides, slopes, canyons, forest steppe; low elevations. Anhui, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shandong, Shanxi [Japan, Korea, Russia (Far East)].
Herbs perennial or subshrubs, 80--150(--250) cm tall, strongly aromatic, with numerous lateral roots, shortly branched apically, incanous arachnoid-pubescent. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 2--3 mm; leaf blade ovate, triangle-ovate, or subrhombic, 5--8 X 4--7 cm, incanous pubescent and white glandular punctate adaxially, densely incanous arachnoid-tomentose, 1(or 2)-pinnatipartite or -cleft; segments 2 or 3 pairs, usually serrate, attenuate basally; veins prominent abaxially. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatipartite, 3-partite, -fid, or entire; bracts elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, or lanceolate. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid, 2.5--3(--3.5) mm in diam.; involucral bracts arachnoid-pubescent. Pistillate florets 6--10. Bisexual florets 8--12. Achenes ovoid-oblong or oblong. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 36.
Waste places, roadsides, slopes, hills, steppe, forest steppe; low elevations to 1500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
1a. Middle cauline leaves pinnatifid .................................................................. 56a. var. argyi
1b. Middle cauline leaves pinnatipartite ......................................................... 56b. var. gracilis
Artemisia argyi H. Léveillé & Vaniot var. incana Pampanini incl. forms; A. handel-mazzetii Pampanini; A. leucophylla Komarov; A. nutans Nakai; A. nutantiflora Nakai; A. princeps Pampanini var. candicans Pampanini; A. vulgaris Linnaeus var. incana Maximowicz; A. vulgaris var. incanescens Franchet.
Middle cauline leaves pinnatifid.
Waste places, roadsides, slopes, hills, steppe, forest steppe; low elevations to 1500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
Used in making important antiphlogistic, detoxifying, and hemostatic drugs.
Name??
Artemisia argyi f. gracilis (Pampanini) Kitagawa.
Middle cauline leaves pinnatipartite.
Distribution, habitat, and uses same as var. argyi.
Artemisia vulgaris Linnaeus var. gilvescens (Miquel) Nakai; A. vulgaris var. latifolia Tanaka.
Herbs perennial, 80--150 cm tall, brownish pubescent. Middle cauline leaves +/- sessile; leaf blade oblong or ovate-elliptic, 6--7(--10) X 3--4.5(--6) cm, glandular punctate, abaxially densely arachnoid-tomentose, adaxially sparsely arachnoid-tomentose or glabrescent, 3-, rarely 5-lobed; distal lobes elliptic, 3--4 X 1--1.5 cm, entire or 1- or 2-serrate, acuminate apically. Lowermost leaves and leafy bracts elliptic. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, oblong, 2.5--3 mm in diam., shortly pedicellate; involucral bracts sparsely arachnoid-pubescent. Pistillate florets 5--8. Bisexual florets 7--13. Achenes ellipsoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
Roadsides, shrublands, forest margins; low elevations. Anhui, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan [Japan].
Used medicinally.
Artemisia burmanica Pampanini f. latifolia Pampanini [replaced name]; A. dubia Wallich ex Besser var. longiracemulosa Pampanini f. tonkinensis Pampanini.
Subshrubs 150--200 cm tall or more, densely incanous or yellowish pubescent, or glabrescent. Lowermost leaves ovate, 7--12 X 5--6 cm, pinnatipartite or -cleft; segments 2(or 3) pairs, oblong or oblong-elliptic, rarely 1- or 2-serrate. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 4--10 mm; leaf blade 3-, rarely 5-lobed, distal lobes elliptic, 6--10 X 1.5--3 cm, lateral lobes 15--25 X 5--8 mm, acuminate and mucronulate apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts entire. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, numerous, oblong or ovoid-oblong, 1.5--2.5(--3) mm, nodding; involucral bracts sparsely pubescent or glabrescent. Pistillate florets 5--7. Bisexual florets 12--16. Achenes oblong. Fl. & fr. Sep-Dec or Mar.
Savannas, slopes, shrublands, forest margins, canyons; 800--2300 m. S & SW Yunnan [N India, N Myanmar, N Thailand, N Vietnam].
Artemisia araneosa Kitamura; A. clemensiana Pampanini; A. codonocephala Diels; A. dubia Hara; A. grisea Pampanini; A. lavandulaefolia de Candolle var. maximowiczii Pampanini; A. lavandulaefolia var. pekinensis Pampanini; A. leucophylla Kitagawa; A. selengensis Turczaninow ex Besser var. umbrosa Ledebour; A. tristis Pampanini; A. umbrosa (Besser) Turczaninow ex de Candolle; A. vulgaris Linnaeus var. umbrosa Turczaninow ex Besser.
Herbs perennial or shrubs, 50--120 cm tall, incanous arachnoid-pubescent. Leaves densely tomentose abaxially, white glandular punctate and sparsely arachnoid-pubescent adaxially. Basal and lowermost leaves long petiolate; leaf blade ovate or suborbicular, 8--13 X 7--8 cm, 2-pinnatisect. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 1--2(--3) cm; leaf blade ovate, ovate-elliptic, or suborbicular, 6--8 X 5--7 cm, (1 or)2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs, 30--50(--70) X 5--7(--9) mm; lobules 2 or 3 pairs, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, serrate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect or 3-lobed or entire; lobes or entire bracts linear-lanceolate or lanceolate. Capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences, numerous, ellipsoid or oblong, 2--2.5 mm in diam., pedicellate or +/- sessile; involucral bracts densely arachnoid-tomentose. Pistillate florets 4--9. Bisexual florets 10--20; corolla limb purple. Achenes oblong or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
Roadsides, forest margins, slopes, steppe, canyons, river banks or lakesides, brushlands; 400--3000 m. Anhui, Gansu, N Guangdong, N Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Yunnan [Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
Used medicinally.
Artemisia dubia Pampanini; A. dubia var. legitima Pampanini cum forms; A. dubia var. orientalis Pampanini; A. mongolica Chang; A. verlotorum Lamotte var. lobata Pampanini.
Herbs perennial, 50--100 cm tall, pubescent, later glabrescent. Leaves densely incanous tomentose abaxially, white glandular punctate adaxially. Basal and lowermost leaves shortly petiolate; leaf blade ovate, 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Middle cauline leaves +/- sessile; leaf blade ovate or broadly ovate, 5--10(--13) X 3--8 cm, 1(or 2)-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 30--50 X 3--5 mm. Uppermost leaves 3- or 5-lobed; leafy bracts lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate. Capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid or oblong-ellipsoid, 2--2.5 mm in diam., sessile; involucral bracts glabrescent. Pistillate florets 3--6. Bisexual florets 8--18. Achenes obovoid or oblong. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 16, 54.
Hills, roadsides, waste areas; sea level to 2000 m. Anhui, Fujian, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, S Nei Mongol, S Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [E, S & SE Asia, C, E & W Europe, North America, South America, Oceania].
Used medicinally.
61. Artemisia kanashiroi Kitamura, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 12: 147. 1943.
Herbs perennial, 25--60 cm tall, densely arachnoid-tomentose, or glabrescent or sparsely tomentose later. Leaves densely arachnoid-tomentose abaxially, white glandular punctate and sparsely pubescent adaxially. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--40 mm; leaf blades suborbicular or broadly ovate, 3--4 X 3--4 cm, 1(or 2)-pinnatisect; segments (1 or)2 or 3 pairs, linear or linear-lanceolate, 10--20(--40) X 1--2(--4) mm. Uppermost leaves 3--5-lobed; leafy bracts 3-lobed or entire. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, oblong or oblong-ovoid, 2--2.5(--3) mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely incanous arachnoid-tomentose. Pistillate florets 3--6. Bisexual florets 6--10. Achenes oblong or oblong-ovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Roadsides, slopes, waste areas; low elevations to 2300 m. E Gansu, W Hebei, S Nei Mongol, Ningxia, NE Qinghai, N Shaanxi, Shanxi.
Artemisia burmanica Y. R. Ling.
Herbs perennial, 80--100 cm or more tall, pubescent. Leaves densely incanous arachnoid-pubescent abaxially, white glandular punctate and sparsely pubescent adaxially. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 1.5--3 cm; leaf blade broadly ovate or ovate, 6--8 X 5--8 cm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, subrhombic or ovate-elliptic, 3--4 X 1.5--2.5 cm, parted; lobules elliptic, linear-lanceolate, or lanceolate, 10--25 X 3--5 mm, obtuse apically; rachis winged. Distal leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect or 3--5-lobed. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, numerous, subglobose or ovoid, 1--2 mm in diam., nodding; involucral bracts sparsely pubescent. Pistillate florets 5--6. Bisexual florets 6--8. Achenes oblong or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Sep-Dec.
* Forest margins, slopes, scrub; ca. 2700 m. NW Yunnan.
Subshrubs 50--200 cm, yellowish pubescent. Leaves densely incanous tomentose abaxially but sparsely pubescent on veins, glandular punctate and sparsely puberulous adaxially. Basal and lowermost leaves shortly petiolate; leaf blade ovate or broadly ovate, 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Middle cauline leaves broadly ovate, 6--11 X 3--9 cm, pinnatipartite; segments 2, rarely 1 pair, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 30--60 X 3--6(--10) mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid, 2--2.5 mm; involucral bracts sparsely pubescent. Pistillate florets 5--6. Bisexual florets 10--13. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Forest margins, riversides, waste areas, slopes; 1600--3000 m. W Guangxi, Guizhou, S Qinghai, Sichuan, E Xizang, Yunnan.
??
Artemisia velutina f. foliosa Pampanini.
Herbs perennial, 60--100 cm tall, pubescent. Leaves glandular punctate and sparsely pubescent adaxially and densely incanous or yellowish tomentose, except on veins, mixed pubescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--10(--15) mm. Lowermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or -sect. Middle cauline leaves ovate or elliptic-ovate, 4--6 X 2--3 cm, 1(or 2)-pinnatipartite or -cleft, rarely -sect; segments 2 or 3 pairs, various, lanceolate, oblong, or elliptic, 10--20 X 5--12 mm, serrate or entire. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts elliptic or lanceolate. Capitula solitary or 2--7 in groups at branches, in narrow paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid, 1.5--2 mm; involucral bracts sparsely pubescent. Pistillate florets 8--10. Bisexual florets 10--15. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Sep-Nov.
* Slopes, roadsides; low to middle elevations. Anhui, Fujian, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, SE Xizang, Yunnan.
Artemisia feddei H. Léveillé & Vaniot; A. lavandulaefolia Miquel; A. lavandulaefolia var. feddei (H. Léveillé & Vaniot) Pampanini incl. forms & subforms; A. minutiflora Nakai; A. vulgaris Linnaeus var. maximowiczii Nakai; A. vulgaris var. parviflora Matsumara.
Herbs perennial, 80--150 cm tall, sparsely arachnoid-pubescent, or glabrescent. Leaves densely incanous or yellowish arachnoid-pubescent abaxially, glandular punctate and sparsely arachnoid-puberulous, or glabrescent adaxially. Basal and lowermost leaves shortly petiolate; leaf blade ovate, 3--5(--6) X 2.5--4(--5) cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; lobules linear-lanceolate or linear, 3--6 X 2--3 mm. Middle cauline leaves +/- sessile; leaf blade ovate-elliptic, ovate-orbicular, or suborbicular, 15--25 X 1--2 mm, margin revolute, apex acute. Uppermost and leafy bracts 3--5-lobed or entire; lobes or entire bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in broad, midbroad, or narrow dense paniculate inflorescences, numerous, ovoid or ellipsoid-ovoid, 1--1.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely pubescent, later glabrescent. Pistillate florets 1--3. Bisexual florets 2--5. Achenes oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Forest margins, roadsides, slopes, dry fields, waste areas; 300--1700 m. Anhui, Fujian, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, S Nei Mongol, S Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Japan, Korea, E Russia].
Used medicinally.
Herbs perennial, (45--)60--160 cm tall, sparsely pubescent. Lowermost leaves shortly petiolate; leaf blade densely incanous arachnoid tomentose abaxially, sparsely arachnoid- puberulous or glabrescent adaxially, 2-pinnatisect. Middle cauline leaves +/- sessile; leaf blade elliptic, ovate-elliptic, suborbicular, or ovate-orbicular, 3--10(--15) X 1.5--6(--10) cm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect or -partite; segments (3 or)4 or 5, elliptic-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 3--5 X 1--1.5 cm, few serrate or not; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves pinnatipartite; leafy bracts 3-lobed or entire; lobes or entire bracts lanceolate. Capitula in dense narrow or broad paniculate inflorescences, oblong, 2.5--3(--3.5) mm; involucral bracts densely arachnoid pubescent. Pistillate florets 7--10. Bisexual florets 8--20. Achenes obovoid or ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 16, 16 + 1b, 18, 24, 36, 40, 45, 54.
Roadsides, slopes, canyons, forest margins, forest steppe, subalpine steppe; 100--3800 m. W Gansu, Qinghai, Shaanxi (Qinling), W Sichuan, Xinjiang, E Xizang [Afghanistan, Japan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, Thailand; Africa, SW Asia, Europe, North America].
1a. Plant taller than 100 cm; middle cauline leaves elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or -sect; capitula in narrow dense paniculate inflorescences .................................. 66a. var. vulgaris
1b. Plant smaller than 100 cm; middle cauline leaves suborbicular or ovate-orbicular; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences .................................................................. 66b. var. xizangensis
Artemisia obscura Pampanini; A. samamisica Besser; A. superba Pampanini; A. vulgaris Linnaeus var. coarctica Forbes ex Besser; A. vulgaris var. latifolia Fischer ex Besser; A. vulgaris var. vulgatissima Besser.
Plant usually more than 100 cm tall. Middle cauline leaves elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or -sect. Capitula in dense narrow paniculate inflorescences.
Roadsides, slopes, canyons, forest margins, forest steppe, subalpine steppe; 1500--2100 m. W Gansu, Qinghai, Shaanxi (Qinling), W Sichuan, Xinjiang [Afghanistan, Japan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, Thailand; Africa, SW Asia, Europe, North America].
Plant usually 60--80 cm tall. Middle cauline leaves suborbicular or ovate-orbicular. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences.
* 3500--3800 m. E Xizang.
Artemisia igniaria Maximowicz var. yunnanensis (Jeffrey) Pampanini; A. jeffreyana H. Léveillé.
Subshrubs 50--90 cm tall, much branched, incanous sericeous-pubescent, later sparsely pubescent. Leaves densely incanous arachnoid-tomentose abaxially, white glandular punctate and incanous pubescent adaxially. Petiole of lowermost leaves 3--5 cm, 1--4 cm in middle cauline leaves, tomentose at petiole base. Lowermost leaves ovate, 2-pinnatisect or -partite; segments 2 or 3 pairs, oblong or ovate-elliptic, pinnatipartite; lobules 2 pairs, oblong, obtuse apically. Middle leaves ovate or obovate-attenuate, 5--7 X 3--6 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect or partite; segments 2 or 3 pairs, ovate-elliptic or oblong, 2--4 X 1.5--3.5 cm, obtuse and mucronulate apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3--5-partite or entire; lobes or entire lobes oblong or ovate-oblong. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, oblong or ovoid-ellipsoid, 2--2.5(--3) mm in diam., solitary or 2 or 3 grouped, with obvious bracteoles and arachnoid-pubescent. Pistillate florets 7--13. Bisexual florets 8--15. Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Dry and hot canyons, shrublands and coniferous forest margins; low elevations to 3700 m. S Qinghai, W Sichuan, Xizang, NW Yunnan.
Subshrubs 50--120 cm tall, arachnoid-pubescent. Leaves densely arachnoid-tomentose abaxially, sparsely pubescent and glandular punctate, or glabrescent adaxially. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1.5--2(--3) cm; leaf blades ovate or oblong-elliptic, 6--10 X 4--6 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments (2 or)3 or 4 pairs, elliptic or oblong; lateral lobes with 1--3 pairs of lobules; lobules lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, 0.5--1.5 X 2--2.5 mm; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect or 3--5-lobed or entire; lobes or entire bracts linear-lanceolate or lanceolate. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid, subglobose or semiglobose, rarely oblong, 2--3 mm in diam.; involucral bracts purple or incanous arachnoid-pubescent. Pistillate florets 5--7. Bisexual florets 10--20; corolla limb yellow or purple. Achenes obovoid or oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 18, 36.
Roadsides, slopes, dry canyons, grasslands, waste areas, terraces; 700--3900 m. S Gansu, Guizhou, W Hubei, Qinghai, S Shaanxi, W Sichuan, Yunnan, Xizang [Afghanistan, N India, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand].
1a. Involucral bracts incanous arachnoid-pubescent ............................ 68a. var. roxburghiana
1b. Involucral bracts purple, sparsely arachnoid-pubescent ................. 68b. var. purpurascens
Artemisia dubia Wallich ex Besser var. jacquemontiana Pampanini, p.p.; A. eriocephala Pampanini; A. hypoleuca Edgeworth; A. indica Willdenow var. exilis Pampanini; A. revoluta Edgeworth; A. roxburghiana Besser var. acutiloba Pampanini cum forms; A. roxburghiana var. kansuensis Pampanini; A. strongylocephala Pampanini.
Involucral bracts incanous arachnoid-pubescent.
Roadsides, slopes, dry canyons, grasslands, waste areas, terraces; 700--3900 m. S Gansu, Guizhou, W Hubei, Qinghai, S Shaanxi, W Sichuan, Yunnan, Xizang [Afghanistan, N India, Nepal, Thailand].
Artemisia purpurascens Jacquemont ex Besser, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, n.s., 9: 60. 1836; A. strongylocephala Pampanini, p.p.
Involucral bracts purple, sparsely arachnoid-pubescent.
Dry canyons, grasslands; 2000--3800 m. W Sichuan, Xizang [N India, Nepal, Pakistan].
Artemisia vulgaris Linnaeus var. leucophylla Turczaninow ex Besser, Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 3: 54. 1834; A. leucophylla (Turczaninow ex Besser) C. B. Clarke; A. leucophylla var. pusilla Pampanini, incl. forms; A. mongolica (Fischer ex Besser) Nakai var. krascheninnikovii Pampanini; A. mongolica var. leucophylla (Turczaninow ex Besser) W. Wang & H. R. Ho; A. obscura Pampanini var. rigida Pampanini; A. vulgaris Linnaeus var. kamtschatica Besser; A. vulgaris var. minor Ledebour.
Herbs perennial, 40--70 cm tall, arachnoid-pubescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1--2 cm; leaf blades densely incanous arachnoid-tomentose abaxially, sparsely arachnoid-pubescent and glandular punctate adaxially. Lowermost leaves elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 5--8 X 4--7 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or -sect; segments 3(or 4) pairs, various, rhombic, elliptic, or oblong; lobules minute, 5--10 X 4--5 mm. Middle cauline and uppermost leaves pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3(or 4) pairs; lobes linear-lanceolate, linear, elliptic-lanceolate, or lanceolate, 10--15 X 2--3 mm; leafy bracts 3--5-sect or entire. Capitula in +/- dense narrow paniculate inflorescences, oblong or ovoid, 2.5--3.5(--4) mm in diam.; involucral bracts arachnoid-pubescent. Pistillate florets 5--8. Bisexual 6--13. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 18.
Slopes, roadsides, forest margins, grasslands, river banks, lakeshores; low elevations to 4000 m. Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan [Korea, Mongolia, Russia (W Siberia)].
Artemisia yunnanensis Jeffrey ex Diels var. nujianensis Ling & Y. R. Ling, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18: 505. 1980.
Subshrubs 10--20 cm tall, incanous pubescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 7--10 mm; leaf blades ovate, oblong, or suborbicular, 10--15 X 8--10 mm, densely tomentose abaxially, incanous pubescent adaxially, pinnatipartite; segments 1 or 2 pairs, elliptic or oblong, 3--4 X 2 mm, 1- or 2-serrate, obtuse apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3-partite or -cleft, or entire; lobes or entire bracts oblong or elliptic. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or subglobose, 2--2.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely arachnoid pubescent. Pistillate florets 7--9. Bisexual 10--14. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Nov.
* River valleys, brushlands; 2200--2300. E Xizang, E Yunnan.
Artemisia strongylocephala Pampanini var. sinensis Pampanini f. robusta Pampanini, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 34: 178. 1927; A. dubia Wallich ex Besser var. myriantha Pampanini.
Subshrubs 100--130(--200) cm tall, yellowish pubescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1--3.5 cm; leaf blades ovate or broadly ovate, 6--22 X 5.5--18 cm, abaxially densely arachnoid-pubescent, adaxially sparsely pubescent or glabrescent, glandular-punctate, 1(or 2)-pinnatipartite; segments 2 or 3 pairs, elliptic or long-elliptic, rarely elliptic-lanceolate, 4--13 X 2--4 cm, 1--5-serrate; rachis winged. Uppermost leaves pinnatipartite; leafy bracts 3--5-lobed or entire; lobes or entire leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or ovoid-campanulate, 3.5--5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts arachnoid-pubescent, or glabrescent. Pistillate florets 8--13. Bisexual florets 13--26. Achenes oblong or oblong-ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Slopes, roadsides, shrublands, canyons; 1600--3500. W Sichuan, Xizang, NW Yunnan.
Herbs perennial, 80--150 cm tall, yellowish or incanous arachnoid-tomentose, later sparsely tomentose or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--15 mm; leaf blades elliptic, oblong, or ovate-elliptic, 6--8(--10) X 4--6 cm, abaxially densely arachnoid tomentose, adaxially sparsely arachnoid-tomentose and glandular punctate, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4--6 pairs, 2.5--3.5 X 1.5--2.5 cm; lobules 3--5 pairs, deeply serrate, obtuse or rounded; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts ovate, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite, 3--5-partite, or entire. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, oblong or nearly ovoid, 3--3.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts arachnoid-tomentose. Pistillate florets 10--15. Bisexual florets 15--25. Achenes obovoid or ellipsoid-obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Slopes, roadsides, forest margins; 1300--1500 m. E Gansu, SW Henan, S Shaanxi.
Artemisia strongylocephala Pampanini var. phyllobotrys Handel-Mazzetti, Acta Hort. Gothob. 12: 278. 1838.
Herbs perennial or nearly subshrubs, 50--100(--150) cm tall, with thick stock, arachnoid-pubescent or glabrescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, abaxially densely arachnoid-tomentose, adaxially sparsely incanous arachnoid-pubescent. Middle leaves oblong-ovate, 2--5.5 X 1--3.5 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, 10--20 X 5--15 mm; lobules 1 or 2 pairs, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 3--10 X 1.5--3 mm, obtuse apically; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, oblong or obovoid-oblong, 2--2.5(--3) mm in diam., with obvious leafy bracts at base; involucral bracts incanous arachnoid-pubescent. Pistillate florets 4--8. Bisexual florets 10--14. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Alpine steppe, shrublands, waste slopes; 3000--3900 m. S Qinghai, W Sichuan.
Artemisia vulgaris Linnaeus var. mongolica Fischer ex Besser, Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 3: 53. 1834 [check this, IK has A. mongolica here??]; A. mongolica subsp. orientalis Kitagawa, p.p.; A. mongolica var. krascheninnikovii Pampanini, cum forms; A. mongolica var. tenuifolia Pampanini; A. obscura Pampanini; A. obscura var. congesta Pampanini, p.p.; A. obscura var. regina Pampanini; A. obscura var. tenuifolia Pampanini; A. rubripes Kitagawa, p.p.; A. vulgaris var. coarctica Fors. ex Besser; A. vulgaris var. tenuifolia Turts. ex Besser.
Herbs perennial, 40--120 cm tall, sparsely arachnoid-pubescent. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 5--20 mm; leaf blade ovate, suborbicular, or elliptic-ovate, abaxially densely arachnoid-tomentose, adaxially sparsely incanous arachnoid-pubescent, 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs; lobules lanceolate, linear, or linear-lanceolate, acute apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts ovate or elliptic-ovate, pinnatisect or 3- or 5-sect. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts incanous arachnoid-pubescent. Pistillate florets 5--10. Bisexual florets 8--15. Achenes obovoid-oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 16, 18.
Slopes, shrublands, river banks, lakeshores, roadsides, steppe, forest steppe, dry valleys; low elevations to 2000 m. Anhui, N Fujian, Gansu, N Guangdong, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan].
Artemisia vulgaris Linnaeus var. verbenacea Komarov, Fl. Manshur. 3: 673. 1907; A. liaotungensis Kitagawa; A. mongolica (Fischer ex Besser) Nakai var. verbenacea (Komarov) Pampanini; A. obscura Pampanini var. congesta Pampanini; A. princeps Pampanini var. candicans Pampanini.
Herbs perennial, 30--70 cm tall, with capitate branches, incanous arachnoid-tomentose, later loosely tomentose or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1--2 cm; leaf blades ovate, suborbicular, or broadly ovate. Lowermost leaves (1.5--)2--4(--6) X 1.5--4 cm, 1- or 2-pinnapartite, rarely -sect; segments 2 or 3(or 4) pairs. Middle cauline leaves 2--5 X 2--4 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 3, rarely 4 pairs; lobules elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, rarely linear-lanceolate, (3--)5--10 X 1.5--2.5 mm, obtuse apically. Uppermost leaves pinnatisect; segments 2 pairs; leafy bracts 3--5-sect. Capitula dense initially, lax later in branches, in midbroad or narrow paniculate inflorescences, oblong or oblong-ovoid, 2--2.5(--3) mm in diam. Pistillate florets 5--8. Bisexual florets 8--20; corolla limb purple. Achenes oblong or obovoid-ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Slopes, roadsides, river banks, lakeshores; 2200--3500 m. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, S Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan.
Used medicinally.
Artemisia mongolica (Fischer ex Besser) Nakai var. parviflora (Maximowicz) Kitagawa; A. mongolica var. pseudo-vulgaris Pampanini; A. nipponica Pampanini var. rubripes Pampanini; A. venusta Pampanini; A. vulgaris Linnaeus var. maximowiczii Nakai; A. vulgaris var. parviflora Maximowicz.
Herbs perennial, 75--180 cm tall, puberulous or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--10 mm or more; leaf blades +/- glabrous adaxially and densely incanous arachnoid-tomentose. Lowermost leaves suborbicular, 2-pinnatisect. Middle cauline leaves ovate, elliptic-ovate, or broadly ovate, 7--13 X 4--10 cm, (1 or)2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs, lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, or linear, 20--40 X 2--6(--10) cm; lobules 2 or 3 pairs, serrate. Uppermost leaves pinnatisect; leafy bracts 3--5-sect. Capitula dense in branches and in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid-ovoid or oblong-ovoid, 1--1.5(--2) mm in diam.; involucral bracts arachnoid-puberulous or +/- glabrescent. Pistillate florets 9--10. Bisexual florets 12--14. Achenes narrowly ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 16, 18.
Waste areas, grassy slopes, forest steppe, shrublands, roadsides, river banks, meadows, forests; low elevations to 1200 m. Anhui, N Fujian, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, N Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, E Nei Mongol, Shanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
Artemisia roxburghiana Besser var. divaricata Pampanini, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 36: 431. 1930; A. vulgaris Mattfeld.
Herbs perennial, 80--120(--150) cm tall, incanous pubescent or glabrescent. Leaves pubescent and glabrescent adaxially, densely yellowish pubescent and incanous arachnoid tomentose, latter persistent. Lowermost leaves long petiolate; leaf blade 2-pinnatisect; segments 4 pairs. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 1--1.5 cm; leaf blade ovate or elliptic-ovate, 4--5 X 3.5--5 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4(or 5) pairs, ovate, 15--25 X 5--15 mm; lobules 3 or 4 pairs, elliptic-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 10--15(--2) X 1.5--2.5 mm. Uppermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect; leafy bracts pinnatisect. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, oblong or oblong-ovoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 3--5. Bisexual florets 4--8. Achenes oblong or ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Hills, slopes, roadsides; 2000--3400. W Hubei, N & W Sichuan, W Yunnan.
Herbs perennial or subshrubs, 80--150 cm tall, much branched, sparsely puberulous or glabrescent. Leaves shortly petiolate or +/- sessile; leaf blade densely incanous arachnoid tomentose abaxially, incanous or yellowish tomentose or glabrescent adaxially. Lowermost leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, (1 or)2-pinnatipartite; distal lobes larger; segments 3 or 4 pairs, winged at midvein. Middle cauline leaves ovate, oblong-ovate, or elliptic, 5--8 X 3--5 cm, (1 or)2-pinnatipartite; segments 3(or 4) pairs; distal lobe larger; lobes elliptic-lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, or linear, 10--20 X 3--5 mm; lobules deeply serrate, acute or acuminate apically. Uppermost leaves pinnatipartite; leafy bracts 3-lobed or entire. Capitula in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid, oblong-ovoid, or broadly ovoid; involucral bracts puberulous or glabrescent. Pistillate florets 4--8. Bisexual florets 8--12. Achenes oblong or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 34@, 36.
Roadsides, forest margins, slopes, shrublands; low elevations to 2000 m. Anhui, Fujian, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, S Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, SE Nei Mongol, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, SE Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [E, S & SE Asia, North America including Central America, Oceania].
1a. Branches 10--15(--20) cm; leaves densely arachnoid-tomentose, lobules acute apically, narrowly winged at midvein; capitula in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences ............ 78a. var. indica
1b. Branches 15--25 cm; leaves sparsely arachnoid-tomentose or glabrescent abaxially, lobules acuminate or mucronulate apically, winged at midvein; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences 78b. var. elegantissima
Artemisia asiatica Nakai ex Pampanini; A. dubia Pampanini, quoad pl. Austr.-Or. Asiatic.; A. dubia Pampanini var. acuminata Pampanini; A. dubia var. compacta Pampanini; A. dubia var. gracilis Pampanini, cum forms; A. dubia var. grata (Wallich ex Besser) Pampanini; A. dubia var. legitima (Besser) Pampanini; A. dubia var. multiflora (Wallich ex Besser) Pampanini; A. dubia var. orientalis Pampanini; A. dubia var. septentrionalis Pampanini; A. grata Wallich ex Besser; A. indica Willdenow var. heyneana Wallich ex Besser; A. indica var. multiflora Wallich ex Besser; A. indica var. nepalensis Besser; A. leptostachya Don, A. longiflora Pampanini; A. moxa de Candolle, p.p., quoad pl. Asiat. Or.; A. myriantha Y. R. Ling; A. nilagarica (C. B. Clarke) Pampanini, p.p., incl. f. lobata Pampanini; A. pleiocephala Pampanini var. grandis Pampanini; A. princeps Pampanini var. orientalis (Pampanini) Hara; A. vulgaris Linnaeus var. indica (Willdenow) Maximowicz; A. vulgaris var. vulgatissima Besser; A. wallichiana Besser, p.p.
Branches 10--15(--20) cm. Leaves densely arachnoid-tomentose abaxially; lobules acute apically, narrowly winged at midvein. Capitula in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences.
Roadsides, forest margins, slopes, shrublands; low to middle elevations. Anhui, Fujian, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, S Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, SE Nei Mongol, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, SE Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Widely distributed E, S & SE Asia, North America (including Central America), Oceania].
Used for making drugs, root tonic for kidney.
Artemisia elegantissima Pampanini, Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s, 33: 454. 1926.
Branches 25--25 cm. Leaves sparsely tomentose or glabrescent abaxially; lobules acuminate apically, winged at midvein. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences.
Slopes; middle to high elevations. SE Xizang [N India].
Artemisia mongolica Chang; A. montana Pampanini var. nipponica Pampanini f. occidentalis Pampanini; A. parvula Pampanini; A. vulgaris Linnaeus var. indica Hayata; A. vulgaris var. indica Hayata f. nipponica Nakai; A. vulgaris var. latiloba Nakai; A. vulgaris var. maximoviczii Nakai.
Herbs perennial, 60--150 cm tall, sparsely arachnoid-puberulous or glabrescent. Leaves densely arachnoid-tomentose abaxially. Lowermost leaves long petiolate; leaf blade ovate or elliptic-ovate, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite; segments 2 pairs, oblong or oblong-elliptic. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 1--2(--3) cm; leaf blade ovate or ovate-elliptic, 6--12 X 4--8 cm, pinnatipartite, rarely -sect; segments 2(or 3) pairs, elliptic-lanceolate or elliptic; distal lobe and lobules of lateral lobes larger, obtuse apically. Uppermost leaves pinnatipartite; leafy bracts 3-lobed or entire. Capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences, oblong or oblong-ovoid, 1.5--2.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely arachnoid-puberulous. Pistillate florets 5--7. Bisexual florets 4--9. Achenes Jul-Nov. 2n = 34, 36.
Roadsides, slopes, shrublands, forest margins, valleys, river banks; sea level to 1400 m. Anhui, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, S Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Liaoning, SE Nei Mongol, S Shaanxi, Shandong, S Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Japan, Korea].
Used for making drugs.
Herbs perennial, 20--30 cm tall, glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 2--10 mm; leaf blades elliptic-ovate or elliptic-ovate, 4--9 X 2.5--4 cm, yellow or brown glandular punctate, 1--3-pinnatipartite or -sect; segments 4 or 5 pairs; lobes or lobules linear or linear-lanceolate or serrate, 5--25(--35) X 2.5--5 mm, base attenuate, margin revolute, acuminate apically; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves pinnatipartite or -sect; leafy bracts pinnatiparte or entire. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid or oblong-campanulate, 2--3 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 6--8. Bisexual florets 10--20. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Slopes, roadsides; middle to high elevations. W Sichuan, Xizang.
1a. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatipartite, lobules of leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, 8--25 (--35) X 2.5--3.5 mm ....................................................................... 80a. var. occidentali-sinensis
1b. Middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatipartite, lobules serrate, 5--10 X 4--5 mm 80b. var. occidentali-denticulata
Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatipartite; lobules linear or linear-lanceolate, 8--25(--35) X 2.5--3.5 mm.
* Slopes, roadsides; middle to high elevations. Xizang.
Middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatipartite; lobules serrate, 5--10 X 4--5 mm.
* Middle to high elevations. W Sichuan, E Xizang.
Herbs perennial, 100--150 cm tall, pubescent or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 3--10 mm; leaf blades ovate or elliptic-ovate, 14--18(--20) X 6--10 cm, pubescent abaxially, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or nearly -sect; segments (3 or)4 or 5 pairs, elliptic or oblong; lobules 3 or 4 pairs, base attenuate, 2- or 3-serrate at margin; rachis winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatipartite or -cleft. Capitula in midbroad or broad paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid or ellipsoid-ovoid, 2--3 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 3 or 4. Bisexual florets 7--9. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 16.
Middle to high elevations. S Xizang [Afghanistan, India, Nepal, N Pakistan].
Artemisia princeps Pampanini f. dentata Pampanini, p.p.; A. stolonifera Ling, p.p.; A. vulgaris Linnaeus var. stolonifera Loesener; A. vulgaris var. vulgatissima Liou & al.
Subshrubs 60--120(--150) cm tall, incanous tomentose or later sparsely tomentose. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 5--15 mm; leaf blade ovate or broadly ovate, 6--12 X 4--10 cm, abaxially densely tomentose, adaxially incanous tomentose or glabrescent, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite; segments 2 or 3 pairs, elliptic or oblong, 3--5(--6) X 2--3 cm; lobules (2 or)3(or 4) pairs, mucronulate apically. Uppermost leaves 3-partite or entire; leafy bracts elliptic, entire. Capitula in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid or ovoid, 2.5--3.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts incanous arachnoid-tomentose. Pistillate florets 5--8. Bisexual florets 7--14. Achenes oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov.
* Slopes, forest margins, steppe, shrublands, roadsides; sea level to 100 m. Hebei, Henan, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, E & S Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi.
Artemisia vulgaris Linnaeus var. nilagirica C. B. Clarke, Compos. Ind. 162. 1876.
Herbs perennial, 20--60 cm tall, puberulous or glabrescent. Leaves +/- sessile; leaves densely incanous tomentose abaxially. Middle cauline leaves ovate or elliptic-ovate, 5--6 X 3--5 cm, pinnatifid; segments 1--3 pairs, ovate or oblong-ovate, usually 1- or 2-serrate, acuminate apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts oblong-ovate, few serrate. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or ovoid-campanulate. 1--2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts puberulous. Pistillate florets 3 or 4. Bisexual florets 4--8. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 18, 54.
Slopes; middle elevations. SW Sichuan, SE Xizang [N India, N Myanmar].
Artemisia komarovii Poljakov; A. mongolica (Fischer ex Besser) Nakai var. interposita Kitagawa; A. quadriauriculata Chen; A. vulgaris Linnaeus var. integrifolia Ledebour.
Herbs perennial, 50--120 cm tall, arachnoid-puberulous. Leaves sessile. Middle cauline leaves densely tomentose abaxially, incanous puberulous or glabrescent adaxially. Lowermost leaves ovate or elliptic, rarely broadly ovate, margin few serrate. Middle cauline leaves elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, 4--7 X 1.5--2.5(--3) cm, base attenuate, margin 1--3-serrate, apex acuminate. Uppermost leaves elliptic or lanceolate, entire, rarely few serrate. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, elliptic or oblong, (2.5--)3--4 mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely puberulous. Pistillate florets 10--15. Bisexual florets 20--30. Achenes obovoid or oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 18, 36.
Forest margins, roadsides, river banks, steppe, meadows, forest steppe, shrublands; low to middle elevations. Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, E Nei Mongol [Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
Artemisia integrifolia Linnaeus var. subulata Pampanini; A. lavandulaefolia Nakai; A. stenophylla Kitamura, p.p.; A. vulgaris Linnaeus var. integerrima Liou & al.; A. vulgaris var. subulata Nakai.
Herbs perennial, 45--80 cm tall, with capitate branches, arachnoid-pubescent or glabrescent. Leaves sessile, densely arachnoid-tomentose abaxially. Lowermost leaves oblanceolate or oblanceolate-linear, 8--13 X 5--8 cm, entire or 1- or 2-serrate. Middle cauline leaves linear, linear-lanceolate, or falcate, 50--100 X 3--6 mm, entire or occasionally 1- or 2-serrate, obtuse apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts linear. Capitula in narrow racemose-paniculate inflorescences, oblong or ovoid-oblong, 2--3 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 10 or 11. Bisexual florets 10--15. Achenes oblong-ovoid or ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Humid and semihumid slopes, forest margins, river banks, meadows; low elevations. N Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, E & SE Nei Mongol, N Shanxi [Japan, Korea, E Russia].
Artemisia koidzumii Kitagawa, p.p., quoad pl. Changpaishan; A. koidzumii var. manchurica Pampanini; A. pronutans Kitagawa.
Herbs perennial, 30--70 cm tall, densely incanous arachnoid-pubescent. Leaves +/- sessile, abaxially densely incanous tomentose, adaxially sparsely arachnoid-pubescent. Lowermost leaves ovate-elliptic or ovate-oblong, 2-pinnatipartite. Middle cauline leaves elliptic or oblong, 4.5--6.5 X 3.5--4.5 cm, 1(or 2)-pinnatipartite; segments (2 or)3 or 4 pairs, elliptic, 10--15 X 3--5 mm, base attenuate, occasionally 1- or 2-serrate, acuminate apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3- or 5-partite or entire. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, subglobose or broadly globose, 2.5--4 mm in diam.; involucral bracts arachnoid-pubescent. Pistillate florets 4--6. Bisexual florets 6--10. Achenes obovoid or oblong-obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Subalpine meadows, forest steppe, rocky slopes, forest margins, roadsides, shrublands; ca. 1100 m. E Jilin [Korea].
Herbs perennial, 80--200 cm tall, pubescent. Leaves +/- sessile, white tomentose abaxially. Middle cauline and uppermost leaves elliptic-ovate or ovate, 6--12 X 4--10 cm, 1(or 2)-pinnatipartite; segments 1 or 2 pairs, 3-parite or entire; lobules or lobes linear-lanceolate, 45--80 X 4--6 mm, acuminate apically. Leafy bracts linear-lanceolate. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid-campanulate, 1.5--2 mm in diam., shortly pedicellate; involucral bracts sparsely arachnoid tomentose. Pistillate florets 3--8. Bisexual florets 8--15. Achenes ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Slopes, roadsides; low elevations. S Gansu, Hebei, Shanxi, Sichuan.
Artemisia vulgaris Linnaeus var. viridissima Komarov, Fl. Manshur. 3: 673. 1907; A. integrifolia Nakai; A. vulgaris var. integrifolia Makino & Nemoto.
Herbs perennial, 80--140 cm tall, with capitate branches. Leaves +/- sessile, puberulous or glabrescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves elliptic-lanceolate or lanceolate, 8--13 X 2--3 cm, base attenuate, margin serrulate, acuminate apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts elliptic or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or ovoid-campanulate, 2--3 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 3--5. Bisexual florets 8--12. Achenes obovoid or ovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
Forest margins, roadsides; 1400--1700 m. Jilin, Liaoning [Korea].
Artemisia lagocephala (Fischer ex Besser) de Candolle var. tafelii (Mattfeld) Pampanini.
Herbs perennial, 40--60 cm tall, sericeous-puberulous, later +/- glabrescent. Leaves +/- sessile. Lowermost leaves obovate, pinnatipartite. Middle cauline leaves obovate or obovate-triangulate, 7--9 X 4--5 cm, obliquely 3--5-partite from apex to center; segments oblong or elliptic, 20--40 X 5--10 mm, base attenuate, margin 1- or 2-serrate. Uppermost leaves obovate-elliptic, obliquely 3-partite or entire; leafy bracts obovate-lanceolate or lanceolate. Capitula in lax broad paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose or campanulate, 4--5 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 5--10. Bisexual florets 10--25. Achenes obovoid or ovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Shrublands; ca. 3600 m. E Xizang.
Artemisia vulgaris Linnaeus var. indica (Willdenow) Maximowicz f. montana Nakai, Bot. Mat. (Tokyo) 26: 104. 1912; A. gigantea Kitamura; A. montana Pampanini var. latiloba Pampanini; A. vulgaris var. latiloba Nakai.
Herbs perennial, 150--200 cm tall, incanous pubescent or glabrescent. Leaves shortly petiolate, abaxially incanous tomentose, adaxially glabrescent. Middle cauline leaves ovate, 13--19 X 4--12 cm, pinnatiparte; segments 2 or 3 pairs, oblong or oblong-lanceolate; distal lobes larger, base attenuate, occasionally few serrate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts lanceolate, 3-cleft or entire. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, oblong, 2.5--3 mm in diam.; involucral bracts arachnoid-tomentose. Pistillate florets 4--6. Bisexual florets 8--14. Achenes obovoid. 2n = 51--54.
Roadsides, shrublands, forest margins, wet meadows, riverside forests; 300--2800 m. Anhui, Hunan, Jiangxi [Japan, E Russia].
Artemisia moorcroftiana Wallich ex de Candolle var. campanulata Pampanini, cum forms.
Subshrubs 50--70 cm tall, with capitate branches, incanous or yellowish pubescent or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 1--3 cm; leaf blade oblong, ovate, or elliptic, 6--10 X 2--3 cm, abaxially densely incanous or yellowish tomentose, adaxially sparsely tomentose, 2- or 3-pinnatisect or partite; segments (4 or)5 or 6 pairs, ovate or elliptic-ovate; lobules lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, margin few serrate, apex acuminate; rachis narrowly winged. Middle leaves ovate or elliptic, 2-pinnatipartite or -sect. Uppermost leaves pinnatipartite; leafy bracts 3--5-partite or entire. Capitula in narrow elongated paniculate inflorescences, globose or semiglobose, 4--5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts pubescent. Pistillate florets 15--20. Bisexual florets 30--35. Achenes oblong-ovoid or -obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 18.
Slopes, terraces, valleys, rocky hills, subalpine steppe, subalpine meadows; 2000--5300 m. Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, W Sichuan, NW Yunnan, Xizang [India, N Pakistan].
Herbs perennial, 100 cm tall or more, incanous and yellowish villous and tomentose. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 3--5 mm; leaf blade oblong-ovate or elliptic, 6--8 X 3.5--4.5 cm, sparsely arachnoid-pubescent and glandular punctate adaxially, densely incanous arachnoid-tomentose, 2-pinnatisect; segments (4 or)5 or 6 pairs, elliptic; lobules 2 or 3 pairs or deeply serrate; distal lobules longer, 5--12 X 2--4 mm; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatipartite; leafy bracts pinnatipartite, 3-partite, or entire. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, oblong or oblong-ovoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely arachnoid-pubescent. Pistillate florets 2--5. Bisexual florets 4--8. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Lakeshores, valleys, roadsides; middle to high elevations. SW Gansu, W Sichuan, E Qinghai.
Herbs perennial, 15--30 cm tall, white tomentose or glabrous. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1--2 cm; leaf blades elliptic, 1.5--3.5 X 1.2--1.8 cm, white tomentose or glabrous, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5(or 6) pairs, elliptic or elliptic-ovate, 10--15 X 5--10 mm; lobules elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, (2--)5--8 X 0.5--1.3 mm; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts ovate, 1- or 2-pinnatisect or -partite. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, campanulate or ovoid-campanulate, 3--4(--4.5) mm in diam.; involucral bracts brown, white tomentose. Pistillate florets 13--16. Bisexual florets 20. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
Rocky slopes, terraces; 3300--5300 m. ??Hubei, S Qinghai, W Sichuan, Xizang [N India].
1a. Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts white tomentose ......... 93a. var. tainingensis
1b. Stem, branches, and leaves glabrous, involucral bracts sparsely tomentose . 93b. var. nitida
Artemisia campbellii J. D. Hooker & Thomson ex C. B. Clarke var. limprichtii Pampanini.
Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts white tomentose.
* Rocky slopes; 3300--4000 m. ??Hubei, S Qinghai, W Sichuan, E Xizang.
Artemisia moorcroftiana Wallich ex de Candolle f. nitida Pampanini, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 34: 681. 1927; A. moorcroftiana var. nitida (Pampanini) Ling & Y. R. Ling.
Stem, branches, and leaves glabrous. Involucral bracts sparsely tomentose.
Terraces, rocky slopes; 4100--5300 m. C & W Xizang [N India].
Herbs perennial, 30--40 cm tall, incanous puberulous, later glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 4--7 mm. Lowermost leaves suborbicular or oblong, 1.5--2 X 1--1.5 cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect. Middle leaves suborbicular or oblong-ovate, 20--25 X 5--15 mm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, oblong-ovate or elliptic, 5--8 X 4--6 mm; lobules elliptic, 3--4 X 1.5--2 mm; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts sessile, 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Capitula in dense spicate and narrow paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or subglobose, 1.5--2.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts +/- glabrous. Pistillate florets 3--5. Bisexual florets 5--10. Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Slopes, roadsides; middle elevations. E & SE Xizang.
Subshrubs 20--35 cm tall, fetid, densely yellowish or incanous tomentose. Petiole of lowermost leaves 5--15 mm; leaf blade ovate, 2.5--4 X 1.5--2.5 cm, densely incanous or yellowish tomentose, later glabrescent adaxially, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 3--5 pairs, 5--15 X 3--5 mm; lobules lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 3--5 X 0.5--1 mm. Middle cauline and uppermost leaves sessile; leaves ovate, 2--3 X 1.5--2.5 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; lobules narrowly linear or linear-lanceolate; leafy bracts 3--5-sect or entire. Capitula dense in branches and in narrow paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose, 3--4(--5) mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely pubescent, margin brown. Pistillate florets 8--10. Bisexual florets 15--18. Achenes oblong or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Nov.
Dry slopes, shrublands; 3800--5300 m. Qinghai, W Sichuan, E Xizang [Bhutan, India, N Pakistan].
Herbs perennial, 30--50 cm tall, with capitate branches, incanous puberulous. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--15 mm; leaf blades elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 3--4 X 1.5--2 cm, abaxially densely incanous pubescent, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 5 or 6(or 7) pairs, elliptic; lobules 2 or 3 pairs, elliptic-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 3--5 X 1.5 mm, occasionally few serrate; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts elliptic-ovate, 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Capitula dense in branches and in narrow paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose or ovoid, 3--4 mm in diam.; involucral bracts puberulous. Pistillate florets 8--14. Bisexual florets 10--20. Achenes oblong-ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Slopes, roadsides; middle to high elevations. SE Qinghai, E Xizang.
Herbs perennial, 30--40 cm tall, sparsely incanous or yellowish tomentose. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1.5--2 cm; leaf blades oblong, 2--3 X 1.5--2.5 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs; lobules linear-lanceolate, 5--8 X 1.5--2 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts (1 or)2-pinnatisect. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, ovoid, 2--3 mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely yellowish tomentose. Pistillate florets 3--8. Bisexual florets 14--18. Achenes obovoid or oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Slopes; ca. 4200 m. S & SW Xizang.
Herbs perennial, dwarf, caespitose, 8--30 cm tall, incanous or yellowish sericeous-pubescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1--1.5 cm; leaf blades oblong, elliptic, or oblong-ovate, 15--35 X 5--20 mm, yellowish pubescent, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5(or 6) pairs, elliptic or oblong-ovate, 5--15 X 3--10 mm, pinnati- or 3-partite; lobules elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Capitula usually 2--4 grouped, in narrow paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose or subglobose, 3--4 mm in diam., sessile; involucral bracts densely brown-yellow tomentose. Pistillate 8--13. Bisexual 18--20. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Alpine steppe, slopes, roadsides; 4000--5000 m. W Sichuan, E Xizang.
Artemisia roxburghiana Besser var. orientalis Pampanini; A. vulgaris Mattfeld [replaced name].
Herbs perennial, 30--70 cm tall, incanous tomentose, later sparsely tomentose. Petiole of lowermost leaves 5--15(--20) mm; leaf blade oblong or ovate-elliptic, 2.5--5.5 X 2--3.5 cm, abaxially densely yellowish tomentose and veins pubescent, adaxially sparsely pubescent, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, distal lobes longer than basal lobes, distal lobes elliptic or oblong, 10--20 X 5--10 mm, lobuled or serrate; lobules 1 or 2 pairs, 3--5 X 1--3 mm. Middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, oblong or obovate-oblong, 3--5.5 X 2--3 cm, pinnatipartite or -subsect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, elliptic or oblong, 5--15(--20) X 3--8 mm; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3--7-lobed; lobes lanceolate or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, broadly ovoid or oblong, 3.5--4 mm in diam., sessile; involucral bracts incanous or yellowish arachnoid-tomentose. Pistillate florets 5--9. Bisexual florets 8--15. Achenes oblong or ovoid-oblong. Fl. & fr. Jul-Sep.
Slopes, roadsides, grasslands; 2300--3200 m. Sichuan, Yunnan [N Myanmar].
Used medicinally.
Artemisia moorcroftiana Mattfeld.
Herbs perennial, 70--100 cm tall, sparsely yellowish or rust-colored pubescent or glabrescent. Leaves sessile, abaxially densely incanous tomentose, adaxially sparsely sericeous-pubescent and white glandular punctate. Lowermost leaves ovate or broadly ovate, 2- or 3-pinnatisect. Middle cauline leaves ovate or oblong, 5--7 X 4--6 cm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs; lobules lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 10--15 X 1.5--3 mm, margin revolute, apex acute and mucronulate; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves 1(or 2)-pinnatisect; leafy bracts pinnatisect, 5-lobed, or entire, latter lanceolate or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in slightly broad and elongated paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose or subovoid, 3--4(--5) mm in diam., sessile; involucral bracts densely rust-colored tomentose. Pistillate florets 8--10. Bisexual florets 10--30. Achenes oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov.
* Slopes, forest margins, grasslands; 3400--4700 m. W Hubei, W Sichuan, NW Yunnan, E Xizang.
Herbs perennial, 15--60 cm tall, not branched, incanous sericeous-pubescent. Petiole of basal leaves 6--7(--15) cm, densely rosulate; leaf blade elliptic-ovate or oblong, 7--12 X 5--6 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite; segments (3 or)4--6 pairs; distal and lateral lobes obovate, 2--4 X 1--3 cm, parted; lobules lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, rarely ovate-lanceolate, 10--15 X 3--5 mm; basal lobes entire; rachis with 3--4 mm wide wing. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1--3 cm; leaves few, oblong or oblong-elliptic, 2.5--5(--6) X 1.5--3.5(--4) cm, pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; lobes lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, or oblanceolate, 10--30(--35) X 2--3 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts lanceolate or oblanceolate, 30--50 X 2--4 mm. Capitula in racemose inflorescences, semiglobose, 6--10 mm in diam, with 3--10 mm peduncles, nodding; involucral bracts densely yellowish pubescent. Pistillate 10--16. Bisexual florets 50--60; corolla limb purple. Achenes obovoid or oblong. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Alpine steppe, alpine meadows, slopes; 3200--4600 m. S Gansu, E Qinghai, NW Sichuan.
Artemisia smithii Mattfeld var. speciosa Pampanini, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 36: 423. 1930; A. smithii f. paniculata Pampanini.
Herbs perennial, 60--80 cm tall, puberulous. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, ovate or broadly ovate, 7--9 X 4--6 cm, abaxially densely incanous arachnoid-tomentose, adaxially sericeous-pubescent, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs; lobules linear-lanceolate or falcate-lanceolate, 20--40 X 1.5--2.5 mm; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves pinnatisect or 3--5-lobed; leafy bracts linear-lanceolate. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose, 5--7 mm in diam.; involucral bracts rust-colored pubescent. Pistillate florets 10--20. Bisexual florets 30--45. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Sep-Oct.
* Rocky slopes, grasslands, shrublands, terraces, roadsides; 3000--3800 m. W Sichuan, NW Yunnan, E Xizang.
Artemisia strongylocephala Pampanini var. sinensis Pampanini, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 34: 177. 1927. incl. forms.
Herbs perennial, 70--130(--150) tall, yellowish puberulous or glabrescent. Leaves +/- sessile, abaxially densely arachnoid-pubescent, adaxially sparsely pubescent, both surfaces glabrescent later. Lowermost leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, 8--11 X 6--7 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, elliptic, 4--4.5 X 1.5--2.5 cm; lobules lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, (8--)10--15 X (3--) 3.5--4 mm; rachis narrowly winged. Middle and uppermost leaves oblong, 6--11 X 4--8 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or nearly -sect; leafy bracts pinnatipartite or entire. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid-campanulate, 3.5--4 mm in diam, nodding; involucral bracts yellowish puberulous. Pistillate florets 10--15. Bisexual florets 15--25(--30). Achenes oblong or obovoid-oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Alpine- or subalpine steppe, shrublands, forest margins, roadsides, 2600--3900 m. SW Qinghai, W Sichuan, E Xizang, NW Yunnan.
Subshrubs 8--25(--30) cm tall, sericeous-tomentose or glabrescent. Petioles of basal and middle cauline leaves 5--20 mm or more; leaf blades oblong or elliptic, 2--4 X 1--2 cm, sparsely sericeous-tomentose adaxially, densely white tomentose, (1 or)2-pinnatisect; segments 3(or 4) pairs, 3-lobuled; lobules linear or linear-lanceolate, 5--20(--30) X 0.5--1(--2) mm. Uppermost leaves 3-lobed, leafy bracts linear-lanceolate or linear. Capitula in lax racemose-paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose or broadly ovoid, 4--4.5 mm in diam., with 2--20 mm pedicels; involucral bracts sparsely tomentose. Pistillate florets 8--12, bisexual 18--25. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Nov. 2n = 18@.
* Waste areas, rocky slopes; 2700--3900 m. Taiwan.
Herbs perennial, 60--120 cm tall, with capitate branches, incanous sericeous-puberulous, later glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1.5--2.5 cm; leaf blades oblong-obovate or elliptic-obovoid, 10--12 X 3.5--4 cm, abaxially densely and persistent sericeous-puberulous, adaxially sparsely sericeous-puberulous or glabrescent, 2-pinnatisect; segments (3 or)4 or 5 pairs, distal lobes or terminals of lateral lobes usually 3-, rarely 2- or 4-, lobuled; lobules lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 5--8 X (2--)3--4 mm, acuminate apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect, 3-sect, or entire. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, broadly ovoid or semiglobose, 3.5--4 mm in diam., shortly pedicellate; involucral bracts white pubescent. Pistillate florets 8--15. Bisexual florets 18--25, barbate or not at lower part of corolla of florets. Achenes oblong-ovoid. Fl. & fr. Nov-Feb.
* Rocky slopes, mountain peaks; 1500--2300 m. Taiwan.
1a. Lower part of corolla of florets not barbate ............................................. 105a. var. somai
1b. Lower part of corolla of florets barbate ........................................... 105b. var. batakensis
Lower part of corolla of florets not barbate.
* Rocky slopes; 1500--2000 m. Taiwan.
Artemisia batakensis Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan. 8: 64. 1919.
Lower part of corolla of florets barbate.
* Mountain peaks of Karst areas, limestone crevices on dry ridges; 1500--2300 m. Taiwan.
Herbs perennial, 60--150 cm tall, strongly aromatic, capitately branched. Petiole of lowermost leaves 5--20(--50) mm; leaf blade broadly ovate or ovate, 8--12 X 6--10 cm, densely incanous arachnoid-tomentose, palmately or ternately 3- or 5-sect or -partite, or mixed 7-sect or entire leaves; lobes linear or linear-lanceolate, 5--7(--8) X 0.3--0.5 mm, serrate or not. Middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, palmately or ternately 3- or 5-partite or entire; lobes elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, 30--50 X 2--4 mm, base attenuate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts ternately 2- or 3-lobed or entire. Capitula in narrow elongated paniculate inflorescences, oblong or broadly ovoid, 2--2.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely incanous arachnoid-tomentose, later glabrescent. Pistillate florets 8--12. Bisexual florets 10--15. Achenes ovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 16, 36.
River banks, lakeshores, humid areas, meadows, slopes, roadsides; low elevations to 2500 m. Anhui, S Gansu, N Guangdong, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, S Nei Mongol, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan [Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
1a. Margins of leaves or lobes serrulate ................................................ 106a. var. selengensis
1b. Margins of leaves or lobes not serrulate, rarely mixed few serrate .... 106b. var. shansiensis
Artemisia cannabifolia H. Léveillé; A. cannabilifolia var. nigrescens H. Léveillé; A. selengensis Turczaninow ex Besser; A. selengensis var. cannabifolia Pampanini, incl. forms; A. selengensis var. integerrima (Komarov) Ling & Y. R. Ling ex X. D. Cui; A. selengensis var. pannosa Pampanini; A. vulgaris Linnaeus lusus selengensis (Turczaninow ex Besser) Regel; A. vulgaris lusus serratifolia Regel; A. vulgaris var. integerrima Komarov; A. vulgaris var. selengensis (Turczaninow ex Besser) Maximowicz.
Leaves or lobes serrulate.
River banks, lakeshores, humid areas, meadows; low elevations. Anhui, S Gansu, N Guangdong, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, S Nei Mongol, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan [Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
Used for antiphlogistic and antihelminthic drugs.
Leaves or lobes not serrulate, rarely mixed few serrulate.
* Slopes, roadsides; low elevations. Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shanxi.
Artemisia japonica Schmidt; A. vulgaris Linnaeus var. stolonifera Maximowicz lusus glabrescens Regel.
Subshrubs 30--100(--120) cm tall, sparsely puberulous or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 3--8 mm; leaf blade obovate or broadly cuneate, 3--8 X 1.5--4.5 cm, sparsely puberulous or glabrescent, base attenuate, few acutely serrate from middle to apex at margin, apex rounded. Middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, obovate, ovate-elliptic, or obovate-cuneate, 4.5--6.5 X 1.5--4 cm, base attenuate, margin serrate upward, apex obtuse. Distal leaves and leafy bracts ovate or elliptic, few serrate or entire. Capitula in lax midbroad paniculate inflorescences, subglobose, 3--3.5 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 6--10. Bisexual florets 13--18. Achenes ovoid-ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov. 2n = 18, 27.
Roadsides, dry slopes, shrublands, grasslands, forest margins; 100--900 m. Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong [Japan, Korea, E Russia].
Herbs perennial, 100--150 cm tall. Leaves +/- sessile, sparsely incanous pubescent or glabrescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves oblong, 4--9 X 2.5--4 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or nearly -sect; segments 4 or 5 pairs; lobes or lobules linear or linear-lanceolate, 8--25(--35) X 2.5--3.5 mm, acuminate apically; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves pinnatipartite or -sect; leafy bracts lobed or entire, latter linear or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid or oblong-ovoid, 2--3 mm in diam.; involucral bracts arachnoid-puberulous or glabrescent. Pistillate florets 6--8. Bisexual florets 10--20. Achenes oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov.
* River floodlands, waste areas, slopes; 3400--3600 m. S Qinghai, W Sichuan, E Xizang.
Herbs perennial, 80--130 cm tall, puberulous or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 2--4(--5) cm; leaf blades ovate, broadly ovate, or oblong, 8--12(--15) X 7--11 cm, abaxially sparsely incanous arachnoid-tomentose or glabrescent, adaxially glabrescent, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite; segments 2 or 3 pairs, elliptic or oblong, 6--7(--9) X 1--1.5(--2) cm, 3--5-parted or -cleft, rarely entire; lobules elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, or ovate-lanceolate, usually serrate or not. Uppermost leaves pinnatipartite; segments 1 or 2, lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, distal one longer, occasionally 1--2-serrate; leafy bracts 3--5-partite or entire. Capitula in lax, much branched, broad paniculate inflorescences, numerous, subglobose or ovoid, 1.5--2.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely arachnoid-puberulous. Pistillate florets 4--7. Bisexual florets 8--14. Achenes narrowly ovoid or -obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 16.
Forest margins, shrublands, humid areas, slopes, roadsides; 100--1300 m. Anhui, SE Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Korea, Mongolia, E Russia].
1a. Leaves thinly papery; involucral bracts incanous arachnoid-tomentose, later glabrescent, capitula spreading on branches ....................................................................................... 109a. var. sylvatica
1b. Leaves thickly papery; involucral bracts tomentose, capitula dense on branches 109b. var. meridionalis
Leaves thinly papery. Capitula spreading on branches; involucral bracts incanous arachnoid-tomentose, later glabrescent.
Forest margins, shrublands, humid areas; low elevations. Anhui, SE Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Korea, Mongolia, E Russia].
Leaves thickly papery. Capitula dense on branches; involucral bracts incanous tomentose.
* Slopes, roadsides, shrublands. Henan, Jiangsu, Shanxi.
Subshrubs or perennial herbs, 80--100 cm tall, incanous pubescent. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 2--3 cm; leaf blade suborbicular or broadly ovate, 10--14 X 8--12 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, elliptic or oblong, 5--6 X 2--3 cm; lobules (2 or)3 pairs, 1- or 2-serrate; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, ovoid-campanulate or broadly ovoid, 3--3.5(--4) mm in diam.; involucral bracts puberulous or glabrescent. Pistillate florets 5--9. Bisexual florets 14--22. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov.
* Slopes, forest margins, shrublands; middle to high elevations. S Shaanxi, NE Sichuan.
Herbs perennial, rarely subshrubs; stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts glandular or viscid pubescent, or stem, branches and abaxial veins of leaves glandular pubescent. Capitula ovoid or oblong-ovoid.
20 species and five varieties. Mainly at middle and high elevations of NW & SW China, a few in S & SE Asia. Many species contain sesquiterpenoids and some monoterpenoids.
1a. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, segments 2--4 pairs.
2a. Capitula 3--4 mm in diam., 3--6(--8) grouped on branches and in large broad paniculate inflorescences ................................................................................................ 117. A. erlangshanensis
2b. Capitula 1.5--3--4 mm in diam., spreading on branches and in narrow or broad paniculate inflorescences.
3a. Stem and branches densely viscid pubescent and sparse glandular pubescent, middle cauline leaves sessile, lobes 3--6(--8) mm wide, margin revolute, glandular pubescent and sparsely arachnoid-pubescent adaxially, colors of hairs on abaxial veins and elsewhere obviously different 119. A. chingii
3b. Stem and branches sparsely pubescent and glandular pubescent or not; middle cauline leaves shortly petiolate, lobes (3--)10 mm wide or more, not revolute, leaves adaxially or veins only glandular pubescent or mixed common pubescent, with same or different colors of hairs on abaxial veins and elsewhere.
4a. Lobes of leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, (1--)1.5--2 X 0.3--1 cm; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences.
5a. Lobes of leaves linear, 10--15(--30) X 3--6 mm, less branched .... 120. A. simulans
5b. Lobes of leaves linear-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 15--20 X 5--10 mm, much branched 126. A. rosthornii
4b. Lobes of leaves elliptic, oblong or oblong-ovate, more than 2 X 1 cm; capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences.
6a. Middle cauline leaves 3- or ternately 5-partite, distal and lateral lobes nearly equal, not caudate, entire or few serrate at margin ................................................. 127. A. sichuanensis
6b. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, or -partite, segments 2--4(or 5) pairs, distal one longer or not, latter ones with broad wing at rachis, usually serrate.
7a. Distal lobes not caudate, 2- or 3-cleft, broadly winged on rachis.
8a. Leaves papery; capitula oblong or oblong-ovoid, 2.5--3(--4) mm in diam. 125. A. thellungiana
8b. Leaves thickly papery; capitula ovoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam. 123. A. orientali-yunnanensis
7b. Distal lobes caudate, longer than other lobes, serrate, without wing on rachis.
9a. Leaves glandular punctate, segments 2 or 3 pairs, 1- or 2-cleft; capitula oblong or ovoid, 1.5--2(--2.5) mm in diam. .................................................................. 118. A. atrovirens
9b. Leaves not glandular punctate, segments 3(or 4) pairs, 2- or 3-lobuled or serrate; capitula semiglobose or broadly ovoid, 2.5--3 mm in diam. .................. 128. A. zayuensis
1b. Middle cauline leaves 1--3-pinnatisect, segments 4--6 pairs.
10a. Capitula 4--6 mm in diam., involucral bracts glandular pubescent and tomentose or not glandular pubescent but densely tomentose, margin barbate.
11a. Stem, branches, adaxial surface of leaves and abaxial veins glandular pubescent, arachnoid-tomentose abaxially; involucral bracts glandular pubescent and brown tomentose, later not tomentose, not barbate at margin .............................................................................................. 111. A. viscida
11b. Stem and branches densely yellowish viscid tomentose and sparsely glandular pubescent, later sparsely tomentose; leaves glandular pubescent on both surfaces and densely arachnoid-tomentose abaxially; involucral bracts tomentose and barbate at margin ................................. 112. A. vexans
10b. Capitula 1.5--3 mm in diam., involucral bracts tomentose or pubescent or glabrous, or capitula 3--4 mm in diam., involucral bracts glabrous or sparsely puberulous.
12a. Middle cauline leaves (2 or)3-pinnatisect or -partite, deeply serrate.
13a. Stem with shortly capitate branches apically; capitula 3--4 mm in diam., in narrow paniculate inflorescences, involucral bracts glandular pubescent and barbate apically 114. A. mattfeldii
13b. Stem much and long branched; capitula 1--2.5 mm in diam., in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, involucral bracts glandular pubescent or also common pubescent, not barbate apically.
14a. Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts glandular pubescent; capitula ellipsoid or oblong, 2--2.5 mm in diam. ...................................................................... 121. A. gyitangensis
14b. Stem, branches, and leaves viscid pubescent, involucral bracts glandular pubescent and common pubescent or not; capitula ovoid, 1--1.5 mm in diam. ........... 128. A. gongshanensis
12b. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect or -partite.
15a. Capitula 3--4 mm in diam., in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences.
16a. Stem and branches sparsely glandular pubescent and densely tomentose, latter sparsely later; capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences .............................................. 113. A. tangutica
16b. Stem and branches densely glandular pubescent, not tomentose; capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences .......................................................................... 116. A. viscidissima
15b. Capitula 1.5--2.5(--3) mm in diam., in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences.
17a. Stem and branches densely viscid pubescent; leaves sparsely pubescent adaxially and densely arachnoid tomentose and white glandular punctate abaxially and sparsely glandular pubescent on abaxial veins; capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences, involucral bracts densely tomentose and sparsely glandular pubescent ................................................... 130. A. yadongensis
17b. Stem and branches densely glandular pubescent and sparsely common puberulous, adaxial surface of leaves abaxial veins glandular pubescent or also tomentose adaxially; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, involucral bracts arachnoid-tomentose or glabrescent.
18a. Middle cauline leaves 1-pinnatisect ................................ 124. A. shennongjiaensis
18b. Middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatipartite of -sect.
19a. Middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect, distances between segments long, distal lobules long, linear or linear-lanceolate, 15--25 X 1.5--2.5 mm .......... 115. A. occidentalisichuanensis
19b. Middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatipartite or nearly -sect, distances between segments shorter, distal lobule nearly equal to laterals, elliptic-lanceolate or ovate-elliptic, 10--15 X 3--5 mm 122. A. myriantha
Artemisia moorcroftiana Pampanini var. viscida Mattfeld, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 22: 247. 1926; A. moorcroftiana Pampanini.
Herbs perennial, 40--120 cm tall, densely glandular pubescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, elliptic or oblong, 3--4(--7) X 1--1.5(--2) cm, abaxially incanous arachnoid tomentose except on veins, adaxially obviously glandular pubescent, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, elliptic-ovate, 2- or 3-lobuled; lobules deeply serrate, 3--4 X 1--1.5(--2) mm, margin revolute, acute apically. Uppermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect; leafy bracts pinnatisect or 3--5-partite. Capitula dense in branches and in narrow paniculate inflorescences, broadly ovoid or campanulate, (3--)4--5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely tomentose. Pistillate florets 8--10. Bisexual florets 30--40(--50). Achenes oblong or obovoid-oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Roadsides, slopes; 3000--5000 m. W Sichuan, E Xizang.
Subshrubs 25--50 cm tall, strongly aromatic, densely incanous or yellowish viscid tomentose, sparsely glandular pubescent, later laxly viscid tomentose. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves sessile, elliptic or oblong, 3--4(--7) X 1--1.5(--2) cm, glandular pubescent on both surfaces, abaxially densely arachnoid-tomentose, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, elliptic-ovate; lobules 2 or 3 pairs, 3--4 X 1--1.5(--2) mm, margin revolute, acute apically. Uppermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect; leafy bracts pinnatisect or 3--5-partite. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, broadly ovoid or campanulate, (3--)4--5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely yellowish tomentose, margin barbate. Pistillate florets 8--10. Bisexual florets 30--40(--50). Achenes oblong or obovoid-oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Roadsides, slopes; 3000--5000 m. W Sichuan, E Xizang [Bhutan].
Herbs perennial, 50--90 cm tall, with capitate branches, densely arachnoid-tomentose and sparsely glandular pubescent, later sparsely pubescent basally. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--20 mm; leaf blades elliptic-ovate or elliptic, 6--10 X 5--8 cm, abaxially glabrescent or densely tomentose, adaxially sparsely glandular pubescent, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4--6 pairs, oblong-ovate or oblong, 2.5--3.5 X 1--2 cm; lobules 2--4 pairs, ovate, elliptic-ovate, or elliptic, 5--10 X 2--4 mm, acute and mucronulate apically; rachis winged. Uppermost leaves pinnatipartite; leafy bracts 3- or 5-partite or entire. Capitula dense or spreading on branches and in narrow paniculate inflorescences, oblong or broadly ovoid, 3--4 mm in diam.; involucral bracts +/- glabrous or sparsely puberulous. Pistillate florets 3--8. Bisexual florets 5--15. Achenes obovoid or oblong-ovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Slopes, dunes along river banks, grasslands, roadsides; 2700--3800 m. C & SW Gansu, Qinghai, W Sichuan, E Xizang.
1a. Leaves glabrescent abaxially; capitula spreading on branches, involucral bracts +/- glabrous 113a. var. tangutica
1b. Leaves densely arachnoid-tomentose abaxially; capitula dense on branches, involucral bracts sparsely puberulous ...................................................................................... 113b. var. tomentosa
Leaves glabrescent abaxially. Capitula spreading on branches; involucral bracts +/- glabrous.
* Slopes, dunes along river banks; 3000--3800 m. C & SW Gansu, Qinghai, W Sichuan, E Xizang.
Leaves densely arachnoid-tomentose abaxially. Capitula dense on branches; involucral bracts sparsely puberulous.
* Grasslands, roadsides; ca. 3200 m. W Sichuan.
Herbs perennial, 35--50 cm tall, capitately branched, densely glandular pubescent, strongly aromatic. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 2--3 cm or more; leaf blades oblong or oblong-ovate, 3.5--6 X 1.5--4 cm, abaxially incanous or yellowish arachnoid-tomentose or glabrous, adaxial surface and abaxial veins glandular pubescent. Lowermost leaves (2 or)3-pinnatisect; middle leaves 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 5 or 6 pairs, ovate or oblong-ovate, 1.5--2.5 X 1--1.5 cm; lobules lanceolate or deeply serrate, 3--7 X 1--1.5 mm, margin revolute, acute or obtuse apically; rachis winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, oblong or broadly ovoid, 3--4 mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely glandular pubescent. Pistillate florets 5--7. Bisexual florets 8--15. Achenes obovoid or oblong. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Forest margins, grasslands, slopes, roadsides; 2600--4800 m. SW Gansu, S Qinghai, W Sichuan, E Xizang.
1a. Leaves densely white tomentose abaxially ......................................... 114a. var. mattfeldii
1b. Leaves glabrous abaxially .............................................................. 114b. var. etomentosa
Artemisia moorcroftiana Pampanini var. viscida Mattfeld, p.p.
Leaves densely white tomentose abaxially.
* Forest margins, grasslands, slopes, roadsides; 2600--4800 m. SW Gansu, S Qinghai, W Sichuan, E Xizang.
Leaves glabrous abaxially.
* Slopes; 3600--4200 m. SW Gansu, S Qinghai, W Sichuan, E Xizang.
Herbs perennial, 150 cm tall or more, much branched, densely glandular pubescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--15 mm; leaf blades oblong or elliptic, 4--8(--9) X 3--4.5 cm, abaxially incanous arachnoid pubescent, adaxial surface and abaxial veins glandular pubescent, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs; lobules 1 or 2 pairs, distal lobules longer, linear or linear-lanceolate, 15--25 X 1.5--2.5 mm; rachis winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect, 3-lobed, or entire. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, oblong-ovoid or oblong-campanulate, 1.5--2.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely puberulous or +/- glabrous. Pistillate florets 3--5. Bisexual florets 4--8. Achenes oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Slopes, roadsides; middle to high elevations. W Sichuan.
Subshrubs 70--80 cm tall, yellowish or incanous glandular pubescent. Leaves glandular pubescent abaxially on veins and adaxially, incanous common pubescent. Middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, elliptic-ovate or ovate, 7--8 X 6--7 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, distal lobes longer than others, elliptic or ovate-elliptic; lobules elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 8--12 X 4--6 mm, acuminate apically; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatipartite or 3-lobed. Capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences, broadly ovoid or ovoid-campanulate, 3--3.5 mm; involucral bracts brown pubescent. Pistillate florets 5--10. Bisexual florets 10--15. Achenes oblong or ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Forest margins. E Xizang.
Subshrubs 50--130(--150) cm tall, densely viscid tomentose and glandular pubescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 2--3 cm or more; leaf blades suborbicular, broadly ovate, or ovate, 6--12 X 4--10 cm, abaxially arachnoid-tomentose, densely or sparsely on veins, adaxially sparsely glandular punctate and puberulous, 1(or 2)-pinnatipartite; segments 2 or 3, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 30--70 X 8--20 mm, usually 1- or 2-serrate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3- or 5-lobed. Capitula 3--6(--8) in compound capitula in branchlets, in broad paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose, subglobose or broadly ovoid, 3--4 mm in diam.; involucral bracts yellowish puberulous. Pistillate florets 8--15. Bisexual florets 15--25. Achenes obovoid or oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Roadsides, slopes, ridges, canyons; 2300--3100 m. W Sichuan.
Herbs perennial, 60--100(--150) cm, glandular pubescent and puberulous, or latter deciduous. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 1--2 cm; leaf blade densely incanous tomentose abaxially except on veins, glandular pubescent, sericeous-puberulous and glandular punctate adaxially, or former deciduous. Lowermost leaves ovate or broadly ovate, 5--10 X 4--10 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatpartite; distal lobes longer than lateral lobes. Middle cauline leaves ovate or ovate-elliptic, (5--)5--8 X (3--)4--7 cm, 1-pinnatipartite; segments 2 or 3 pairs, elliptic or obovate-elliptic, 15--25 X (5--)10--15 mm, 1- or 2-serrate, acute and mucronulate apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatipartite, 3-lobed, or entire. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, oblong or ovoid, 1.5--2(--2.5) mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely arachnoid-pubescent. Pistillate florets 3--6. Bisexual florets 5--8. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Slopes, grasslands, roadsides; low elevations to 1200 m. Anhui, N Fujian, S Gansu, N Guangdong, N Guangxi, Guizhou, S Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Thailand].
Herbs perennial, 80--100(--140) cm tall, sparsely glandular but densely viscid, pubescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 5--15 mm; leaf blade ovate or broadly ovate, 5--6 X 4--5 cm, abaxially densely arachnoid-tomentose, adaxially puberulous or glabrescent, glandular pubescent adaxially and on abaxial veins, 1(or 2)-pinnatipartite or nearly -sect; segments 2 or 3, elliptic, occasionally 2- or 3-serrate. Middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, ovate, ovate-elliptic, or broadly ovate, 3.5--5 X 2--4 cm, pinnatipartite; segments 2 or 3, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 10--20 X 3--6(--8) mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3--5-partite or entire. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or oblong, 1.5--2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely arachnoid-pubescent or glabrescent. Pistillate florets 3--5. Bisexual florets 8--12. Achenes obovoid or ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Slopes, grasslands, roadsides; low to middle elevations. Anhui, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, S Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, S Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, W Zhejiang.
Herbs perennial, 80--120 cm tall, sparsely glandular pubescent and puberulous. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 3--5 mm; leaf blades ovate or ovate-elliptic, 4--8 X 3--7 cm, abaxially arachnoid-tomentose, adaxially sparsely glandular pubescent, 1-, or rarely proximal 2-, pinnatisect; segments 2--4, linear, 10--15(--30) X 3--6 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3--5-lobed or entire. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely arachnoid-tomentose. Pistillate 3--5. Bisexual florets 8--15. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov.
* Slopes, waste areas; low elevations to 2900 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
Herbs perennial, ca. 120 cm tall, densely glandular pubescent. Middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, elliptic, 8--11 X 4--5 cm, abaxially incanous tomentose, adaxial surface and abaxial veins densely glandular pubescent, (2 or)3-pinnatipartite or -sect; segments 5 pairs, ovate or ovate-elliptic, 15--25 X 5--15 mm; lobules 1--3 pairs, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 5--7 X 2--4 mm, occasionally serrate; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect or 3-partite. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid or oblong, 2--2.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely glandular pubescent. Pistillate florets 5--10. Bisexual florets 8--20. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Dry shrublands, slopes, forest margins; 3100--3800 m. W Sichuan, E Xizang.
Herbs perennial, 70--120(--150) cm tall, glandular and common pubescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--20 mm; leaf blades ovate or elliptic, (5--)7--12(--19) X 6--10 cm, abaxially incanous arachnoid-tomentose or glabrescent, adaxial surface and abaxial veins densely glandular pubescent, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or nearly -sect; segments 4 or 5(or 6) pairs, elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 2.5--5(--6) X (1--)1.5--2.5(--3) cm; lobules 2 or 3 pairs, elliptic-lanceolate or ovate-elliptic, 10--15(--20) X 3--5 mm, occasionally 1- or 2-serrate, mucronulate apically; rachis winged. Uppermost leaves pinnatipartite; segments 3 or 4 pairs; leafy bracts 3- or 5-lobed or entire. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, numerous, oblong-ovoid or oblong, 1.5--2.5(--3) mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely arachnoid-puberulous or glabrescent. Pistillate florets 3--5. Bisexual florets 4--6. Achenes obovoid or oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov.
Slopes, roadsides, shrublands, forests, ravines; 800--3500 m. S Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, N Myanmar, N India, Nepal, N Thailand].
1a. Leaves and involucral bracts glabrescent abaxially ............................ 122a. var. myriantha
1b. Leaves densely incanous arachnoid-tomentose, involucral bracts sparsely puberulous 122b. var. pleiocephala
Artemisia burmanica Pampanini; A. dolichocephala Pampanini; A. dolichocephala f. yunnanensis Pampanini; A. dubia Pampanini; A. dubia var. longeracemulosa Pampanini; A. pleiocephala Pampanini f. yunnanensis Pampanini; A. vulgaris J. D. Hooker, p.p.; A. vulgaris Linnaeus var. myriantha (Wallich ex Besser) C. B. Clarke.
Leaves and involucral bracts glabrescent abaxially.
Slopes, roadsides, shrublands; low elevations to 2800 m. S Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan [Bhutan, N Myanmar, N India, Nepal, N Thailand].
Artemisia pleiocephala Pampanini, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 36: 446. 1930; A. dubia var. myriantha (Wallich ex Besser) Pampanini; A. vulgaris J. D. Hooker, p.p.
Leaves densely incanous arachnoid-tomentose abaxially. Involucral bracts sparsely puberulous.
Slopes, roadsides, cultivated fields, thickets, forests, rocky river banks; 800--2800 m. Guizhou, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, N India, Nepal].
Herbs perennial, 50--100 cm tall, sparsely incanous glandular pubescent and common pubescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 2--3 cm; leaf blades ovate or ovate-oblong, 4--6 X 4--5 cm, abaxially incanous arachnoid-tomentose, densely glandular pubescent on veins, 1(or 2)-pinnatisect; segments 3 pairs, elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 15--30 X 8--15 mm, serrate; rachis winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3--5-partite or entire. Capitula in lax midbroad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts puberulous, Pistillate florets 2--4. Bisexual florets 2--5. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Slopes, roadsides; 1500--2700 m. E Yunnan.
Herbs perennial, 90 cm tall or more, yellowish pubescent and glandular pubescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, broadly ovate or suborbicular, 7--10 X 5--8 cm, abaxially incanous arachnoid tomentose, adaxial surface and abaxial veins glandular pubescent, pinnatisect; segments (3 or)4 or 5 pairs, linear-lanceolate or linear, 35--55 X 4--6 mm, occasionally 1- or 2-serrate, acuminate apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3- or 5-sect or entire. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, broadly ovoid or ovoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely yellowish arachnoid pubescent. Pistillate florets 6--8. Bisexual florets 7--9. Achenes oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Forest margins, roadsides; ca. 1600 m. W Hubei (Shennongjia).
Herbs perennial, 50--80 cm tall, sparsely glandular pubescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, oblong-ovate, 8--11 X 6--10 cm, abaxially pubescent, sparsely glandular pubescent at veins, adaxially sparsely glandular pubescent, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite; segments 3 or 4 pairs, elliptic or oblong-ovate, 2- or 3-serrate, mucronulate apically; rachis winged. Distal leaves and leafy bracts pinnatipartite or entire. Capitula in midbroad or broad paniculate inflorescences, oblong or oblong-ovoid, 2.5--3(--4) mm in diam.; involucral bracts glabrescent. Pistillate florets 10--15. Bisexual florets 16--20. Achenes obovoid or ovoid-ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Slopes, roadsides; 1200--3000 m. SE Xizang, Yunnan [N India].
Herbs perennial, 50--80 cm tall, densely tomentose and sparsely glandular pubescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, ovate or elliptic-ovate, 5--6 X 3.5--4.5 cm, abaxially densely arachnoid-tomentose and sparsely glandular pubescent, adaxially sparsely glandular pubescent and common pubescent, pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4(or 5) pairs, linear-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 15--20 X 5--10 mm, acuminate and mucronulate apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatipartite, rarely 3-partite or entire. Capitula in broad and elongated paniculate inflorescences, ovoid-campanulate, 1.5--2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely puberulous. Pistillate florets 3--5. Bisexual florets 4--7. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Forest margins, roadsides, low to middle elevations. S Sichuan.
Herbs perennial, 100--150 cm tall, sparsely glandular pubescent and common pubescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 3--10 mm; leaf blades ovate or ovate-oblong, 5--6 X 3.5--4.5 cm, abaxially sparsely glandular pubescent and densely incanous arachnoid-tomentose or glabrescent, adaxially densely glandular pubescent and sparsely puberulous, pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4(or 6) pairs, linear-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 15--20 X 5--10 mm, acuminate and mucronulate apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatipartite, 3-partite, or entire. Capitula in broad and elongated paniculate inflorescences, ovoid-campanulate, 1.5--2 mm in diam., nodding; involucral bracts sparsely puberulous. Pistillate florets 3--5. Bisexual florets 4--7. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Slopes, grasslands, forest margins; 700--2500 m. C & W Sichuan.
1a. Leaves glabrescent abaxially ......................................................... 127a. var. sichuanensis
1b. Leaves densely incanous arachnoid-tomentose ................................. 127b. var. tomentosa
Leaves glabrescent abaxially.
* Slopes, grasslands, forest margins; ca. 2500 m. C Sichuan.
Leaves densely incanous arachnoid-tomentose.
* W Sichuan.
Herbs perennial, 90--200 cm tall, glandular pubescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, ovate, oblong-ovate, or elliptic-ovate, 11--14 X 8--10 cm, adaxial surface and abaxial veins sparsely glandular pubescent, incanous pubescent or glabrescent, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or partly -sect; segments 3(or 4) pairs, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 5--5.5 X 2--2.5 cm, distal lobe longer than lateral lobes, 5.5--6.5 mm, 2- or 3- deeply serrate, acuminate apically; rachis serrately winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3- or 5-partite, distal lobes longer. Capitula in lax broad paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose or broadly ovoid, 2.5--3 mm in diam.; involucral bracts glabrescent. Pistillate florets 7--8. Bisexual florets 15--17. Achenes oblong or ovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Forest margins, slopes, roadsides; 2600--3300 m. Xizang (Zayu), W Yunnan.
1a. Leaves 1- or 2-pinnatipartite, lobes 2--2.5 cm wide, deeply serrate; corolla limb puberulous 128a. var. zayuensis
1b. Leaves 2-pinnatipartite or leaves basally partly pinnatisect, lobes 1--1.5 cm wide, cleft, lobules few serrate; corolla limb glabrous .................................................................... 128b. var. pienmaensis
Leaves 1- or 2-pinnatipartite; lobes 2--2.5 cm wide, deeply serrate. Corolla limb puberulous.
* Forest margins; ca. 3100 m. Xizang (Zayu).
Leaves 2-pinnatipartite or leaves basally partly pinnatisect; lobes 1--1.5 cm wide, cleft; lobules few serrate. Corolla limb glabrous.
* Slopes, forest margins, roadsides, 2600--3300 m. W Yunnan.
Herbs perennial, 150--180 cm tall, sparsely pubescent and tomentose. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 3--4 cm; leaf blades oblong or ovate, 14--17 X 8--11 cm, abaxially densely incanous arachnoid-tomentose, adaxially densely or sparsely glandular pubescent, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 5 or 6 pairs, elliptic or oblong, 4--7 X 3--6 cm; lobules 4--6 pairs, 5- or 6-serrate; rachis winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect, serrate. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid, 1--1.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts glandular pubescent and sparsely common puberulous, latter deciduous. Pistillate florets 2 or 3. Bisexual florets 3--5. Bisexual florets 3--5. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov.
* Rocky slopes, ridges; 3500--3600 m. W Yunnan (Gongshan).
Herbs perennial or nearly subshrubs, 50--70 cm tall, incanous or yellowish viscid tomentose. Leaves shortly petiolate or +/- sessile, abaxially densely arachnoid-tomentose and glandular pubescent and on abaxial veins or latter deciduous, adaxially sparsely incanous pubescent and glandular punctate. Middle leaves oblong or oblong-ovate, 2--3.5 X 2--2.5 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, elliptic or oblong, 2--3.5 X 2--2.5 cm; lobules 1 or 2 pairs, elliptic or long-elliptic, 5--10 X 3--8 mm, acute or obtuse apically; rachis winged. Uppermost leaves elliptic or ovate, 1(or 2)-pinnatipartite; segments 4 or 5 pairs; leafy bracts pinnatipartite or entire. Capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences, subglobose or broadly ovoid, 1.5--2.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely incanous tomentose and sparsely glandular pubescent, or latter deciduous. Pistillate florets 3--8. Bisexual florets 5--10; corolla limb puberulous. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Grasslands; ca. 2900 m. E Xizang (Yadong).
Herbs perennial. Capitula without bracts or minute basally; involucral bracts +/- membranous, white or yellowish, glabrous.
Five species and four varieties in C, E, S & SW China; E, S & SE Asia. Many species contain sesquiterpenoid and some monoterpenoids.
1a. Leaves thickly papery, entire, rarely 2- or 3-cleft at apex, serrate ............ 135. A. anomala
1b. Leaves papery or thinly papery, pinnatisect or -partite or -cleft, margin serrate or not.
2a. Middle cauline leaves pinnatipartite or -cleft, segments 2 (or 3) pairs, uppermost leaves 3-partite, margin serrate ................................................................................................... 131. A. diversa
2b. Middle cauline leaves 1--3-pinnatipartite or -sect, segments 3 or 4(or 5) pairs, lowermost leaves not 3-partite, margin irregularly serrate.
3a. Middle cauline leaves sessile, 2- or 3-pinnatisect, lobules lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, rarely falcate-lanceolate, entire or few serrate ..................... 134. A. flaccida
3b. Middle cauline leaves petiolate, 1--3-pinnatipartite or -sect, segments 3--5 pairs, irregularly serrate or lacerate.
4a. Middle cauline leaves 1 or 2(or 3)-pinnatipartite or -sect, segments 3 or 4(or 5) pairs, margin irregularly serrate ........................................................................... 132. A. lactiflora
4b. Middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatatisect, segments 4 or 5 pairs, margin regularly serrate 133. A. emeiensis
Herbs perennial, 50--100 cm tall, glabrescent, branched apically. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 2--4 cm; leaf blade ovate or broadly ovate, 8--14(--18) X 4--12 cm, glabrescent, pinnatipartite or -cleft; segments 2(or 3) pairs, ovate, ovate-elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate, 2.5--8 X 1--5 cm, lacerate and serrate, acuminate apically. Uppermost leaves forkly 3-, rarely 2-, partite, or entire; distal lobes 4--8 X 2--5 cm, entire leaves elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, base attenuate, serrate; leafy bracts entire or occasionally 1- or 2-partite or cleft. Capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences, oblong or ellipsoid, 1.5--2.5 mm in diam.. Pistillate florets 3--5. Bisexual florets 4--9. Achenes oblong or obovoid-oblong. Fl & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Forest margins, canyons, slopes, river banks; 1000--2300 m. SE Gansu, W Hubei, S Shaanxi, NE Sichuan.
Herbs perennial, 50--150(--200) cm tall, glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 2--5 cm or more; leaf blades ovate or ovate-elliptic, 5.5--12.5(--31) X 4.5--8.5(--15) cm, glabrescent, 1 or 2(or 3)-pinnatisect, rarely partite; segments 3 or 4(or 5) pairs, various, ovate, ovate-elliptic, obovate, or elliptic; basal and lateral lobes larger than distal lobes, 2--8 X 1--3 cm, margin serrate, rarely entire. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or -sect, margin serrate. Capitula in +/- broad paniculate inflorescences, oblong, 1.5--2.5(--3) mm in diam. Pistillate florets 4--10. Bisexual florets 4--10. Achenes obovoid or obovoid-oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 16, 18.
Forest margins, shrublands, canyons, slopes, roadsides, river banks, thickets; low elevations to 3000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, S Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Cambodia, Indonesia, N India, Laos, Singapore].
1a. Leaves ca. 31 X 15 cm ........................................................... 132c. var. taibaishanensis
1b. Leaves 5.5--12.5(--14.5) X 4.5--8.5(--12) cm.
2a. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect or -partite, uppermost leaves pinnatipartite or -sect 132a. var. lactiflora
2b. Middle cauline leaves 2(or 3)-pinnatisect, uppermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or -sect 132b. var. incisa
Artemisia septemlobata H. Léveillé & Vaniot.
Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect or -partite. Uppermost leaves pinnatipartite or -sect.
Forest margins, shrublands, canyons; low elevations to 3000 m. Anhui, Fujian, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, S Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Cambodia, Indonesia, N India, Laos, Singapore].
Used for making antiphlogistic drugs.
Artemisia lactiflora Wallich ex de Candolle f. incisa Pampanini, Nuovo Giorn Bot. Ital., n.s., 34: 675. 1927.
Middle cauline leaves 2(or 3)-pinnatisect or -partite. Uppermost leaves pinnatipartite or -sect.
* Forest margins, canyons, grassy slopes, roadsides; low elevations to 1800 m. W Hubei, S Shaanxi, Sichuan.
Leaves long, ca. 31 X 15 cm, pinnatisect; base of pseudo-stipule linear. Leafy bracts triangular.
* Slopes; 1200--1900 m. Gansu (Tian-Shui), Shaanxi (Mei Xian, Tai-bai Shan, Hoa Ping-Sze).
Artemisia anthriscifolia Chang [replaced name].
Herbs perennial, 50--120 cm tall, glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 2--4 cm; leaf blades ovate-oblong or ovate, 7--15 X 5--10 cm. Proximal leaves 3-pinnatisect; middle leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, ovate-oblong or oblong, 3--6 X 2--3 cm; lobules 2 or 3 pairs, lacerate; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect or -partite. Capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid, 1--1.5 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 2--4. Bisexual florets 3--8. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov.
* Forest margins, forest shrublands; 2500--2800 m. C Sichuan.
Herbs perennial, 40--75 cm tall, puberulous or glabrescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves shortly petiolate or +/- sessile; leaves ovate, ovate-elliptic, or elliptic, 3--4(--10) X 3--6 cm, abaxially densely incanous pubescent, adaxially puberulous or glabrescent, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 3--5 pairs, ovate-elliptic or oblong; lobules lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, occasionally falcate-lanceolate, 2--15 X 1--4 mm, entire or deeply serrate; rachis narrowly winged. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Capitula in lax broad paniculate inflorescences, broadly ovoid or nearly semiglobose, 2.5--3.5(--4) mm in diam. Pistillate florets 6--12. Bisexual florets 10--23. Achenes oblong or ovoid-oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov.
* Grasslands, hills, roadsides, forest margins, forests; low elevations to 4100 m. W Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan.
1a. Segments of middle cauline leaves 4(or 5) pairs, lobules lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, rarely falcate-lanceolate ....................................................................... 134a. var. flaccida
1b. Segments of middle cauline leaves (4 or) 5 pairs, deeply serrate ...... 134b. var. meiguensis
Segments of middle cauline leaves 4(or 5) pairs; lobules lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, rarely falcate-lanceolate.
* Grasslands, hills, roadsides; 1000--4100 m. W Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan.
Segments of middle cauline leaves (4 or)5 pairs, deeply serrate.
* Roadsides, forest margins, forests; low to middle elevations. C & E Sichuan.
Artemisia vulgaris Linnaeus var. integrifolia Franchet.
Herbs perennial, 80--150 cm tall, puberulous or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 2--5 mm; leaf blades ovate, ovate-elliptic, ovate-lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate, or lanceolate, 9--22 X 2.5--4(--5.5) cm, thickly papery, abaxially incanous tomentose or glabrescent, adaxially glabrescent, occasionally 3-cleft at apex, serrate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts sessile, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, oblong or ovoid, 2--2.5 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 4--6. Bisexual florets 6--8. Achenes obovoid or obovoid-oblong. Fl. & fr. Jun-Nov. 2n = 18.
* Forest margins, roadsides, canyons, river banks, shrublands, slopes; 200--1200 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, S Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, E Sichuan, Taiwan, Zhejiang.
1a. Leaves incanous or yellowish tomentose .......................................... 135b. var. tomentella
1b. Leaves glabrescent.
2a. Leaves ovate, ovate-elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate, 9--12(--15) cm ..... 135a. var. anomala
2b. Leaves elliptic-lanceolate or lanceolate, 18--22 cm ............... 135c. var. acuminatissima
Leaves glabrescent, ovate, ovate-elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate, 9--12(--15) cm.
* Forest margins, roadsides, canyons, river banks, shrublands, slopes; 200--1200 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, S Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, E Sichuan, Taiwan.
Used for making antiphlogistic and antitoxin drugs.
Leaves ovate, ovate-elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate, 9--12 cm, incanous or yellowish tomentose abaxially.
* N Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.
Leaves elliptic-lanceolate or lanceolate, 18--22 cm, glabrescent.
* Forest margins, roadsides; low elevations. Anhui, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.
Artemisia Subgen. Dracunculus Subsect. Dracunculoides Rydberg; Dracunculia Richard; Oligosporus Cassini.
Shrubs, subshrubs, perennial or rarely annual herbs. Leaves 1--3(or 4)-pinnatisect; lobules less than 1.5 mm wide, or pectinate, less than 1.5 X 1.5 mm, or leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, entire, rarely mixed 1- or 2-lobed. Reduced ovaries minute, rarely absent.
Northern hemisphere, mainly in arid areas, few in N Africa and Central America or N of South America. 35 species and ten varieties occur in China. Many species contain aromatic compounds and some sesquiterpenoids and/or limited monoterpenoids.
1a. Annual herb; middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect, segments 5--8 pairs, 5--8 pectinate, serrate, 0.3--0.8(--1.5) X 0.3--0.8(--1.5) mm ............................................................. 170. A. blepharolepis
1b. Shrub, subshrub, annual or biennial or perennial herb; middle cauline leaves entire or divided, not pectinate.
2a. Leaves entire, linear, linear-lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate, or lanceolate, occasionally mixed 1(or 2) lateral lobes or 3-cleft at apex .................................................................. 136. A. dracunculus
2b. Leaves 1--3(or 4)-pinnatisect, lobules narrowly linear, filiform, or pubescent, or leaves palmately 5--7-parted.
3a. Capitula (2.5--)3--6 mm in diam., or 2.5--3 mm in diam., latter shrubs or subshrubs, lobules of middle cauline leaves hard, 1.5--3 mm wide.
4a. Plant more than 60 cm tall; capitula 4--6 mm in diam. or 3--4 mm in diam., latter capitula ovoid, lobules of middle cauline leaves filiform or narrow linear, 20--30 X 1.5--2.5 mm, or lobules falcate.
5a. Subshrub, shortly capitate branched; lowermost and middle cauline leaves less than 1 cm wide, pinnatisect, segments 1 or 2 pairs; capitula in spicate-racemose or narrow paniculate inflorescences 140. A. kangmarensis
5b. Shrub, much branched; middle cauline leaves (1- or) 2-pinnatisect, segments 3 or 4, or 2 or 3 pairs, latter leaves ovate or broadly ovate, more than 1 cm wide; capitula in broad or narrow paniculate inflorescences.
6a. Capitula ovoid, erect, in broad and branched or midbroad paniculate inflorescences; stem purple; segments of proximal leaves 3--5 pairs, segments of middle leaves (2 or)3 or 4 pairs 139. A. halodendron
6b. Capitula globose or subglobose, nodding, in broad or narrow paniculate inflorescences; stem incanous, brown or yellowish; segments of proximal leaves 2--4 pairs, middle leaves with 2 or 3(or 4) pairs.
7a. Middle cauline leaves (5--)6--8 X 3--4 cm, segments 2 or 3(or 4) pairs, lobules narrowly linear, straight; capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences; stem incanous 138. A. wudanica
7b. Middle cauline leaves 2--5(--8) X 1.5--3(--4) cm, segments (1 or)2 or 3, lobules narrowly linear, lateral lobules falcate; capitula in lax and broad paniculate inflorescences; stem yellowish 137. A. sphaerocephala
4b. Plant less than 20--50(--60) cm tall; capitula (2.5--)3(--4) mm in diam., or more than 4 mm, latter capitula globose and lobules in middle cauline leaves narrowly linear, or filiform, 5--10 X 0.5--1 mm, or leaves palmately 5--7-partite.
8a. Stem unbranched or few and shortly capitate branched; pubescent, leaves palmately 5--7-partite, sericeous-pubescent on both surfaces; capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, involucral bracts pubescent ........................................................................... 156. A. kuschakewiczii
8b. Stem branched; pubescent or glabrescent; leaves 1 or 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; capitula in broad or narrow paniculate inflorescences, involucral bracts pubescent or glabrescent.
9a. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves 2(or 3)-pinnatisect, lobules 0.5--0.8 mm wide; capitula semiglobose, pedicellate, in narrow racemose-paniculate inflorescences 166. A. oligocarpa
9b. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, lobules 1--2.5 mm wide; capitula not semiglobose, if pedicellate, leaf lobes falcate; capitula in broad or narrow paniculate inflorescences.
10a. Stem less than 30 cm tall; leafy bracts 2--3 X capitula and longer than capitate branches.
11a. Middle cauline leaves 10--20 X 5--15 mm, pinnatisect, midvein flat; capitula ovoid or subglobose, in lax narrow paniculate inflorescences ................... 151. A. wellbyi
11b. Middle cauline leaves 35--45 X 20--30 mm, 2-pinnatisect, midvein white, prominent abaxially; capitula globose or ovoid, in narrow paniculate inflorescences 153. A. gyangzeensis
10b. Stem 30--60 cm tall; leafy bracts longer than capitula, but shorter than capitate branches.
12a. Lateral lobes of middle cauline leaves linear, linear-lanceolate, or falcate-lanceolate; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences ............................................... 152. A. waltonii
12b. Lateral lobes in middle cauline leaves narrowly linear or filiform, straight; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences ............................................................ 143. A. prattii
3b. Capitula 1--2.5(--3) in diam.; lobules in middle cauline leaves narrowly linear, filiform or pubescent, 0.5--1.5(--2) mm wide; or capitula 2--2.5 or 3 mm in diam., plants not shrubs or subshrubs, lobules of leaves thin, 0.5--1 mm wide.
13a. Shrubs or caespitose subshrubs, with strong woody stock; lobules of middle cauline leaves narrowly linear or filiform, 0.5--1.5(--2) mm; growing in arid areas.
14a. Capitula in dense spicate inflorescences on branches.
15a. Lowermost leaves 2(or 3)-pinnatisect, segments 4 or 5(or 6) pairs; middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, segments 3 or 4(or 5) pairs; capitula ovoid or broadly ovoid, in pyramidal or broad paniculate inflorescences .................................................... 149. A. marschalliana
15b. Proximal and middle cauline leaves 1-(or 2-)pinnatisect, segments 2 pairs; capitula ovoid-oblong or ellipsoid, in narrow paniculate inflorescences ....................... 150. A. saposhnikovii
14b. Capitula in lax spicate inflorescences on branches.
16a. Proximal branches 4--10 cm, distal branches 3--5 cm; capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences.
17a. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves pinnatisect, segments of lowermost leaves 2 or 3 pairs, segments of middle leaves 1 or 2 pairs.
18a. Leaves and involucral bracts glabrescent, lobes of leaves 5--10 X 1.5--2.5 mm; capitula 1.5--2 mm in diam. .................................................................... 146. A. xanthochroa
18b. Leaves and involucral bracts puberulous, lobes of leaves 3--5(--8) X 0.5--1.5 mm; capitula 2.5(--3) mm in diam. .............................................................. 155. A. nortonii
17b. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect, or middle leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, segments 2 or 3 pairs, if pinnatisect, segments of lowermost leaves 4 or 5 pairs and segments of middle leaves 2 or 3 pairs.
19a. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1.5--2.5 X 1--1.5 cm, lowermost (1 or)2-pinnatisect, segments 2--5 pairs; capitula 1.5--2.5 mm in diam., in narrow paniculate inflorescences 154. A. xigazeensis
19b. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves less than 1 X 1 cm, 2-pinnatisect, segments 2 pairs; capitula 1--1.5 mm in diam., in midbroad or narrow paniculate inflorescences 145. A. globosoides
16b. Proximal branches more than 12 cm, distal branches more than 5 cm; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences.
20a. Petiole in middle cauline leaves 2--3(--4.5) cm; capitula subglobose 144. A. klementze
20b. Leaves sessile or petioles less than 1.5 cm in middle cauline leaves; capitula ovoid or ovoid-ellipsoid.
21a. Middle cauline leaves pinnatisect, lobes 0.5--1 mm, rarely mixed 1- or 2-lobuled at basal or middle lobes .......................................................................... 142. A. ordosica
21b. Middle cauline leaves (1 or)2-pinnatisect, 3-lobuled at basal and middle lobes, lobes or lobules 1.5--2 mm.
22a. Much branched and nearly horizontal; lobules obtuse with mucronulate apex 141. A. songarica
22b. Branched but ascending; lobules acute at apex.
23a. Bark usually dropping; lobules 15--20 X 1.5--2 mm ..... 147. A. oxycephala
23b. Bark not dropping; lobules 4--10 X (0.5--)1--1.5 mm ... 148. A. campestris
13b. Perennial, annual, or biennial herb, root solitary or nearly subshrubs, but not caespitose and lobules of leaves thin and soft, other lobules narrowly linear, filiform or pubescent, less than 1 mm wide; not growing in arid areas.
24a. Annual, biennial, or perennial herbs, root solitary, narrowly fusiform; lobules of middle cauline leaves soft and thin, narrowly linear-filiform, narrowly linear-lanceolate or pubescent, 0.2--0.5(--1) mm wide.
25a. Middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect, segments (3 or)4 pairs; capitula densely spicate on branches and in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences .............. 168. A. edgeworthii
25b. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, segments (1 or)2 or 3 pairs; capitula spreading on branches and in broad paniculate or spicate-paniculate inflorescences.
26a. Plants less than 20 cm tall, branched from base of stem, and usually procumbent; middle cauline leaves pinnatisect; capitula in spicate-paniculate inflorescences ... 161. A. demissa
26b. Plants more than 20 cm tall, branched from middle or basally on stem; middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences.
27a. Middle cauline leaves incanous or yellowish sericeous-pubescent, later glabrescent; capitula 1.5--2 mm in diam., sessile or shortly pedicellate, in broad paniculate inflorescences 167. A. scoparia
27b. Middle cauline leaves persistent pubescent; capitula 1--1.5 mm in diam., shortly pedicellate, in much branched paniculate inflorescences ............................... 169. A. pewzowii
24b. Perennial herb, or nearly subshrub, roots several, rarely solitary, but not narrowly fusiform; lobules in middle cauline leaves narrowly linear, more than (0.5--)1 mm wide.
28a. Less and shorter branched; capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences 162. A. macilenta
28b. More and long branched; capitula in broad or midbroad, rarely narrow paniculate inflorescences.
29a. Capitula 1--1.5(--2) mm in diam., spreading apically on branches or branchlets and in broad and elongated paniculate inflorescences.
30a. Basal and lowermost leaves 7--8 X 5--7.5 cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect or -partite, lobules 10--20 X 2--4 mm; involucral bracts revolute at apex ..................... 163. A. chienshanica
30b. Basal and lowermost leaves 2--4(--5) X 1.5--3.5 cm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect, lobules 5--10 X 0.5--1.5(--2) mm; involucral bracts erect at apex ......................... 164. A. capillaris
29b. Capitula 1.5--2 mm in diam., spreading on whole branches or branchlets.
31a. Middle cauline leaves 1(or 2)-pinnatisect, segments 1 or 2(or 3) pairs, lobules narrowly linear; capitula several, in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences.
32a. Middle cauline leaves 3--3.5 X 3--4 cm, lobes (10--)20--30 X 1--2 mm; capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences ............................................. 165. A. morrisonensis
32b. Middle cauline leaves 1.5--2.5 X 1.5--2.5 cm, lobes 3--5 X 0.5--1 mm; capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences .................................................. 160. A. gansuensis
31b. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, latter lobes or lobules linear-lanceolate or nearly subulate, segments in middle cauline leaves (2 or)3 pairs; capitula in broad or midbroad, rarely narrow, paniculate inflorescences.
33a. Branches and leaves incanous pubescent, later glabrescent; lobules of leaves narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate ................................................. 159. A. pubescens
33b. Branches and leaves persistent incanous or yellowish pubescent; lobules linear-lanceolate or narrowly linear-subulate or subulate, 1--1.5 mm wide.
34a. Branches and leaves densely incanous pubescent; lobules of leaves linear-lanceolate 157. A. forrestii
34b. Branches and leaves densely yellowish pubescent; lobules of leaves narrowly linear lanceolate or subulate ........................................................................... 158. A. mairei
Subshrubs 40--150(--200) cm tall, densely or sparsely puberulous, later sparsely puberulous or glabrescent. Leaves sessile, puberulous or glabrescent. Middle cauline leaves linear-lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate, or linear, (15--)30--70(--100) X 2--6 mm, entire or mixed 3-partite or -cleft apically, or mixed small 1(or 2) lateral lobes. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts minute, linear or lanceolate, 5--30 X 1--2 mm. Capitula in broad, midbroad or narrow paniculate inflorescences, subglobose, ovoid or semiglobose, 2--4 mm in diam., shortly pedicellate or +/- sessile; involucral bracts glabrescent. Pistillate florets 6--10. Bisexual florets 4--14. Achenes obovoid or obovoid-ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 18, 36, 54, 72, 90.
Dry slopes, steppe, semidesert steppe, forest steppe, forest margins, waste areas, roadsides, terraces, subalpine meadows, meadow steppe, dry river valleys, terraces, rocky slopes, saline-alkali soils; 500--3800 m. W Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, N Shaanxi, N Shanxi, Xinjiang [Afghanistan, N India, Kazakstan, Mongolia, N & W Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan; C & W Asia, C, E & W Europe, North America].
1a. Stem shortly capitate branched; stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts densely tomentose, later sparsely tomentose; leaves entire ........................................................ 136e. var. pamirica
1b. Stem much branched, stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts glabrescent; leaves lobed or divided.
2a. Leaves elliptic-lanceolate or lanceolate, 3--6 mm wide, entire or mixed some leaves 3-partite or -cleft at apex ......................................................................................... 136b. var. turkestanica
2b. Leaves linear or lanceolate, 1--2(--3) mm, entire or mixed some leaves 1(or 2), small lateral linear lobes; capitula 1.5--2.5(--3) mm in diam., sessile or pedicellate, or 3--4 mm in diam., in racemose-paniculate inflorescences.
3a. Capitula 3--4 mm in diam., +/- sessile, in racemose-paniculate inflorescences 136c. var. changaica
3b. Capitula 2--2.5(--3) mm in diam., +/- sessile, or ca. 3 mm in diam., pedicellate, pedicel 2--5 mm, in broad or midbroad or narrow paniculate inflorescences.
4a. Capitula +/- sessile, in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences 136a. var. dracunculus
4b. Capitula pedicellate, pedicel 2--5 mm, in lax and narrow paniculate inflorescences 136d. var. qinghaiensis
Artemisia desertorum Sprengel var. macrocephala Franchet; A. dracunculus Linnaeus var. inodora Besser; A. glauca Maximowicz; A. inodora Willdenow; Oligosporus dracunculus (Linnaeus) Poljakov.
Plants glabrescent; leaves linear-lanceolate or linear, 1--2(--3) mm wide, entire or mixed leaves with 1(or 2) small lateral lobes. Capitula in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, 2--2.5(--3) mm in diam., sessile.
Dry slopes, steppe, semidesert steppe, forest steppe, forest margins, waste areas, roadsides, terraces, subalpine meadows, saline-alkali soils; 500--3800 m. W Gansu, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, N Shaanxi, N Shanxi, Xinjiang [Afghanistan, N India, Mongolia, N Pakistan, Russia; C & W Asia, E, C & W Europe, North America].
Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, 3--6 mm wide, usually mixed leaves 3-partite or -fid at apex. Capitula 3--4 mm in diam.; +/- sessile or shortly pedicellate.
Dry river valleys, terraces, steppe, roadsides, waste areas; 800--2500 m. Xinjiang [Kazakstan].
Artemisia changaica Krascheninnikov, Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR 1(3): 346. 1937; Oligosporus changaicus (Krascheninnikov) Poljakov.
Leaves linear-lanceolate or linear and entire, but usually mixed leaves laterally with 1(or 2), small narrowly linear lobes. Capitula in narrow racemose-paniculate inflorescences, 3--4 mm in diam., +/- sessile.
Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang [Mongolia].
Leaves linear-lanceolate or linear. Capitula in lax midbroad paniculate inflorescences, globose or subglobose, 2--3 mm in diam., nodding, with 2--5 mm pedicels.
* Waste area, roadsides; 2500--3500 m. E & N Qinghai.
Artemisia pamirica C. Winkler, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 11: 329. 1890; A. simplicifolia Pampanini; Oligosporus pamiricus (C. Winkler) Poljakov.
Stem, branches, and leaves densely tomentose, later sparsely tomentose. Capitula in dense narrow paniculate inflorescences.
Rocky slopes, meadow steppe; 3000--3400 m. Qinghai, W Xinjiang, W Xizang [Afghanistan, W Pakistan, Tajikistan].
Artemisia salsoloides Ling; A. salsoloides var. mongolica Pampanini; Oligosporus sphaerocephalus (Krascheninnikov) Poljakov.
Shrubs 80--150 tall, with a strong woody stock, incanous or yellowish, bark dropping, puberulous or glabrescent, long and shortly branched. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 3--8 mm; leaf blades broadly ovate or ovate, 2--5(--8) X 1.5--3(--4) cm, +/- succulent, puberulous or glabrescent, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments (1 or)2 or 3 pairs, lateral middle lobes longer than other lobes, 3-sect; lobules linear or falcate, (5--)10--20(--30) X (1--)1.5--2 mm, mucronulate apically. Uppermost leaves pinnatisect or 3-lobed; leafy bracts narrowly linear, entire. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, globose or subglobose, 3--4 mm in diam., shortly pedicellate; involucral bracts +/- leathery. Pistillate florets 4--12. Bisexual florets 6--20. Achenes minute, obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
Dunes of desert areas, desert steppe, dry slopes; 1000--2900 m. N & W Gansu, SW Nei Mongol, Ningxia, N Qinghai, N Shaanxi, N Shanxi, E Xinjiang [S Mongolia].
Used for windbreaks and sand stabilization, and used medicinally.
Shrubs 100--200 cm tall or more, incanous, with many long branches, branchlets, and with short branches. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--6 cm; leaf blades broadly ovate, (5--)6--8 X 3--4 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3(or 4) pairs, 2- or 3-lobuled; lobules narrowly linear, 20--40 X 1.5--2.5 mm, mucronulate apically. Uppermost leaves and involucral bracts pinnatisect or 3-lobed; lobes narrowly linear. Capitula in narrow or midbroad and elongated paniculate inflorescences, globose or subglobose, 4--5 mm in diam., nodding, shortly pedicellate. Pistillate florets 7--9. Bisexual florets 14--22. Achenes oblong-obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Dunes of desert areas; low or middle elevations. N Hebei, S Nei Mongol.
Used for windbreaks and sand stabilization.
Artemisia intramongolica H. C. Fu; A. intramongolica var. microphylla H. C. Fu; Oligosporus halodendron (Turczaninow ex Besser) Poljakov.
Shrubs 50--80 tall, purple, with many long branches and branchlets, glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1--4 cm; leaf blades broadly ovate or suborbicular, puberulous or glabrescent, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments (2 or)3 or 4 pairs, basal lobes longer than others; lobules 1 or 2 pairs, narrowly linear, 10--15(--20) X 0.5--1 mm, mucronulate apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3--5-sect or entire. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, numerous, ovoid, (2.5--)3--4 mm in diam., erect, shortly pedicellate or +/- sessile. Pistillate florets 4--8. Bisexual florets 8--15. Achenes ovoid-oblong or obovoid-ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
Dunes of desert areas, desert steppe, steppe, forest steppe, rocky slopes. N Gansu, N Hebei, W Heilongjiang, W Jilin, W Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, N Shaanxi, N Shanxi, E Xinjiang [Mongolia, Russia].
Used for windbreaks and sand stabilization.
Subshrubs 30--40 cm tall, shortly capitate branched, puberulous or glabrescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, oblong or elliptic, 10--25 X 5--10 mm, abaxially puberulous or glabrescent, pinnatisect; segments 1 or 2 pairs; lobes linear, linear-lanceolate, or falcate, 3--6 X 1 mm. Distal leaves and leafy bracts 3-lobed or entire. Capitula in narrow spicate paniculate inflorescences, globose or semiglobose, 5--6 mm in diam., sessile or shortly pedicellate. Pistillate florets 8--15. Bisexual florets 20--35; corolla limb puberulous or glabrescent. Achenes obovoid or ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Roadsides, slopes; 4300--4500. E Xizang.
Oligosporus soongaricus (Schrenk) Poljakov.
Shrubs 30--80 cm tall, puberulous or glabrescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves sessile, ovate-oblong, 2--4 X 2 cm. 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs, usually lateral and basal lobes 3-sect; lobules linear, 5--10(--12) X 1.5--2 mm, mucronulate apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts linear. Capitula in lax broad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam., sessile or shortly pedicellate, nodding. Pistillate florets 4--5. Bisexual florets 6--10. Achenes ovoid. Fl. & fr. Jun-Oct. 2n = 18.
Dunes of desert areas, rocky slopes; low to middle elevations. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan].
Artemisia ordosica Kraschennikov var. fulva H. C. Fu; A. ordosica var. montana H. C. Fu; A. salsoloides Pampanini; A. salsoloides var. mongolica Pampanini.
Shrubs 50--100 cm tall, with a strong woody stock, much branched, purple or later brown. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, 3--5(--7) X 2--4 cm. Lowermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, basal lobes 2- or 3-lobed. Middle cauline leaves 1-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs, narrowly linear, 15--30 X 0.5--1 mm, straight or falcate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3- or 5-sect or entire. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid, 1.5--2.5 mm in diam., nodding or oblique. Pistillate florets 10--14. Bisexual florets 5--7. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 36@.
* Dunes, desert areas, dry slopes, desert steppe; low elevations to 1500 m. N Hebei, Nei Mongol, N Shanxi; cultivated in C & W Gansu, Ningxia, N Shaanxi, Xinjiang.
Used for windbreaks and sand stabilization. Also used for making antiphlogistic drugs.
Artemisia salsoloides Pampanini var. prattii Pampanini, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 34: 689. 1927; A. salsoloides var. paniculata J. D. Hooker, p.p.
Shrubs 30--50 cm tall, much petiolate. Lowermost leaves shortly petiolate. Middle cauline leaves sessile, oblong or suborbicular, 2--3 X 2--2.5 cm, pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3, narrowly linear, 8--12 X 1--1.5 mm. Uppermost leaves 3- or 5-lobed; leafy bracts narrowly linear. Capitula solitary or 2 or 3 grouped, in broad paniculate inflorescences, globose, ovoid, or broadly ovoid, 2.5--3 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 5--8. Bisexual florets 6--15. Achenes obovoid or ovoid-ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Sep.
* Dry hills, subalpine semidesert steppe; 2500--3600. SE Qinghai, W Sichuan, E Xizang.
Artemisia xylorrhiza Krascheninnikov.
Shrubs 30--60 cm tall, much branched. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 2--3(--4.5) cm; leaf blades broadly ovate or suborbicular, 2--3 X 2--3 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 2(or 3) pairs, lateral middle lobes 3-lobed; lobes or lobules narrowly linear, 10--15 X 0.5--l mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3- or 5-lobed or entire. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, subglobose, 2--2.5 mm in diam., nodding. Pistillate florets 3--5. Bisexual florets 5--10. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
Dunes of desert and semidesert areas, steppe; up to 1500 m. E & SE Nei Mongol [Mongolia].
Subshrubs 30--35 cm tall. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1--1.5 cm; leaf blades suborbicular, oblong, or ovate, 5--8 X 5--8 mm, pubescent or glabrescent, 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 pairs, 2- or 3-sectioned; lobules linear or narrowly lanceolate, 2--3 X 1 mm, mucronulate apically. Distal leaves and leafy bracts 3- or 5-sect. Capitula in midbroad or narrow paniculate inflorescences, ovoid, 1--1.5 mm in diam., nodding. Pistillate florets 2--4. Bisexual florets 3--5. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Sand dunes, dune margins, waste areas. Nei Mongol, Ningxia.
Oligosporus xanthochloa (Krascheninnikov) Poljakov.
Subshrubs 20--60 cm tall, pubescent or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--15 mm; leaf blades ovate, 1.5--2 X 1.5--2 cm, pinnatisect; segments of proximal leaves 2 or 3 pairs, segments of middle leaves 1 or 2 pairs, narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 5--10 X 1.5--2.5 mm. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid, 2--2.5 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 3--6. Bisexual florets 3--7. Achenes ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Dry slopes, steppe, Gobi. N Nei Mongol [Mongolia].
Artemisia arenaria H. C. Fu; A. campestris Kitamura; A. oxycephala f. taiyangensis G. Y. Chang, L. S. Wang & H. X. Ma??; A. oxycephala subsp. shanhaiensis G. Y. Chang, L. S. Wang & H. X. Ma??; A. oxycephala var. xinkaiensis G. Y. Chang & L. S. Wang??; A. pubescens Ledebour var. oxycephala (Kitagawa) Kitagawa.
Subshrubs 50--80 cm tall. Lowermost leaves long petiolate; middle cauline leaves +/- sessile; leaf blades broadly ovate or suborbicular, 2--5 X 2--3 cm, puberulous or glabrescent, 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs; lateral lobes 3-sect; lobes or lobules narrowly linear, 15--20 X 1.5--2 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3--5-sect or entire. Capitula in lax broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, oblong, 1.5--2.5(--3.5) mm in diam. Pistillate florets 8--14. Bisexual florets 3--10. Achenes oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Steppe, dry hills, dunes, saline-alkali soils, lakeshores, forest steppe; low elevations. N Hebei, W Heilongjiang, W Jilin, W Liaoning, Nei Mongol, N Shanxi.
Artemisia campestris var. glutinosa (Gay ex Bess.) Y. R. Ling??; A. glutinosa Gay ex Bess.??; A. inodora M. Bieberstein, p.p.; Oligosporus campestris (Linnaeus) Cassini.
Shrubs 30--60 cm tall, with a strong woody stock, much branched, pubescent or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 3--5 cm; leaf blade broadly ovate or ovate, (3--)4--5(--8) X 2.5--5 cm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, 3--5-sect; lobules narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 4--10 X (0.5--)1--1.5 mm, mucronulate apically. Middle cauline leaves sessile, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3--5-sect or entire. Capitula in lax broad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid, 1.5--2.5 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 3--6. Bisexual florets 6--10. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 18, 36.
Steppe, waste areas, rocky slopes, dune margins; 300--3100 m. N Gansu, Taiwan, Xinjiang [Russia; C Asia, Europe, North America].
Subshrubs or small shrubs with a thick stock, 30--70(--80) cm tall, incanous pubescent or sericeous-pubescent, persistent or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 3--6 cm; leaf blade oblong-ovate or ovate, (3--)4--8(--10) X 2--5(--6) cm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 4--6 pairs, 3--5-lobuled; lobules narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 6--15 X (0.5--)1--1.5 mm, mucronulate apically. Middle cauline and uppermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4(or 5) pairs; leafy bracts 3--5-sect or entire. Capitula grouped on branches and in ascending, pyramidal or broad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or broadly ovoid, 1.5--2.5(--3) mm in diam. Pistillate florets 3--8. Bisexual florets 5--15. Achenes ovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
Steppe, forest steppe, wasteland, rocky slopes, hills; 500--2200 m. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Russia; Europe].
1a. Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts incanous pubescent, later glabrescent; capitula in ascending and pyramidal paniculate inflorescences ..................................... 149a. var. marschalliana
1b. Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts persistent sericeous-pubescent; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences ............................................................................... 149b. var. sericophylla
Artemisia albida Willdenow ex Sprengel; A. campestris Linnaeus var. gmeliniana Besser; A. campestris var. marschalliana (Sprengel) Poljakov; A. campestris var. steveniana Besser; A. inodora M. Bieberstein; A. tomentella Trautvetter var. subglabra Krascheninnikov; Dracunculus marschallianus Lessing; Oligosporus marschallianus Lessing.
Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts incanous pubescent, later glabrescent. Capitula in ascending and pyramidal paniculate inflorescences.
Steppe, forest steppe, wasteland, rocky slopes, hills; 500--2200 m. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Russia; Europe].
Artemisia sericophylla Ruprecht, Beitr. Pflanzenk. Russ. Reiches 2: 41. 1845; A. campestris Linnaeus var. sericophylla (Ruprecht) Poljakov.
Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts persistent sericeous-pubescent. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences.
Habitat, elevation, and distribution same as var. marschalliana.
Subshrubs or nearly shrubs, 30--40 cm tall with a thick stock and capitate branches. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 3--15 mm; leaf blades ovate, 10--30 X 5--25 mm, yellowish pubescent or glabrescent, 1(or 2)-pinnatisect; segments 2 pairs, narrowly linear, straight or falcate, 3--8(--15) X 0.5--1 mm, obtuse and mucronulate apically. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect, 3-sect, or entire. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, oblong-ovoid or ellipsoid, 2--2.5 mm in diam., nodding. Pistillate florets 4 or 5. Bisexual florets 4--6. Achenes oblong or oblong-obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 36.
Rocky terraces, canyons, dry valleys, roadsides; 1300--2500 m. SW Xinjiang [Kyrgyzstan].
Artemisia salsoloides J. D. Hooker, p.p.; A. salsoloides var. wellbyi (Hemsley & Pearson) Ostenfeld & Paulsen; Oligosporus wellbyi (Hemsley & Pearson) Poljakov.
Subshrubs 15--28 cm tall, with a thick stock, densely incanous or yellowish and sericeous-pubescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--20 mm. Proximal leaves ovate or elliptic-ovate, 15--25 X 8--18 mm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; lobules linear or linear-lanceolate, 4--5 X 0.5--2 mm. Middle cauline leaves elliptic-ovate, 10--20 X 5--15 mm, 1(or 2)-pinnatisect; segments 3(or 4) pairs; lobules 4--10(--18) X 1--1.5 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3- or 5-sect or entire. Capitula densely or later loosely in branches and in narrow lax paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or subglobose, 2.5--3.5(--4) mm in diam.; involucral bracts puberulous or glabrescent. Pistillate florets 5--15. Bisexual florets 8--16. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Nov.
River banks, lakeshores, hills, rocky slopes, alpine steppe, alpine meadows; 3600--5300 m. Xizang [N India].
Shrubs 30--60 cm tall, much branched, puberulous or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 2--5 mm. Middle cauline leaves sessile, incanous puberulous. Proximal leaves ovate-oblong or oblong, 2--2.5 X 1.5--1.8 cm, 2-pinnatisect or -partite; segments 3 pairs; lobules linear-lanceolate or narrowly linear. Middle cauline leaves 1(or 2)-pinnatisect or -partite; lobes various, linear, linear-lanceolate, or falcate-lanceolate, 3--15 X 1.5--2.5 mm, margin nearly revolute, obtuse or acuminate and mucronulate apically; veins convex abaxially, concave adaxially. Uppermost leaves 3--5-partite; leafy bracts lanceolate or falcate. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, globose, subglobose or subovoid, 2.5--3(--3.5) mm in diam., +/- sessile or shortly pedicellate, nodding. Pistillate florets 18--29. Bisexual florets 20--30; corolla limb puberulous. Achenes oblong or obovoid. Fl. & fr. May-Sep.
* Roadsides, river banks, shrublands, slopes, steppe, dry valleys, waste areas; 3000--4300 m. S Qinghai, W Sichuan, Xizang, W Yunnan.
1a. Lobes of leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, 3--8 mm, obtuse; capitula sessile 152a. var. waltonii
1b. Lobes of leaves falcate-lanceolate, 8--15 mm, acuminate; capitula shortly pedicellate 152b. var. yushuensis
Lobes of middle cauline leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, 3--8 mm, obtuse apically. Capitula sessile.
* Roadsides, river banks, shrublands, slopes, steppe, dry valleys; 3000--4300 m. S Qinghai, W Sichuan, Xizang, W Yunnan.
Lobes of middle cauline leaves falcate-lanceolate, 8--15 mm, acuminate apically. Capitula shortly pedicellate.
* Slopes, waste areas; middle to high elevations. S Qinghai, N Xizang.
Subshrubs 20--30 cm tall. Branches capitate, 4--5 cm, puberulous or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1--2 cm; leaf blades ovate or oblong, 3.5--4.5 X 2--3 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 pairs, 8--12 X 5 mm; lobules 1 or 2 pairs, narrowly linear-lanceolate or narrowly linear, 5--10 X 1.5--2 mm; midvein white, prominent abaxially. Uppermost leaves pinnatisect; leafy bracts 3-sect or entire. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, globose or ovoid-globose, 2.5--3.5 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 3--8. Bisexual florets 10--20. Achenes obovoid or ovoid-elliptic. Fl. & fr. Jul-Sep.
* Slopes; ca. 3900 m. S Gansu, Qinghai, E Xizang.
Artemisia salsoloides J. D. Hooker, p.p.; A. salsoloides var. paniculata J. D. Hooker cum syn.; A. salsoloides var. salsoloides J. D. Hooker; A. salsoloides var. salsoloides J. D. Hooker f. halodendron (J. D. Hooker) Pampanini, p.p.; A. salsoloides var. salsoloides J. D. Hooker f. paniculata (J. D. Hooker) Pampanini.
Subshrubs 30--40 cm tall, with a thick stock, incanous pubescent, or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 1--1.7 cm; petiole of middle cauline leaves 8--13 mm. Lowermost leaves oblong, 1.5--2.5 X 1--1.5 cm, (1 or)2-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs; lobules narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 3--10 X 0.5 mm, straight or falcate, mucronulate apically. Middle cauline leaves oblong, 10--15 X 7--13 mm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3--5-sect or entire. Capitula densely or later loosely in branches and in narrow paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or ovoid-campanulate, 1.5--2.5 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 5--8. Bisexual florets 5--9. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Rocky slopes, steppe, roadsides; 2700--4600. Gansu, Qinghai, E Xizang.
Herbs perennial, 15--25 cm tall, branched apically, incanous pubescent. Leaves +/- sessile. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves oblong or oblong-ovate, 15--20(--25) X 5--15 mm, pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs in lowermost leaves and 1 or 2 pairs in middle leaves, linear or linear-lanceolate, 3--5(--8) X 0.5--1.5 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3-sect or entire. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose or subglobose, 2.5(--3) mm in diam. Pistillate florets 3--7. Bisexual florets 5--10. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jun-Oct.
* Slopes; ca. 4200 m. E & S Xizang.
Oligosporus kuschakewiczii (C. Winkler) Poljakov.
Herbs perennial, 5--12(--15) cm tall, with a thick stock, white sericeous-pubescent or glabrescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves suborbicular or ovate, 5--25 X 5--25 mm, nearly palmately 5--7-partite; lobes not or rarely (2--)3--5-lobuled; lobes or lobules linear-lanceolate, 2--5 X 1--2 mm. Uppermost leaves 3--5-partite; leafy bracts linear. Capitula in spicate- or racemose-paniculate inflorescences, ovoid, 2.5--3 mm in diam.; involucral bracts white or yellowish sericeous-puberulous. Pistillate florets 5--6. Bisexual florets 9--12. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Lakeshores, river banks, slopes; 3500--4000 m. Xinjiang, W Xizang [Tajikistan].
Subshrubs 50--75 cm tall, densely incanous pubescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, ovate, 2.5--4 X 1.5--3 cm, pinnatisect; segments 2 pairs, linear-lanceolate, 15--20 X 1--1.5(--2) mm. Uppermost leaves 3--5-sect; leafy bracts 3-sect or entire. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, subglobose, 2--2.5 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 2 or 3. Bisexual florets 4--8. Achenes minute. Fl & fr. Sep-Nov.
* Slopes, waste areas; 2200--3800. Yunnan.
Artemisia mairei H. Léveillé f. latifolia Pampanini.
Herbs perennial, 40--60 cm tall, yellowish pubescent. Leaves sessile; lowermost and middle cauline leaves ovate, 1.5--3 X 1--2 cm, pinnatisect; segments 2 pairs, subulate or linear-subulate, 10--15 X 1 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3-sect or entire. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, subglobose, (1.5--)2 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 2 or 3. Bisexual florets 3--7. Achenes minute. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov.
* Slopes, roadsides; 2100--3600 m. Yunnan.
Herbs perennial, 25--60 cm tall, with a thick stock, yellow-brown tomentose at base and incanous pubescent above, later glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 2--5 cm; leaf blades ovate, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments (2 or)3 or 4 pairs, basal and middle lobes lobuled; lobules narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 10--30 X 0.5--1.5(--2) mm. Uppermost leaves pinnatisect; leafy bracts 3-sect or entire. Capitula in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, numerous, oblong, subglobose or ovoid, 1.5--3 mm in diam., erect, oblique, or nodding. Pistillate florets 8--15. Bisexual florets 10--15. Achenes oblong or oblong-ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Steppe, forest steppe, meadows, forest margins, hills, waste areas, rocky slopes, roadsides, stable dunes of desert margins; low to middle elevations. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, N Shaanxi, N Shanxi, NW Sichuan, Xinjiang [Mongolia, Russia].
1a. Capitula broadly ovoid, 2.5--3 mm in diam., erect or oblique, in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences ................................................................................. 159b. var. gebleriana
1b. Capitula subglobose or ovoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam., oblique or nodding, in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences.
2a. Herb; leaves puberulous abaxially; capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences 159a. var. pubescens
2b. Subshrub; leaves glabrescent; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences 159c. var. coracina
Artemisia campestris Ledebour, p.p.; A. campestris Ledebour var. pubescens (Ledebour) Trautvetter & Meyer; A. capillaris Thunberg var. simplex Maximowicz; A. commutata Besser; A. commutata Besser var. helmiana Besser; A. commutata var. pallasiana Besser; A. desertorum Sprengel var. sprengeliana Besser f. helmiana (Besser) Pampanini; A. pubescens var. monostachya (Bunge ex Maximowicz) Y. R. Ling??; A. pubescens var. pumila (H. C. Fu & C. Y. Li) H. C. Fu & C. Y. Li??; A. pubescens var. taheensis G. Y. Chang & L. S. Wang??; Oligosporus adfinis Lessing; O. commutatus (Besser) Poljakov.
Herbs. Leaves pubescent. Capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences, subglobose or ovoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam.
* Steppe, forest steppe, meadows, forest margins, hills, waste areas, rocky slopes, roadsides; low to middle elevations. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, N Shaanxi, N Shanxi, NW Sichuan, Xinjiang.
Artemisia commutata Besser var. gebleriana Besser, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, n.s., 8: 72. 1835; A. desertorum Sprengel var. sprengeliana Besser f. gebleriana (Besser) Pampanini.
Herbs. Leaves glabrescent. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, broadly ovoid, 2.5--3 mm in diam., erect or oblique.
Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol [Mongolia, Russia].
Artemisia coracina W. Wang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17(4): 89. 1979.
Herbs. Leaves glabrescent. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences.
* Stable dunes of desert margins. W Jilin.
Subshrubs 18--30(--40) cm tall, incanous puberulous or glabrescent. Lowermost leaves shortly petiolate; middle cauline leaves +/- sessile. Lowermost leaves broadly ovate or suborbicular, 2--3(--3.5) X 2--3 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments (2 or)3(or 4) pairs, 3-sect; lobules narrowly linear, 5--8 X 0.5--1 mm, mucronulate apically. Middle leaves 1.5--2.5 X 1.5--2.5 cm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3- or 5-lobed. Capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid-campanulate or broadly ovoid, 1--2 mm, sessile or with 1--5 mm pedicels. Pistillate florets 3--6. Bisexual florets 4--8. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Dry slopes, roadsides, Gobi, desert margins. Gansu, N Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, N Shanxi.
1a. Capitula 1.5--2 mm in diam., sessile or with 1--2 mm pedicels ......... 160a. var. gansuensis
1b. Capitula 1(--1.5) mm in diam., pedicels 3--5 mm .............................. 160b. var. oligantha
Capitula 1.5--2 mm in diam., sessile or with 1--2 mm pedicels.
* Dry slopes, roadsides. Gansu, N Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, N Shanxi.
Capitula 1(--1.5) mm in diam., pedicels 3--5 mm.
* Gobi, desert margins. S Nei Mongol.
Oligosporus demissus (Krascheninnikov) Poljakov.
Herbs annual or biennial, 5--20 cm, much branched; proximal branches procumbent, yellowish pubescent or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 5--10 mm; leaf blade oblong or ovate, 10--15 X 8--13 mm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3; lobules narrowly linear-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 3--5 X 1 mm, mucronulate apically. Middle cauline and uppermost leaves pinnatisect; leafy bracts narrowly linear, entire. Capitula in narrow spicate-paniculate inflorescences, ovoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts pubescent or glabrescent. Pistillate florets 10--19. Bisexual florets 3--8. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Sep. 2n = 18.
Valleys, slopes, roadsides, grasslands, rocky hills; 2600--4800 m. Gansu, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, W Sichuan, Xizang [Afghanistan, India, Tajikistan].
Artemisia campestris Linnaeus var. macilenta Maximowicz, Prim. Fl. Amur. 158. 1859; A. capillaris Thunberg var. simplex Maximowicz, p.p.; A. commutata Besser var. helmiana Besser, p.p.; A. desertorum Sprengel var. macilenta (Maximowicz) Pampanini; Oligosporus macilentus (Maximowicz) Poljakov.
Herbs perennial or nearly subshrubs, 40--70 cm tall, puberulous or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 1--3 cm; leaf blade ovate or broadly ovate, 2--4 X 2--4 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs; lobules 7--12(--15) X 0.3--0.5(--1) mm. Middle cauline and uppermost leaves +/- sessile, pinnatisect; segments 2 pairs; leafy bracts narrowly linear, entire. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or subglobose, 1--1.5(--2) mm in diam. Pistillate florets 3--6. Bisexual florets 4--8. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Dry slopes, valleys, roadsides, forest margins, steppe, forest steppe; low to middle elevations. N Hebei, Nei Mongol, N Shanxi [E Russia].
Subshrubs 25 cm tall or more, brown or yellowish tomentose or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 1--3 cm; petiole of middle cauline leaves 5--10 mm. Lowermost leaves ovate or obovate, 7--8 X 5--7.5 cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect or -partite; segments 4(or 5) pairs; lobules (1 or)2 pairs, lanceolate, linear, or linear-lanceolate. Middle leaves ovate or broadly ovate, 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3(or 4) pairs; lobules narrowly linear or -linear-lanceolate, 5--15 X 1--1.5 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect or 3-sect. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, oblong, 1--1.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts revolute apically. Pistillate florets 5--7. Bisexual florets 5--6. Achenes oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Hills, slopes. Liaoning (Chienshan, Anshan).
Artemisia capillaris Thunberg var. arbuscula Miquel; A. capillaris var. acaulis Pampanini; A. capillaris var. grandiflora (Pampanini) Pampanini; A. capillaris var. sacchalinensis (Tilesius) Pampanini cum forms; A. hallaisanensis Nakai var. formosana Pampanini; A. hallaisanensis var. philippinensis Pampanini cum forms; A. sacchalinensis Tilesius ex Besser; A. scoparia Maximowicz; Oligosporus capillaris (Thunberg) Poljakov.
Subshrubs 40--120 cm tall or more, strongly aromatic, incanous or yellowish sericeous-pubescent, or later glabrescent. Basal leaves rosulate. Petioles of basal or lowermost leaves 3--7 mm, yellowish or incanous pubescent, later glabrescent; leaf blades ovate or ovate-elliptic, 2--4(--5) X 1.5--3.5 cm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3(or 4) pairs; lobules narrowly linear or linear-lanceolate, 5--10 X 0.5--1.5(--2) mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3- or 5-sect. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or subglobose, numerous, spreading in branches or branchlets apically. Pistillate florets 6--10. Bisexual florets 3--7. Achenes oblong or oblong-ovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 18--20 (+ 0--1b), 22, 36@.
Humid slopes, hills, terraces, roadsides, river banks; 100--2700 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hebei, E Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, E & S Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Cambodia, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, E Russia, Vietnam].
Well known for making diuretic and detoxifying drugs.
Subshrubs 50--60 cm tall, puberulous, glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1--2 cm. Proximal leaves suborbicular or ovate-triangular, 3--4 X 4 cm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; middle cauline leaves 3--3.5 X 3--4 cm, 1(or 2)-pinnatisect; segments 2(or 3) pairs, 3-lobuled; lobules (10--)20--30 X 1--2 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3--5-lobed. Capitula in narrow racemose-paniculate inflorescences, subglobose, 1.5--2 mm, shortly pedicellate or +/- sessile. Pistillate florets 11--15. Bisexual florets 4--16. Achenes ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Jun-Nov. 2n = 34@.
* Forest margins, roadsides, slopes; 300--2500 m. Taiwan.
Artemisia borealis Kitamura quoad pl. Taiwan; A. borealis var. oligocarpa (Hayata) Kitamura.
Subshrubs 15--35 cm tall, sericeous-pubescent or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--10 mm; leaf blades broadly ovate, 2.5--4.5 X 2.5--4.5 cm, sericeous-pubescent or glabrescent, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3(or 4) pairs, 3- or 5-lobuled, linear, narrowly linear, or filiform, 4--10 X 0.5--1 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3- or 5-lobed. Capitula in racemose-paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose, 3(--4) mm in diam. Pistillate florets 10--15. Bisexual florets 11--18; corolla limb purple. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Nov. 2n = 18@.
* Grasslands, high mountain tops; 2500--3800 m. Taiwan.
Artemisia capillaris Miquel, p.p.; A. capillaris var. acaulis Pampanini, p.p.; A. capillaris var. grandiflora Pampanini incl. forms.; A. capillaris var. scoparia (Waldstein & Kitaibel) Pampanini incl. forms.; A. elegans Roxburgh; A. kohatica Klatt; A. scoparia Waldstein & Kitaibel var. heteromorpha Kitagawa; A. scopariaeformis M. Popov; Oligosporus scoparius (Waldstein & Kitaibel) Poljakov.
Herbs perennial, annual, or biennial, strongly aromatic, 40--90(--130) cm tall, much branched from lower stem; stem branches and leaves incanous or yellowish sericeous-pubescent, later glabrescent. Petiole of proximal leaves 2--4 cm; leaf blade ovate-oblong or elliptic, 1.5--3.5 X 1--3 cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; lobules 1 or 2 pairs, 3--5 X 0.2--1 mm. Middle cauline leaves sessile, oblong or ovate-oblong, 10--20 X 5--15 mm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs; lobules filiform or pubescent, 4--8 X 0.2--0.3(--0.5) mm, usually curved. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3--5-sect. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, subglobose, rarely ovoid, numerous, 1--1.5(--2) mm in diam., shortly pedicellate or sessile. Pistillate florets 5--7. Bisexual florets 4--10. Achenes obovoid or oblong. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 16-18, 36.
Slopes, forest margins, roadsides, steppe, terraces, desert margins, dry river beds; low elevations to 3200 m in E, N, NW & S, or to 3800--4000 m in SW China (list provinces: Hubei ???) [Afghanistan, India, Japan, Korea, Pakistan, Russia, Thailand; C & SW Asia, Europe].
Well known for making diuretic and detoxifying drugs.
Artemisia demissa Krascheninnikov, p.p.; A. stricta Edgeworth.
Herbs annual or biennial, 10--40(--90) cm tall; branches ascending or diffuse, incanous pubescent or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 2--2.8 cm; petiole of middle cauline leaves 5--10(--20) mm; leaf blades ovate or ovate-oblong; proximal leaves 1.5--2.5(--3) X 1--2(--2.5) cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; middle cauline leaves 10--20 X 5--8 mm, 2-pinnatisect; segments (3 or) 4 pairs, 10--15 X 4--8 mm, 3-lobuled; lobules narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 2--3 X 1--1.5 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect, sessile. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, subglobose or ovoid, 2--2.5 mm in diam., sessile, erect; involucral bracts glabrescent. Pistillate florets 10--20. Bisexual florets 3--5. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Sep.
Dry slopes, roadsides, forest margins, valleys, waste areas, shrublands; 2200--4700 m. C Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, S Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan [N India, Nepal].
1a. Stem more than 20 cm tall, erect; branches not diffuse ................... 168a. var. edgeworthii
1b. Stem less than 20 cm tall, reflexed; proximal branches diffuse ................. 168b. var. diffusa
Stem 20--40(--90) cm tall, erect; branches not diffuse.
Dry slopes, roadsides, forest margins, valleys, waste areas, shrublands; 2200--4700 m. C Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, S Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan [N India, Nepal].
Artemisia stricta f. diffusa Pampanini, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 34: 705. 1927.
Stem 10--20 cm tall; proximal branches diffuse and prostrate.
W Sichuan, E Xizang, W Yunnan [N India, Nepal].
Herbs annual, biennial, or perennial, 40--50 cm tall, much branched, incanous pubescent or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 1.5--3.5 cm; leaf blade ovate, 2--3 X 1--1.5 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs, 3-lobuled; lobules narrowly linear-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 3--5 X 0.5--1 mm. Middle cauline leaves sessile, 2-pinnatisect; segments (1 or)2 or 3 pairs, 3--5-lobuled; lobules filiform, pubescent, 5--10 X 0.3--0.5 mm. Uppermost leaves 3--5-sect. Capitula in lax broad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid, 1--1.5 mm in diam., shortly pedicellate. Pistillate florets. Bisexual florets 3--8. Achenes small. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov.
* Desert steppe, rocky slopes; 1000--3800 m. Qinghai, Xinjiang, Xizang.
Herbs annual, 20--60 cm tall, fetid, incanous pubescent. Petioles of lowermost leaves and middle cauline leaves 5--30 mm; leaf blades ovate-oblong or oblong, 15--40 X 3--8 mm, densely incanous pubescent, pectinately 2-pinnatisect; segments 5--8 pairs, ovate-oblong or subobovate, 3--5 X 2--3 mm, pectinatipartite; teeth 5--8 pairs, 0.3--0.8(--1.5) X 0.3--0.8 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pectinately pinnatipartite or entire, latter elliptic-lanceolate or lanceolate, few serrate. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid or oblong-ellipsoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam., shortly pedicellate; involucral bracts incanous puberulous. Pistillate florets 2 or 3. Bisexual florets 3--6. Achenes ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
Dry slopes, grasslands, steppe, waste areas, roadsides, dunes near river banks; low elevations. Nei Mongol, Ningxia, N Shaanxi [Mongolia].
Herbs or subshrubs. Leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect; lobules more than (1--)1.5 mm wide, linear, lanceolate, elliptic, linear-lanceolate, or serrate. Capitula globose or ovoid; reduced ovaries in bisexual florets usually absent, rarely minute.
Northern hemisphere; 17 species and ten varieties in China. Many species contain aromatic compounds and sesquiterpenoids or and limited monoterpenoids.
1a. Middle cauline leaves ternately 3-partite, or 5-partite regularly, 5--12 mm wide, or leaves regularly 5-(--7)-partite, latter capitula less than 3 mm in diam.
2a. Branches less than 8 cm; leaves incanous arachnoid-tomentose abaxially, ternately 3-partite 185. A. tridactyla
2b. Branches more than 8 cm; leaves pubescent or glabrescent, ternately 3- or 5-partite; corolla limb glabrous, or leaves 3--5(--7)-partite, lateral lobes with 1--2 elliptic lobules.
3a. Branches 15 cm or more, usually flexuous and horizontal; middle cauline leaves 5--12 cm, 5-partite, lobes elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, or lanceolate, 30--80 X 3--12 mm; capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences ......................................................................... 184. A. dubia
3b. Branches 8--14 cm, ascending; middle cauline leaves less than 3 cm, 3- or 5-(--7)-partite, lobes linear or linear-lanceolate, less than 20 mm; capitula in broad or narrow paniculate inflorescences.
4a. Middle cauline leaves ternately 3-, rarely 5-, partite, or entire; capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, corolla limb glabrous .................................................. 186. A. giraldii
4b. Middle cauline leaves ternately 3- or 5-(or 7-) partite, occasionally basal and lateral lobes 1--2-lobuled; capitula in midbroad or narrow paniculate inflorescences, corolla limb puberulous 187. A. conaensis
1b. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect or -partite, lobes less than 5 mm wide, usually serrate, or leaves spatulate, serrate at apex or obliquely partite, sectioned or cleft from apex to base or to center, or 3--7-partite, latter capitula 3--4 mm in diam.
5a. Capitula 3--4 mm in diam.
6a. Stem 20 cm tall or more, with a thick stock, short capitate branches at apex, glabrescent; capitula broadly ovoid, in narrow elongated paniculate inflorescences, corolla limb glabrous 172. A. bargusinensis
6b. Stem less than 20 cm, rarely 30 cm tall, latter with horizontal rhizomes and stem with short capitate branches or not branched; sericeous-pubescent or glabrescent; capitula broadly ovoid in racemose-paniculate inflorescences, corolla limb puberulous.
7a. Stem with a thick short stock, middle cauline leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pinnatisect, segments 2 or 3 pairs, lanceolate ..................................................................... 170. A. depauperata
7b. Stem with horizontal rhizomes; middle cauline leaves spatulate or obovate-spatulate, obliquely 2- or 3-partite or -sect, segments elliptic or linear .................................. 182. A. nanschanica
5b. Capitula 1.5--3 mm, rarely 3.5 mm in diam., latter dense in branches; leaves yellow or yellowish sericeous-pubescent.
8a. Rhizomes short-terete; sterile and middle cauline leaves not spatulate or attenuate, middle leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect.
9a. Much branched; basal leaves broadly ovate, suborbicular, or obovate, 2.5--6 cm wide; capitula 1--2.5 mm in diam., in +/- broad paniculate inflorescences ................... 175. A. eriopoda
9b. Shortly branched or not; basal leaves ovate, ovate-oblong, or oblong, less than 3 cm wide; capitula 2--3 mm in diam., in narrow elongated paniculate inflorescences.
10a. Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts densely incanous and yellowish sericeous-pubescent, later sparsely pubescent; middle cauline leaves with 2 or 3 pairs of lobes 174. A. duthreuil-de-rhinsi
10b. Stem, branches, and leaves pubescent or glabrescent; middle cauline leaves with 2 or 3 pairs of lobes.
11a. Middle cauline leaves shortly petiolate, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite, latter lobuled from mid-lateral lobes; capitula sparse in branches and in narrow racemose-paniculate or narrow elongated paniculate inflorescences ........................................................................ 173. A. desertorum
11b. Middle cauline leaves sessile, 1- or 2-pinnatisect, segments 2 or 3 pairs, basal lobes lobuled or not; capitula numerous, dense in branches in narrow elongated paniculate inflorescences 183. A. penchuoensis
8b. Rhizomes not shortly terete; middle cauline leaves spatulate or attenuate, entire or obliquely 3--5-cleft, -partite or -sect from apex to base, or leaves heteromorphic, spatulate or attenuate in sterile branches and 1(or 2)-pinnatisect or -partite.
12a. Basal leaves entire, middle leaves entire or obliquely 3--5-cleft or -partite or -sect from apex to center ....................................................................................................... 179. A. japonica
12b. Basal leaves 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or -sect, middle leaves same as basal leaves, thickly papery, or obovate-spatulate, or flabellate, subspatulate, ovate, obovate, oblong, or elliptic, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or -sect, obliquely 3--5-partite or -sect from apex nearly to base, lobes 1- or 2-serrate.
13a. Leaves in sterile branches spatulate or subspatulate, serrate at apex, entire or 3--5-cleft, middle cauline leaves obliquely 3--5-partite or pinnatisect from apex nearly to base.
14a. Middle cauline leaves obliquely 3--5-partite; capitula 2--3 mm in diam., shortly pedicellate, dense in branches and in broad pyramidal inflorescences ..................... 177. A. littoricola
14b. Middle cauline leaves obliquely 1-(or 2-) pinnati- or subpalmatisect or -partite, lobes narrowly spatulate or linear-oblanceolate; capitula 1.5--2 mm in diam., sparse in branches and in narrow paniculate inflorescences ........................................................ 178. A. manshurica
13b. Leaves in sterile branches same as stem, or without sterile branches; middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, -partite, or obliquely pinnatisect.
15a. Middle cauline leaves 2--3 cm, obliquely 3--5-sect or -partite, lobes 1--2 mm wide 180. A. parviflora
15b. Middle cauline leaves 1--2 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or sect, segments 2 pairs, occasionally lobuled, lobules or lobes 0.5--1 mm wide.
16a. Lobes of middle cauline leaves narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 5--8(--10) mm, segments entire or few serrate; capitula 1--1.5 mm in diam. 176. A. angustissima
16b. Lobes of middle cauline leaves lanceolate or linear, 3--4 mm wide, 2- or 3-partite or -cleft, obtuse; capitula 1.5--2 mm in diam. ............................................. 181. A. hancei
Artemisia pycnorhiza Ledebour var. depauperata (Krascheninnikov) Poljakov; Oligosporus pycnorhizus (Ledebour) Poljakov, p.p.
Herbs perennial, with a strong short rhizome, 8--18 cm tall, sericeous-pubescent above, capitate branches with 2 or 3 capitula. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1--3 cm; leaf blades incanous pubescent, later glabrescent. Lowermost leaves ovate or elliptic-ovate, 2--3(--4) X 1--2 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs, elliptic or oblong-ovate, pinnati- or 3-lobuled; lobules linear-lanceolate, lanceolate, or falcate, 3--6 X (0.5--)1--1.5 mm. Middle cauline and uppermost leaves +/- sessile, ovate or ovate-oblong, pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs; lobes lanceolate; leafy bracts 3--5-sect or entire. Capitula in racemose-paniculate inflorescences, broadly ovoid, 3--4 mm in diam., shortly pedicellate; involucral bracts glabrescent. Pistillate florets 11--15. Bisexual florets 10--15; corolla limb puberulous. Achenes ovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 36.
Slopes, steppe; 2300--2600. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia].
Artemisia borealis Liou et al.; A. borealis var. ledebouri S. Y. Hu; A. borealis var. willdenovii Besser; Oligosporus bargusinensis (Sprengel) Poljakov.
Herbs perennial, with thick rhizomes, 20--50 cm tall. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--7 cm. Proximal leaves ovate-oblong or oblong, 10--15 X 2--3 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; lobules linear-lanceolate, linear, or falcate, 10--15 X 1--2 mm. Middle cauline leaves oblong-ovate, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 3(or 4) pairs. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect, 3-sect, or entire. Capitula in narrow elongated paniculate inflorescences, broadly ovoid, 3--4 mm in diam., sessile or shortly pedicellate basally. Pistillate florets 10--15. Bisexual florets 25--30. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 36.
Slopes, grasslands, forest margins; middle elevations. Heilongjiang [Russia; Europe].
Herbs perennial, with thick rhizome, (15--)20--70 cm tall, branched above, puberulous or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1--3 cm. Basal and proximal leaves ovate, elliptic, oblong, or oblong-ovate, 2--5 X 1.5--4.5 cm, 2-pinnatisect or -partite; segments 2 or 3 pairs, elliptic or oblong, 10--15(--20) X 3--6 mm; lobules 3--5 pairs, linear, linear-lanceolate, or elliptic, 5--15 X 1--1.5 mm. Middle cauline leaves oblong or ovate, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite. Uppermost leaves 3--5-pinnatipartite; leafy bracts 3-lobed or entire. Capitula in racemose- or narrow elongated paniculate inflorescences, numerous, ovoid or subglobose, 1.5--3 mm in diam., shortly pedicellate or not. Pistillate florets 4--8. Bisexual florets 5--10. Achenes obovoid or oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug & Oct. 2n = 36.
Steppe, meadows, forest steppe, alpine- and subalpine steppe, waste areas, rocky slopes, dry valleys, river banks, forest margins, roadsides; low elevations to 4600 m. Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan [Japan, N India, Korea, N Pakistan, E Russia].
1a. Stem less than 20 cm tall; middle cauline leaves 1(or 2)-pinnatisect or -partite; stem, branches, leaves incanous or yellowish pubescent; capitula (2--)2.5--3 mm in diam., in racemose or racemose-paniculate inflorescences ....................................................................................... 173c. var. foetida
1b. Stem (15--)20--70 cm tall; stem, branches, leaves incanous pubescent, later glabrescent; middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect or -partite; capitula 1.5--2(--2.5) mm in diam., in narrow elongated paniculate inflorescences.
2a. Basal leaves ovate, 2--3 cm, 2-pinnatipartite, lobules elliptic or oblong-ovate 173a. var. desertorum
2b. Basal leaves oblong-elliptic, 3 cm or more, 2-pinnatisect, lobules linear or linear-lanceolate 173b. var. tongolensis
Artemisia desertorum var. lineata G. Y. Chang??; A. desertorum var. sprengeliana Besser; A. desertorum var. willdenowiana Mattfeld; A. japonica Thunberg var. desertorum (Sprengel) Maximowicz; A. japonica var. macrocephala Pampanini f. chinensis Pampanini, p.p.; A. stricta Fischer in herb.; Oligosporus desertorum (Sprengel) Poljakov.
Basal leaves ovate, 2--3 cm, 2-pinnatipartite; lobules elliptic or ovate-elliptic. Capitula 2.5--3 mm in diam.
Steppe, meadows, forest steppe, alpine steppe, waste areas, rocky slopes, dry valleys, river banks, forest margins, roadsides; low elevations to 4000 m. Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan [Japan, N India, Korea, N Pakistan, E Russia].
Stem 10--15 cm tall. Basal leaves elliptic, 3 cm or more, 2-pinnatisect; lobules linear or linear lanceolate. Capitula 1.5--2 mm in diam.
* Alpine- or subalpine steppe, meadows, rocky slopes; 3500--4600 m. SW Gansu, W Sichuan, Xizang.
Artemisia foetida Jacquemont ex Besser, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 9: 96. 1836; A. desertorum C. B. Clarke.
Plants forming clusters. Stem less than 20 cm tall, shortly branched or not. Middle cauline leaves 1(or 2)-pinnatisect or -partite; segments linear. Stem, branches, leaves incanous or yellowish pubescent. Capitula (2--)2.5--3 mm in diam., in racemose or racemose-paniculate inflorescences; bracts brown, very thin.
* Alpine meadows, grassland, gravelly slopes, in shrubs; 3500--4200 m. W Sichuan, Qinghai, Xizang.
Oligosporus duthreuil-de-rhinsi (Krascheninnikov) Poljakov.
Herbs perennial, 10--20(--30) cm tall, with a thick stock, incanous or yellowish pubescent, later sparsely pubescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 1--2 cm; leaf blade ovate or oblong, 2--3 X 1.5--2 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs, elliptic; lobules 3--5 pairs, lanceolate, 3--5 X 1--1.5 cm, obtuse apically. Middle cauline and uppermost leaves ovate or oblong, pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs; lobes linear-lanceolate, 5--15 X 2--3 mm; leafy bracts linear-lanceolate or falcate. Capitula dense in branches and in narrow paniculate inflorescences, sessile, 2.5--3.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely pubescent or glabrescent. Pistillate florets 6--9. Bisexual florets 8--14. Achenes oblong or broadly ovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Alpine or subalpine steppe, meadows, rocky slopes; 3700--4600 m. Qinghai, W Sichuan, E Xizang.
Herbs perennial, (30--)40--80 cm tall, with a short terete stock, much branched. Petioles of basal and lowermost leaves 1.5--3 cm; leaf blades suborbicular, broadly ovate, or obovate, 4--6(--8) X 2.5--6 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3(or 4) pairs, obovate or subspatulate, cleft or serrate at margin or leaves entire or few serrate, base attenuate. Middle cauline leaves suborbicular or broadly ovate, 2--4 X 2--4 cm, 1- or 2- pinnatisect or partite; lobes 2 or 3 pairs, elliptic or subspatulate, 3-partite or -cleft, serrate or entire apically. Uppermost leaves pinnatisect; lobes elliptic or lobules narrowly linear or -lanceolate; leafy bracts 3-lobed or entire. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, numerous, broadly ovoid or subglobose, 1.5--2.5 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 4--8. Bisexual florets 6--10. Achenes oblong. Fl. & fr. Jun-Nov.
Forest margins, roadsides, grasslands, shrublands, canyons, forest steppe, steppe, dunes of seashores, waste areas, slopes, mountains; 500--2100 m. Anhui, S & SW Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, N Yunnan [Japan, Korea, E Mongolia].
1a. Stem more than (40--)50 cm tall; basal leaves broadly ovate, obovate, suborbicular, or obovate-attenuate, pinnatidivided and distal lobes larger than laterals, or leaves entire, but serrate at apex, middle cauline leaves pinnatisect, lobes serrate; capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences.
2a. Basal leaves broadly ovate or obovate, 1- or 2-pinnatisect ............... 175a. var. eriopoda
2b. Basal leaves suborbicular or obovate-attenuate, entire, partite, or cleft at apex 175c. var. rotundifolia
1b. Stem 30--40 cm tall; basal leaves divided, distal lobes not larger than other lobes; capitula in midbroad or narrow paniculate inflorescences.
3a. Leaves nearly succulent, proximal leaves pinnatisect, segments regularly 3-cleft apically 175b. var. maritima
3b. Leaves papery, proximal leaves pinnatisect, irregularly cleft, serrate, or entire.
4a. Middle cauline leaves pinnatisect, segments 2- or 3-cleft ............. 175d. var. gansuensis
4b. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, lobules narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate 175e. var. shanxiensis
Artemisia capillaris Thunberg var. scoparia (Waldstein & Kitaibel) Pampanini f. grandiflora Pampanini; A. desertorum Sprengel var. tongolensis Pampanini f. latifolia Pampanini; A. japonica Thunberg f. eriopoda (Bunge) Pampanini; A. japonica var. eriopoda (Besser) Komarov; A. japonica var. macrocephala Pampanini f. chinensis Pampanini; A. pubescens Ledebour subsp. eriopoda (Bunge) Kitamura.
Stem 50--80 cm tall. Basal leaves broadly ovate or obovate, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; distal lobes larger than lateral lobes.
Forest margins, roadsides, grasslands, shrublands, canyons, forest steppe, steppe; low elevations to 1500 m. Anhui, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, N Yunnan [Japan, Korea, E Mongolia].
Stem 30--40 cm tall. Leaves nearly succulent. Basal leaves pinnatisect; segments regularly 3-cleft apically. Capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences.
* Dunes of seashores; sea level. E Shandong.
Artemisia japonica Thunberg var. rotundifolia Debeaux, Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 31: 220. 1879; A. japonica f. rotundifolia (Debeaux) Franchet; A. rotundifolia (Debeaux) Krascheninnikov.
Stem 50--80 cm tall. Basal leaves suborbicular or obovate-attenuate, entire, cleft, or partite apically. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences.
* Waste areas, roadsides, slopes. Hebei, N Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Shandong.
Stem 30--40 cm tall. Basal and middle leaves pinnatisect; lobes irregularly serrate or entire; lobes of middle leaves 2- or 3-cleft. Capitula in midbroad paniculate inflorescences.
* Roadsides, waste areas, slopes; low elevations to 2100 m. S & SW Gansu.
Stem 30--40 cm tall. Basal leaves pinnatisect. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect; lobules narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 15--30 X 1--1.5 mm. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, 1.5--2 mm in diam.
* Mountains. C Shanxi.
Artemisia japonica Thunberg f. eriopoda Pampanini subf. angustissima (Nakai) Pampanini; A. japonica var. angustissima (Nakai) Kitamura.
Herbs perennial, 20--50 cm tall, puberulous or glabrescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, ovate or suborbicular, 1.5--2.2 X 1.5--2.2 cm. Proximal leaves (1 or)2-pinnatisect; segments 2(or 3) pairs, 5--10 X 3--5 mm, partite or few serrate. Middle cauline leaves pinnatisect; lobes narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 5--8(--10) X 0.8--3 mm, entire or few serrate. Lowermost leaves and leafy bracts 3-sect or entire. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, minute, ovoid or subglobose, 1--1.5 mm in diam., nodding, shortly pedicellate or sessile. Pistillate florets 2 or 3. Bisexual florets 2--5. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Slopes, roadsides; low elevations to 500 m. S Gansu, Hebei, SE Heilongjiang, Henan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi [Korea].
Artemisia desertorum Takeda; A. japonica Thunberg f. resedifolia Takeda; A. japonica var. desertorum Matsumara; A. japonica var. macrocephala f. sachalinensis Pampanini; Oligosporus littoricola (Kitamura) Poljakov.
Herbs perennial, 30--100 cm tall, incanous pubescent or glabrescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, incanous arachnoid-pubescent, later glabrescent. Basal leaves forming a rosette. Lowermost leaves broadly ovate, suborbicular, or obovate, 3--5 X 3--5 cm, 1(or 2)-pinnatipartite or -sect; segments 2(or 3) pairs, base attenuate. Middle cauline leaves oblong-attenuate or elliptic-spatulate, 5.5--8 X 4--6 cm, 1- or 2-pinnati- or subpalmati- partite or 3-partite; segments 1 or 2 pairs, serrate or cleft, base attenuate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts elliptic-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in broad pyramidal paniculate inflorescences, subglobose or broadly ovoid, 2--2.5(--3) mm in diam., shortly pedicellate. Pistillate florets 4--8. Bisexual florets 5--7. Achenes ellipsoid-ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 36.
River banks, saline-alkali soils, in marsh grass. W Heilongjiang, E Nei Mongol [Japan, Korea, E Russia].
Artemisia japonica Thunberg var. manshurica Komarov, Fl. Manshur. 3: 625. 1907; A. desertorum Poljakov, p.p.
Herbs perennial, 40--80(--100) cm tall, puberulous or glabrescent. Leaves sessile, pubescent or glabrescent. Leaves of sterile branches spatulate or attenuate, 30--70 X 5--15 mm, obtuse, few cleft, or serrate apically. Lowermost leaves obovate or obovate-spatulate, 5-partite, or serrate. Middle cauline leaves obovate or obovate-elliptic, 2.5--3.5 X 2--3 cm, 1(or 2)-pinnati- or subpalmatisect or -partite; segments 1 or 2 pairs, narrowly spatulate or oblanceolate, 10--20 X 2--3 mm, 3-cleft or not. Uppermost leaves broadly attenuate or elliptic-obovate; leafy bracts lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, subglobose or broadly ovoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam., shortly pedicellate. Pistillate florets 4--8. Bisexual florets 6--10. Achenes obovoid or ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 36.
* Slopes, forest margins, steppe, forest steppe, shrublands, roadsides, canyons; low elevations. N Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning.
179. Artemisia japonica Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 310. 1784.
Herbs perennial, 50--130 cm tall, strongly aromatic, puberulous or glabrescent. Leaves +/- sessile, puberulous or glabrescent. Basal and lowermost leaves obovate or broadly spatulate, 4--6(--7) X 2--2.5(--3) cm, obliquely pinnatipartite or -cleft from apex to center, few serrate apically. Middle leaves spatulate, cuneate, or narrowly spatulate, 25--35(--45) X 5--10(--20) mm, obliquely partite or cleft and few serrate at apex or lobes linear. Uppermost leaves 3-cleft or entire; leafy bracts elliptic, lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, numerous, ovoid or subglobose, 1.5--2.5 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 3--8. Bisexual florets 5--10. Achenes minute, obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Nov. 2n = 18, 36, 37.
Forest margins, waste areas, shrublands, hills, slopes, roadsides; low elevations to 3300 m. Anhui, Fujian, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, S Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, E & S Liaoning, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, E Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Afghanistan, Bhutan, N India, Japan, Korea, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, E Russia, Thailand, Vietnam].
1a. Middle cauline leaves spatulate, entire, truncate or obtuse at apex, few serrate or obliquely cleft from apex to center, lobes various, not narrowly linear ........................................ 179a. var. japonica
1b. Middle cauline leaves narrowly spatulate, not serrate at apex, obliquely 3--5-partite or -sect, lobes narrowly linear .............................................................................. 179b. var. hainanensis
Chrysanthemum japonicum Thunberg; Artemisia cuneifolia de Candolle; A. glabrata Wallich ex Besser; A. japonica f. manshurica Komarov??; A. japonica Thunberg var. lanata Pampanini; A. japonica var. macrocephala Pampanini; A. japonica var. manshurica (Komarov) M. Kitagawa??; A. japonica var. microcephala Pampanini; A. morrisonensis Hayata var. minima Pampanini; A. subintegra Kitamura; A. parviflora Aitchison; Oligosporus japonicus (Thunberg) Poljakov.
Middle cauline leaves spatulate, entire, obtuse or truncate, few serrate at apex or obliquely cleft from apex to center; lobes oblong or elliptic, not narrowly linear.
Forest margins, waste areas, shrublands, hills, slopes, roadsides; low elevations to 3300 m. Anhui, Fujian, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, S Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, E & S Liaoning, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, E Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Afghanistan, Bhutan, N India, Japan, Korea, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, E Russia, Thailand, Vietnam].
Used for making antitoxifying and antifebrile drugs.
Middle cauline leaves narrowly spatulate, 3- or 5-partite; lobes linear, rarely 3-serrate.
* Roadsides, waste areas. Hainan, Guangxi.
Artemisia glabrata Wight; A. japonica Lauener; A. japonica Thunberg var. japonica Maximowicz f. eriopoda Pampanini subf. tongtchuanensis (H. Léveillé) Pampanini; A. japonica Thunberg var. parviflora (Buchanan-Hamilton ex Roxburgh) Pampanini; A. tongtchouanensis H. Léveillé; Oligosporus parviflorus (Buchanan-Hamilton ex Roxburgh) Poljakov.
Herbs perennial or subshrubs, 40--80 cm tall, yellow or brown pubescent, or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 2--3 cm; leaf blade ovate or elliptic-ovate, 2--3 X 1.5--2 cm, 2-pinnatipartite or -sect; segments 2 or 3 pairs, elliptic or subspatulate, 15--25 X 5--10 mm, 2- or 3-partite; lobules lanceolate, or deeply serrate. Middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, various, obovate-spatulate, flabellate, or cuneate, 20--30 X 5--10 mm, obliquely 3--5-partite or -sect; lobes linear, linear-lanceolate, or linear-oblanceolate, 5--10 X 1--2 mm, acuminate apically. Uppermost leaves 3-partite or entire; leafy bracts linear or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, numerous, ovoid or subglobose, 1--2 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 2--4. Bisexual florets 4--10. Achenes oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 18, 36.
Grasslands, slopes, forest margins, roadsides, ravines, field margins; 400--4000 m. S Gansu, W Hubei, S Qinghai, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Afghanistan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka].
Artemisia hallaisanensis Nakai var. hancei Pampanini, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 26, 39: 659. 1927.
Subshrubs 30--50 cm tall, pubescent or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 1--2 cm; leaf blades ovate, obovate, obovate-spatulate, or spatulate, 10--15 X 7--12 mm, incanous or yellowish and sericeous-pubescent, later sparsely pubescent or glabrescent, 1- or 2-pinnatipartite or -sect; segments 2 pairs, narrowly spatulate, -oblanceolate, or falcate, 4--5 X 3--4 mm, usually 2- or 3-parted at apex, rarely lobes of middle cauline leaves lanceolate or linear. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 1(or 2)-pinnatisect; lobes narrowly linear or narrowly lanceolate, acute apically. Capitula in midbroad or broad paniculate inflorescences, numerous, subglobose, 1.5--2 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 3--5. Bisexual 8--15. Achenes obovoid or oblong. Fl. & fr. Sep-Nov.
Dunes of seashores; sea level to low elevations. S Guangdong, W Hainan [Vietnam].
Oligosporus nanschanicus (Krascheninnikov) Poljakov.
Herbs perennial, 10--20(--30) cm tall, with horizontal rhizomes, fetid, with short capitate branches, incanous or yellowish puberulous or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 3--6 mm; leaf blade spatulate, obovate, or ovate, 10--20 X 5--10 mm, obliquely pinnati- or subpalmatipartite or -cleft; lobes elliptic, oblong, or elliptic-lanceolate, 5--10 X 1--2 mm. Middle cauline leaves sessile, spatulate or obovate-spatulate, obliquely (2 or)3(or 4)-partite, rarely -sect; lobes elliptic or linear, 5--8 X 1(--2) mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts spatulate, obliquely 2- or 3-partite, -cleft, or entire. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, subglobose or semiglobose, 3--3.5(--4) mm in diam., shortly pedicellate or sessile. Pistillate florets 10--15. Bisexual florets 12--20. Achenes oblong, obovoid-oblong. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Dry slopes, steppe, rocky terraces or slopes; 2100--5300 m. S Gansu, Qinghai, S Xinjiang, Xizang.
Herbs perennial, 30--40 cm tall, puberulous. Petiole of lowermost leaves 1.5--2.5 cm; leaf blade ovate or oblong-ovate, 2--2.5 X 2--2.5 cm, puberulous or glabrescent, 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 pairs; lobules linear or linear-lanceolate, 3--4 X 1-- 1.5 mm, acute apically. Middle cauline and uppermost leaves sessile, ovate, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs, linear or linear-lanceolate, 3--4 X 2--2.5 mm, occasionally basal lobes lobuled; leafy bracts 3--5-sect. Capitula in dense narrow elongated paniculate inflorescences, subglobose, 2--2.5(--3) mm in diam., sessile. Pistillate florets 3--8. Bisexual florets 7--15. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Roadsides; low to middle elevations. W Sichuan.
Subshrubs 80--120 cm tall, much branched; branches 15--35 cm or more, usually flexuous, pubescent or glabrescent. Lowermost leaves ovate or oblong, 5-partite. Middle cauline leaves ovate, 5--12 X 3--7 cm, abaxially densely pubescent or glabrescent, 5-partite; lobes elliptic, oblong-lanceolate, or lanceolate, 30--80 X 5--12 mm, base attenuate. Uppermost leaves ternate, 3-partite; leafy bracts entire, elliptic-lanceolate or lanceolate. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, numerous, broadly ovoid or globose, 1.5--2 mm in diam., shortly pedicellate or sessile. Pistillate florets 6--8. Bisexual florets 2--10. Achenes oblong or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 34, 54.
Slopes, steppe, river banks, roadsides, valleys, canyons, forest margins; low elevations to 3500 m. C & S Gansu, NW Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, S Henan, W Hubei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, W Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, E Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Japan, Nepal, Thailand].
1a. Leaves densely pubescent abaxially ......................................................... 184a. var. dubia
1b. Leaves glabrescent abaxially .......................................................... 184b. var. subdigitata
Artemisia dracunculus Linnaeus var. inodora Pampanini; A. dracunculus var. subdigitata (Mattfeld) Y. R. Ling f. thomsonii Pampanini; A. subdigitata Mattfeld, p.p.; A. subdigitata var. thomsonii (C. B. Clarke ex Pampanini) S. Y. Hu; A. thomsonii C. B. Clarke ex Pampanini.
Leaves densely pubescent abaxially.
Dry slopes, steppe, forest margins, roadsides; low elevations to 3500 m. S Gansu, Nei Mongol, W Sichuan, E Xizang, W Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Japan, Nepal, Thailand].
Artemisia subdigitata Mattfeld, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 22: 243. 1926, incl. var. falciloba Mattfeld; A. canabina Jacquemont ex Besser; A. desertorum J. D. Hooker; A. desertorum Sprengel var. jacquemontiana (Besser) de Candolle; A. dracunculus Linnaeus var. inodora Besser, p.p.; A. dracunculus var. subdigitata Pampanini incl. forms.; A. glauca J. D. Hooker; A. jacquemontiana Besser, p.p.; A. subdigitata Mattfeld var. intermedia Kitagawa; A. wulingschanensis Bar. & Skv. ex Liou; Oligosporus jacquemontiana (Besser) Poljakov.
Leaves glabrescent abaxially.
Slopes, river banks, roadsides, valleys, canyons, forest margins; low elevations to 3000 m. C & S Gansu, NW Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, S Henan, W Hubei, S Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, W Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan [Bhutan, N India, Nepal].
Herbs perennial or subshrubs, 7--60 cm tall, glabrescent. Leaves of lowermost and middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, elliptic, 2--5 X 2--3 cm, abaxially densely arachnoid-tomentose except on veins, ternately 3-partite, rarely -cleft; lobes linear or linear-lanceolate, 20--25 X 3--4 mm, base attenuate, margin revolute. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts linear or linear-lanceolate, 30--45 X 1--2.5 mm, entire. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, semiglobose or subglobose, 3--4 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 18--21. Bisexual florets 15--19. Achenes obovoid. Fl. Aug-Oct.
* Slopes, grasslands, forest margins; ca. 3800 m. S & W Sichuan, E Xizang.
1a. Stem 20--60 cm tall; middle cauline leaves 4--5 cm, lobes 2--2.5 mm wide 185a. var. tridactyla
1b. Stem 7--10 cm tall; middle cauline leaves 2--4 cm, lobes 1--2 mm wide 185b. var. minima
Stem 20--60 cm tall. Middle cauline leaves 4--5 cm; lobes 2--2.5 mm wide.
* Slopes, grasslands, forest margins; ca. 3800 m. S Sichuan, E Xizang.
Stem 7--10 cm tall. Middle cauline leaves 2--4 cm; lobes 1--2 mm wide.
* W Sichuan.
Artemisia dracunculus Linnaeus var. subdigitata (Mattfeld) Pampanini f. chinensis Pampanini, p.p.; A. dracunculus var. subdigita (Mattfeld) Pampanini f. falciloba Pampanini, p.p.; A. glauca Forbes & Hemsley; Oligosporus giraldii (Pampanini) Poljakov.
Subshrubs 50--80(--120) cm tall, puberulous or glabrescent. Leaves +/- sessile, abaxially densely arachnoid pubescent, adaxially incanous pubescent. Lowermost leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, ternately 3-partite, rarely 5-partite or entire; lobes linear-lanceolate or lanceolate. Middle cauline leaves elliptic, 20--30 X 8--15 mm, ternately 3-partite; lobes linear or linear-lanceolate, 10--20 X 1--2 mm, margin revolute. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3-partite. Capitula in broad paniculate inflorescences, broadly ovoid, subglobose, or oblong, 1.5--2 mm in diam., shortly pedicellate or sessile. Pistillate florets 4--8. Bisexual florets 5--7. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Terraces, slopes, dry river valleys, hills, roadsides, forest margins, forest steppe, shrublands; 1000--1200(--2300) m. Gansu, Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, NW Sichuan.
1a. Middle cauline leaves 3-, rarely 5-partite; capitula +/- sessile ................ 186a. var. giraldii
1b. Middle cauline leaves entire, rarely 3-partite; capitula pedicellate, pedicel 5--10 mm 186b. var. longipedunculata
Middle cauline leaves 3-, rarely 5-partite. Capitula +/- sessile.
* Terraces, slopes, dry river valleys, hills, roadsides, forest margins, forest steppe, shrublands; 1000--1200(--2300) m. Gansu, Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, NW Sichuan.
Middle cauline leaves entire, rarely 3-partite. Capitula pedicellate; pedicel 5--10 mm.
* Hebei, Nei Mongol.
Herbs perennial, 30--80 cm tall, incanous puberulous or glabrescent. Leaves sessile. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves elliptic, 5--20 X 10--15 mm, sparsely incanous pubescent adaxially, densely arachnoid-pubescent, incanous-black in dried specimens, 3--5- or 7-partite; lobes linear, linear-lanceolate, or elliptic-lanceolate, 5--8(--10) X 1--2(--3) mm, basal lobes usually lobuled; lobules elliptic. Uppermost leaves or leafy bracts linear or linear-lanceolate. Capitula in midbroad or narrow paniculate inflorescences, numerous, globose or semiglobose, 2--3 mm in diam. Pistillate florets 5--10. Bisexual florets 8--15. Achenes oblong or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Jul-Oct.
* Waste areas, terraces, rocky slopes; 3000--4000 m; E Xizang.
Used medicinally.
Artemisia Sect. Seriphidium Besser, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, n.s., 1(8): 222. 1828; Artemisia Subgen. Seriphidium (Besser) Petermann.
Ling Yuou-ruen; C. J. Humphries, Leila Shultz
Shrubs or herbs, caespitose or solitary in annual herbs, strongly aromatic, sterile branched, tomentose, arachnoid-pubescent, or glabrescent. Leaves alternate. Lowermost or middle cauline leaves 2 or 3(or 4)-pinnatisect, -cleft, pectinately sect, or ternately 3-sect; lobes or lobules narrowly linear, or -lanceolate, rarely filiform, elliptic, or pectinate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts divided or entire. Capitula in narrow or broad paniculate, rarely spicate-paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid or oblong, rarely ovoid, ovoid-campanulate, or globose, sessile; involucral bracts (3 or)4--6(or 7) series, densely pubescent or arachnoid-pubescent. Bisexual florets (1--)3--12(--20); appendages linear or linear-lanceolate on anther. Achenes ovoid or obovoid suboppressed.
Approximately 110 species distributed in arid regions of C, SW & W Asia, Saudi Arabia, N Africa, Europe, and North America. 31 species and three varieties occur in arid areas of China. Some species contain flavonoids and santonin; some are used for medicine.
Ling Yeou-ruenn. 1992. Compositae - Anthemideae (2). In: Ling Yong & Ling Yeou-ruenn, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 76(2): 1--321.
1a. Lowermost leaves 2-ternately 3-sect, middle cauline leaves ternately 3-sect Sect. 3. Juncea
1b. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves pinnatisect or -partite.
2a. Leaves 1--3(or 4)-pinnatisect, lobules narrowly lanceolate or filiform or leaves entire or lobes rounded serrate ........................................................................................... Sect. 1. Seriphidium
2b. Leaves 2(or 3)-sect, lobules pectinate or narrowly serrate ............... Sect. 2. Michunensa
Herbs perennial or subshrubs, tomentose or glabrescent. Leaves 1--3(or 4)-pinnatisect, -partite, or entire.
Arid regions of C, S, SW & W Asia, C, E, S & W Europe, N Africa, North America, 29 species and two varieties occur in arid areas of N, NW & W China.
1a. Leaves 1- or 2-pinnatipartite, lobes or lobules elliptic or ovate-elliptic, less than 5 mm, or leaves pinnatisect, lobes orbicular-serrate or mixed entire leaves.
2a. Middle cauline leaves 1-, rarely 2-pinnatipartite, segments 3 or 4 pairs, lobes or lobules elliptic or ovate, occasionally 2- or 3-serrate .................................................................. 8. S. scopiforme
2b. Middle cauline leaves pinnatifid, segments 10(--15) pairs, orbicular-lobed or leaves linear and entire 23. S. santolinum
1b. Leaves 1--3-pinnatisect, lobules 5--8 mm.
3a. Shortly or capitately branched or not, capitately branched stem caespitose, less than 25 cm tall; capitula densely grouped in branches and as a shortly spicate or compound capitate inflorescence at branches.
4a. Stem, branches, leaves arachnoid-tomentose or pubescent, hairs present or partly glabrescent; capitula grouped into globose, oblong, or ovoid compound capitula or spicate inflorescences at branches, involucral bracts not glandular punctate.
5a. Lowermost leaves suborbicular, (2 or)3-pinnatisect, segments (2 or)3 or 4 pairs, lobules narrowly linear, 3--4 mm, acute apically ................................................... 29. S. lehmanianum
5b. Lowermost leaves ovate, 2- or 3-pinnatisect, segments (3 or)4 or 5(or 6) pairs, lobules narrowly linear, 2--3(--4) mm, obtuse apically ........................................... 28. S. compactaum
4b. Stem, branches, leaves arachnoid-tomentose or pubescent, later partly glabrescent; capitula in dense spicate inflorescences on branches, involucral bracts glandular punctate or not.
6a. Stems less branched, not largely caespitose; lowermost leaves 2-pinnatisect.
7a. Segments of leaves (3 or)4 or 5 pairs, lobules narrowly linear; capitula oblong-ovoid, involucral bracts glandular punctate ............................................................ 24. S. borotalense
7b. Segments of leaves 3 or 4 pairs, lobules lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate; capitula ovoid or subglobose, involucral bracts not glandular punctate ........................ 27. S. grenardii
6b. Stems much branched and caespitose; lowermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnati-, or nearly palmately 2- or 3-pinnatisect.
8a. Lowermost leaves 2(or 3)-pinnatisect, first nearly palmately lobed, segments 3 or 4(or 5) pairs, middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect, lobules narrowly linear or filiform; capitula 1.5--2(--2.5) mm, in racemose-paniculate inflorescences, corolla limb red .................. 25. S. rhodanthum
8b. Lowermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, segments 2(or 3) pairs; middle cauline leaves 1(or 2)-pinnatisect, lobes or lobules linear, elliptic, or elliptic-lanceolate; capitula 2--2.5(--3) mm in diam., in narrow spicate-paniculate inflorescences, corolla limb yellow or red . 26. S. korovinii
3b. Branched, branches long or short; capitula spreading on branches, in narrow or broad paniculate inflorescences.
9a. Lowermost leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect; middle cauline leaves 1--3-pinnatisect.
10a. Branches less than 3 cm; stem, branches, and leaves arachnoid-pubescent, later glabrescent; middle cauline leaves with (3 or)4 or 5 or 2 or 3 pairs of segments; capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences.
11a. Stems loosely caespitose; stem and branches arachnoid-pubescent or glabrescent; middle cauline leaves with (3 or)4 or 5 pairs of segments, not glandular punctate; involucral bracts convex 6. S. karatavicum
11b. Stems densely caespitose; stem and branches pubescent, later glabrescent; leaves and involucral bracts puberulous and glandular punctate, latter keeled; middle cauline leaves with 2 or 3 pairs of segments ................................................................................... 17. S. gracilescens
10b. Branches more than (3--)5 cm; stem, branches, and leaves arachnoid-tomentose or pubescent, hairs present or proximal partly pubescent; leaves with 4--6 pairs of segments; capitula in broad or narrow and elongated paniculate inflorescences.
12a. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves less than 2.5 cm; branches spreading.
13a. Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts arachnoid-pubescent or glabrescent later; capitula ellipsoid ................................................................................... 13. S. brevifolium
13b. Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts arachnoid-pubescent; capitula subglobose 14. S. thomsonianum
12b. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves more than 2.5 cm; branches ascending.
14a. Stem arachnoid-tomentose; proximal leaves broadly ovate or ovate-oblong, 2- or 3-pinnatisect, middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect, lobules 2--4 mm ............... 1. S. schrenkianum
14b. Stem densely tomentose or pubescent, later partly glabrescent; lowermost leaves elliptic-ovate or ovate-oblong, (2 or)3-pinnatisect, middle cauline leaves 1--3-pinnatisect, lobules more than 5 mm.
15a. Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts arachnoid-tomentose or pubescent, but stem and involucral bracts glabrescent at anthesis; more and spreading branched; capitula ellipsoid or oblong, in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences ........... 5. S. mongolorum
15b. Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts arachnoid-pubescent or tomentose, hairs present or glabrescent in lower stem at anthesis; branched from middle to above on stem; capitula oblong, oblong-ovoid, or ovoid, in midbroad, elongated, or narrow paniculate inflorescences.
16a. Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts arachnoid-pubescent or involucral bracts and stem partly glabrescent; middle cauline leaves (1 or)2-pinnatisect, lobules 1--1.5 mm wide; capitula 2--2.5 mm in diam., in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences 4. S. finitum
16b. Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts arachnoid-tomentose or pubescent, or lower stem glabrescent; middle cauline leaves 2- or 3-pinnatisect, lobules 0.5--1 mm; capitula 1--2 mm in diam., at upper part of stem in midbroad paniculate inflorescences.
17a. Stock thick; lower bark peeling; middle cauline leaves pinnatisect, segments 4 or 5 pairs; involucral bracts cyst-form ................................................... 2. S. transiliense
17b. Root solitary, lower bark not peeling; middle cauline leaves 3-, rarely 2-pinnatisect, segments 5 or 6 pairs; involucral bracts not cyst-form ............................. 7. S. sawanense
9b. Lowermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect.
18a. Branches spreading from middle stem, branches 10--15 cm; capitula 2--2.5 mm, in broad pyramidal paniculate inflorescences ................................................................ 16. S. ferganense
18b. Branches from upper stem, less than 10 cm, or from lower stem, short or more than 10 cm; capitula less than 3 mm in diam., in broad or narrow paniculate inflorescences.
19a. Middle cauline leaves pinnatisect, segments 1 or 2 (or 3) pairs; involucral bracts and florets deciduous after anthesis ............................................................ 9. S. kaschgaricum
19b. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect, latter with segments 3--5, rarely 2 or 3; involucral bracts and florets persistent after anthesis.
20a. Stems numerous and thickly caespitose, branches 2--3(--5) cm, ascending; lobes and lobules of leaves deciduous or nearly deciduous.
21a. Branched ascending from middle stem; middle cauline leaves with 3 or 4 pairs of segments, lobes or lobules needle-like, more than 3 mm, central lobes 4--12 mm, persistent after anthesis.
22a. Stem 30--45 cm tall, branches 2--4(--5) cm; lowermost leaves 2-pinnatisect, middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect; capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences 21. S. sublessingianum
22b. Stem 5--25(--35) cm tall, branches 1--2(--3) cm; proximal leaves 1(or 2)-pinnatisect, middle cauline leaves 1(or 2)-pinnatisect; capitula in narrow spicate-paniculate inflorescences 22. S. amoenum
21b. Branches spreading or ascending from upper stem; middle cauline leaves with 2--5 pairs of segments, former with leaves deciduous and latter with leaves semideciduous after anthesis; central lobes 2--3 mm.
23a. Stem, branches, and leaves densely tomentose or pubescent; leaves with (3 or)4 or 5 pairs of segments, semideciduous after anthesis; capitula in dense narrow pyramidal paniculate inflorescences ...................................................................... 19. S. semiaridum
23b. Stem, branches, and leaves densely arachnoid-tomentose or pubescent; leaves with 3 or 4(or 5) pairs of segments, deciduous after anthesis; capitula in loose midbroad paniculate inflorescences on upper stem.
24a. Branches from upper stem, 2--3(--5) cm; proximal leaves ovate, 10--20(--30) X 8--10 mm; capitula in loose midbroad paniculate inflorescences .......... 18. S. terrae-albae
24b. Branches from upper stem, 5--8 cm; proximal leaves ovate-oblong or elliptic-ovate, 2--2.5 X 1--1.5 cm; capitula in midbroad and elongated paniculate inflorescences 20. S. heptapotamicum
20b. Stem few or several, not thickly caespitose; branches more than (3--)5 cm; lobes or lobules not deciduous.
25a. Branches ascending from upper stem; middle cauline leaves with (3 or)4 or 5 pairs of segments.
26a. Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts incanous puberulous or glabrescent; capitula 3--5 grouped in branches ................................................................... 15. S. aucheri
26b. Stem, branches, leaves, and involucral bracts arachnoid-pubescent, later partly glabrescent; capitula spreading or +/- dense in branches ................................ 3. S. nitrosum
25b. Branches ascending or spreading from middle or lower stem; middle cauline leaves with (2 or)3 or 4 pairs of segments.
27a. Lowermost leaves 3--6 X 1.5--4.5 cm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; capitula in dense narrow paniculate inflorescences ............................................................................... 12. S. cinum
27b. Lowermost leaves 10--30 X 5--20(--25) mm, 2-pinnatisect; capitula in sparse narrow paniculate inflorescences.
28a. Branches spreading from lower stem; lobules of leaves narrowly linear-lanceolate; capitula in midbroad or narrow paniculate inflorescences ................... 11. S. issykkulense
28b. Branched ascending from middle of stem; lobules of leaves narrowly linear-lanceolate or narrowly linear; capitula in narrow elongated paniculate inflorescences ... 10. S. fedtschenkoanum
Artemisia schrenkiana Ledebour, Fl. Ross. 2(2): 575. 1844-46; A. albida Ledebour, p.p.; A. maritima Ledebour, p.p.;
Herbs perennial, with a strong stock, 30--50(--60) cm tall, densely incanous and arachnoid-tomentose. Petiole of lowermost leaves 2--4 cm; leaf blade broadly ovate or ovate-oblong, 3--6 X 1.5--2.5 cm, arachnoid-tomentose, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5(or 6) pairs; lobules 2--6 X 1--1.5 mm, obtuse apically. Middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect. Capitula in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, oblong or ellipsoid-oblong, 1.5--2(--2.5) mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely incanous tomentose. Florets 5 or 6. Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Desert steppe, steppe, meadow steppe, waste areas, river banks, lakeshores, terraces, canyons, saline-alkali soils, dunes; 100--1000 m. E Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia].
Artemisia transiliensis Poljakov, Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk SSSR 16: 417. 1954.
Subshrubs with a thick stock, 40--80 tall, lower bark brown, usually peeling off, densely incanous or greenish arachnoid-tomentose, later glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 2--3.5 cm; leaf blade oblong, 3.5--6 X 2.5--5 cm, incanous arachnoid-pubescent, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5(or 6) pairs; lobules narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 4--8 X 0.5--1 mm, mucronulate apically. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Distal leaves pinnatisect; leafy bracts linear, entire. Capitula in dense narrow elongated paniculate inflorescences, oblong-ellipsoid or oblong, 1--2 mm in diam., +/- sessile; involucral bracts densely pubescent, cyst-form. Florets 3--5; corolla limb red or yellow. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Slopes, canyons, rocky hills, river banks, steppe, roadsides; low to middle elevations. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan].
Herbs perennial or subshrubs, 5--50 cm tall, arachnoid-pubescent or partly glabrescent; root solitary. Petiole of proximal leaves 3--7 mm; leaf blade ovate-oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, 30--40 X 5--20 mm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs; lobules narrowly linear, 3--5 X 0.3--0.8 mm. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Distal leaves pinnatisect; leafy bracts narrowly linear, entire, rarely pinnatisect. Capitula spreading or grouped in branches and in midbroad elongated or spicate paniculate inflorescences, oblong or ovate-oblong, 1.5--2 mm in diam., sessile; involucral bracts densely arachnoid-pubescent, later sparsely pubescent or glabrescent. Florets 3--6. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & Fr. Aug-Oct.
Desert- or semidesert steppe, Gobi, rocky slopes, dry canyons, dry river banks, roadsides, terraces, saline-alkali soils; low elevations to 1500 m. NW Gansu, W Nei Mongol, Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia].
1a. Stem more than 15 cm; proximal leaves 2-pinnatisect; capitula spreading in branches and in midbroad elongated paniculate inflorescences 3a. var. nitrosum
1b. Stem 5--10 cm; proximal leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect; capitula grouped in branches and in spicate-paniculate inflorescences 3b. var. gobicum
Artemisia nitrosa Weber ex Stechmann, Artemis. 24. 1775; A. albida Maximowicz; A. dahurica (Turczaninow) Poljakov; A. lercheana Ledebour, p.p.; A. maritima Besser var. gmeliniana Besser, p.p.; A. maritima var. lercheana Besser.
Stem 40--50 cm tall. Lowermost leaves 2-pinnatisect. Capitula spreading in branches and in midbroad elongated paniculate inflorescences.
Gobi, rocky slopes, dry canyons, dry river banks, roadsides, terraces, saline-alkali soils; low elevations to 1500 m. NW Gansu, W Nei Mongol, Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia].
Artemisia mongolorum Krascheninnikov subsp. gobicum Krascheninnikov, Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR 1(3): 350. 1937; A. gobica (Krascheninnikov ex Poljakov) Grubov; A. mongolorum Krascheninnikov var. salsuginosa Krascheninnikov; A. nitrosa Weber ex Stechmann var. gobica Krascheninnikov ex Poljakov; A. nitrosa subsp. kasakorum Krascheninnikov??; A. nitrosa var. subglabra Krascheninnikov??; Seriphidium nitrosum var. kasakorum (Krascheninnikov) Y. R. Ling??; S. nitrosum var. subglabrum (Krascheninnikov) Y. R. Ling??.
Stem 5--15 cm tall. Lowermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Capitula grouped in branches, in narrow spicate-paniculate inflorescences.
Desert-, or semidesert steppe, Gobi, saline-alkali soils. Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia].
Artemisia finita Kitagawa, Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 6(4): 124. 1942; A. maritima Kitagawa.
Subshrubs 50--60 cm tall, densely incanous arachnoid-pubescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 2--5 cm; leaf blade oblong or ovate-oblong, 2--3(--5) X 1.2--2 cm, incanous arachnoid-pubescent, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments (3 or)4 or 5 pairs; lobules 2 or 3 pairs, narrowly lanceolate, 3--1.3 X 1--1.5 mm, obtuse apically. Middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, ovate or ovate-oblong, (1 or)2-pinnatisect; lobules narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts 3-lobed or entire. Capitula in narrow or broad paniculate inflorescences, oblong-obovoid or oblong, 2--2.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts incanous pubescent. Florets 3--9(--13). Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Rocky slopes, semidesert steppe, river banks, lakeshores, meadows. E Nei Mongol.
Artemisia mongolorum Krascheninnikov, Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR 1(3): 350. 1937; A. nitrosa Poljakov, p.p., quoad syn.
Subshrubs 30--45 cm tall, incanous tomentose, later partly glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 1.5--2.5 cm; leaf blade elliptic or ovate-oblong, 3--4 X 2--3 cm, densely incanous tomentose, later sparsely tomentose or glabrescent, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs; lobules narrowly linear or -lanceolate, 2--3 X 1--1.5 mm. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect; lobules narrowly linear, ca. 1 mm wide. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect or 3-lobed. Capitula in midbroad elongated paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid or oblong, 2--3 mm in diam.; involucral bracts pubescent. Florets 3--6. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Desert- or semidesert steppe, rocky slopes, Gobi; 1100--2700 m. Nei Mongol, N Qinghai [SW Mongolia].
Artemisia karatavica Krascheninnikov & Abolin ex Poljakov, Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada RSFSR 16: 396. 1954; A. tenuisecta Nevski var. karataviensis Krascheninnikov & Abolin ex Poljakov.
Subshrubs 35--60(--70) cm tall, densely incanous tomentose, or later partly glabrescent, with a thick stock. Lowermost leaves +/- sessile, ovate, 2.5--3(--5) X 1.5--2 cm, incanous arachnoid-tomentose, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments (3 or)4 or 5 pairs; lobules linear or linear-lanceolate, 40--60(--80) X 5--10 mm, acute apically. Middle cauline and uppermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect; leafy bracts narrowly linear. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid-ovoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts incanous arachnoid-tomentose or glabrescent. Florets 3--7. Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Sep-Oct.
Rocky slopes; low elevations. NW Xinjiang [Kazakstan].
Subshrubs 40--60 cm tall, silvery tomentose. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 3--6 mm; leaf blades ovate-elliptic or oblong, 3--4.5 X 1--2.5 cm, 3-pinnatisect; segments 5 or 6 pairs; lobules narrowly linear, 2.5--3.5 X 0.5 mm. Uppermost leaves 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; leafy bracts 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Capitula in narrow paniculate inflorescences, oblong, 1--1.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely silvery pubescent. Florets 3--5. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Gobi, semidesert steppe; low elevations to 1500 m. E Xinjiang.
Artemisia scopiformis Ledebour, Fl. Ross. 2(2): 575. 1844-46.
Herbs perennial, 20--40(--50) tall, incanous arachnoid-pubescent or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--10 mm; leaf blades elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 15--30 X 5--10 mm, incanous arachnoid pubescent, later glabrescent, 1(or 2)-pinnatipartite; segments 3 or 4 pairs, elliptic or ovate, 2- or 3-serrate. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatipartite, 3-partite, or entire. Capitula in midbroad pyramidal paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or oblong, 2--3 mm in diam.; involucral bracts incanous arachnoid-pubescent. Florets 3--5. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Gobi. E & N Xinjiang [Kazakstan].
Subshrubs 30--35 cm tall, densely arachnoid-pubescent or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--8 mm; leaf blades elliptic or oblong-ovate, 1.5--2 X 1--1.5 cm, arachnoid-pubescent or +/- glabrescent, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs; lobes or lobules 1--5 X 0.5--1.5(--2) mm. Middle cauline leaves pinnatisect. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts narrowly linear, entire. Capitula +/- dense or spreading in branches and in broad or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, oblong-obovoid or ovoid-ellipsoid, 2--3 mm in diam.; involucral bracts arachnoid-pubescent, later glabrescent. Florets 4--6. Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Slopes, Gobi, dry valleys, rocky hills, roadsides; low elevations to 1200 m. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan].
1a. Lobules of leaves 3--5 mm; capitula spreading in branches and in broadly ovoid paniculate inflorescences 9a. var. kaschgaricum
1b. Lobules of leaves 1--3 mm; capitula +/- dense in branches and in midbroad paniculate inflorescences 9b. var. dshungaricum
Artemisia kaschgarica Krascheninnikov, Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR 1(3): 350. 1937; A. lercheana Ling.
Lobules of leaves 3--5 mm. Capitula spreading in branches, and in broad and ovoid paniculate inflorescences.
Slopes, Gobi, dry valleys, rocky hills, roadsides; low elevations to 1200 m. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan].
Artemisia kaschgarica var. dshungarica Filat., citation??
Lobules of leaves 1--2 mm. Capitula +/- dense in branches and in midbroad paniculate inflorescences.
* N Xinjiang.
Artemisia fedtschenkoana Krascheninnikov, Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR 1(3): 351. 1937.
Herbs perennial, 15--35 cm tall, incanous pubescent or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 5--15 mm; leaf blade ovate or elliptic, 1.5--3 X 1--2(--2.5) cm, pubescent, 2-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 4 pairs; lobules narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, distal lobules 4--6, lateral lobules 2--3 X 0.3--0.8 mm, mucronulate apically. Middle cauline leaves pinnatisect. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts narrowly linear, entire. Capitula in narrow elongated paniculate inflorescences, ovoid-oblong or ovoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts puberulous, later glabrescent. Florets 2--3. Achenes oblong-ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Semidesert steppe, meadows, hills, dry slopes, terraces, roadsides; low elevations to 1500 m. W Gansu, E, S & SW Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan].
Artemisia issykkulensis Poljakov, Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. RSFSR 17: 415. 1955; A. fedtschenkoana Kraschenninikov var. issykulensis Poljakov.
Subshrubs 20--40 cm tall, incanous puberulous. Petiole of lowermost leaves 5--15 mm; leaf blade oblong-ovate or ovate, 10--25 X 4--6 mm, incanous puberulous, 2-pinnatisect; segments 2--4 pairs; lobules narrowly linear, distal lobules 4--5, lateral lobules 1.5--3 X 0.3--0.6 mm, obtuse apically. Middle cauline and distal leaves pinnatisect; leafy bracts narrowly linear-lanceolate. Capitula +/- dense in branches and in midbroad or narrow paniculate inflorescences, oblong-ovoid or ovoid, 1--1.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts puberulous. Florets 3--5. Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Nov.
Rocky slopes, Gobi, semidesert- and desert steppe; low elevations to 1400 m. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan].
Artemisia cina Berg ex Poljakov, Notul. Inst. Chem. Kazakh. 4: 69. 1959.
Herbs perennial, 20--40(--70) cm tall, incanous arachnoid-pubescent or glabrescent. Lowermost leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, 3--6 X 1.5--4.5 cm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; lobules narrowly linear-lanceolate, 2--5 X 0.3--0.8 mm, mucronulate apically. Middle cauline and uppermost leaves pinnatisect; leafy bracts narrowly linear. Capitula +/- dense in branches and in narrow paniculate inflorescences, ellipsoid-ovoid or ovoid-oblong, ca. 2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts glabrescent. Florets 3--5. Achenes ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Cultivated in N Gansu, N Shaanxi, Xinjiang [Kazakstan].
Contains a-santonin, used as an antihelminthic drug.
Artemisia brevifolia Wallich ex de Candolle, Prodr. 6: 103. 1837; A. maritima J. D. Hooker, p.p.
Subshrubs or shrubs, 15--35(--45) cm tall, incanous arachnoid-pubescent or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 3--5 mm; leaf blade ovate, 1.5--2.5 X 1--2 cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 2--4 pairs; lobules linear, 2--4 mm. Middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect or entire. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, ovoid-oblong or ellipsoid, ca. 2 mm in diam., usually 2 or 3 grouped in branchlets; involucral bracts densely pubescent. Florets 3--4(--8). Achenes oblong-ovoid or ovoid-ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Saline-alkali soils, slopes, valleys; 2700--4500 m. W Xizang [Afghanistan, N India, N Pakistan].
Artemisia maritima Linnaeus var. thomsoniana C. B. Clarke, Compos. Ind. 160. 1878; A. lehmaniana J. D. Hooker; A. maritima var. compacta Pampanini.
Subshrubs 30--80 cm tall, incanous arachnoid-pubescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves short; leaf blades ovate or broadly ovate, 2--3 X 2--3 cm, incanous pubescent, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 4(or 5) pairs; lobules narrowly linear, 0.5--1.5 mm. Uppermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect; leafy bracts 3- or 5-lobed. Capitula in broad, much branched paniculate inflorescences, subglobose, 2.5--3 mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely puberulous or +/- glabrescent. Florets 6--10. Achenes oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Slopes; 3600--4300 m. W Xizang [Afghanistan, N India, N Pakistan].
Artemisia aucheri Boissier, Fl. Orient. 3: 367. 1875; A. maritima var. aucheri (Boissier) Pampanini; A. griffithiana C. B. Clarke.
Subshrubs 30--40 cm tall, incanous pubescent or glabrescent. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--10 mm; leaf blades ovate, 2--3 X 1--2 cm, pubescent, later glabrescent, 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4(or 5) pairs; lobules narrowly linear, 5--10(--15) mm. Uppermost leaves pinnatisect; leafy bracts narrowly linear, entire, rarely 3- or 5-lobed. Capitula usually 3--5 grouped in branchlets, and in broad or midbroad and elongated paniculate inflorescences, oblong, 1.5--2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts puberulous, later glabrescent. Florets 3--5. Achenes oblong-ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Slopes, canyons, roadsides, 2400--3700 m. W Xizang [Afghanistan, Pakistan; SW Asia].
Artemisia ferganensis Krascheninnikov ex Poljakov, Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada RSFSR 16: 409. 1954.
Herbs perennial, 40--50 cm tall, densely incanous tomentose, later partly glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 1--1.5 cm; leaf blade oblong, densely tomentose, 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; lobules narrowly linear, (3--)6--9(--12) X 0.5--1(--1.5) mm, acute apically. Middle cauline and distal leaves pinnatisect; leafy bracts linear. Capitula in broad pyramidal paniculate inflorescences, ovoid-ellipsoid, 2--2.5 mm; involucral bracts pubescent. Florets 5--6. Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Desert margins, saline-alkali soils, desert steppe, rocky slopes, canyons; low or middle elevations. SW Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan].
Artemisia gracilescens Krascheninnikov & Iljin, Animadvers. Syst. Herb. Univ. Tomsk. 1(2): 2. 1949; A. lercheana Ledebour, p.p.; A. pauciflora Krylov.
Subshrubs 15--30 cm tall, with a thick stock, incanous pubescent, later glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 3--5 mm; leaf blade triangular-ovate, 10--20 X 6--10 mm, incanous pubescent and glandular punctate, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs, 3-lobuled; lobules narrowly linear. Middle cauline leaves ovate-oblong, 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Distal leaves oblong-ovate, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; leafy bracts narrowly linear, entire. Capitula in narrow pyramidal paniculate inflorescences, oblong or ellipsoid, 1--1.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts keeled, glandular punctate and puberulous or later sparsely puberulous. Florets 2--5. Achenes oblong. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Rocky slopes, Gobi, dry canyons, terraces, roadsides, semidesert- or desert steppe, saline-alkali soils; 800--2300 m. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia].
Artemisia terrae-albae Krascheninnikov, Otch. Rab. Pocv.-Bot. Otr. Kazaksk. Eksp. Akad. Nauk SSSR 4(2): 269. 1930; A. suaveolens Poljakov??; A. terrae-albae var. massagetovii Krascheninnikov??; S. terrae-albae var. massagetovii (Krascheninnikov) Y. R. Ling??; S. terrae-albae var. suaveolens (Poljakov) Y. R. Ling??.
Herbs perennial, 8--15(--30) cm tall, with a thick stock, densely white arachnoid-tomentose or partly glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves short; leaf blade ovate, 10--20(--30) X 8--10 mm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; lobules linear or narrowly linear, 2--3 X 0.3--0.5 mm. Middle cauline and uppermost leaves pinnatisect; leafy bracts linear. Capitula in midbroad loose paniculate inflorescences, oblong-ovoid or ovoid, 1.5--3 mm in diam.; involucral bracts keeled, white arachnoid-pubescent. Florets 4--5. Achenes obovoid or ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Dunes, desert margins, Gobi; low or middle elevations. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Mongolia].
Artemisia terrae-albae Krascheninnikov subsp. semiarida Krascheninnikov & Lavrova in Krylov, Fl. Sibir. Occ. 11: 2787. 1949; A. semiarida (Krascheninnikov & Lavrova) Filatova.
Herbs perennial, 20--30 cm tall, densely incanous tomentose, later partly glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 3--10 mm; leaf blade ovate-elliptic, 1--2(--3) X 1--1.5 cm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments (3 or)4 or 5 pairs; lobules narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 2--4 X 0.3--0.5 mm. Middle cauline leaves pinnatisect; leafy bracts linear. Capitula in narrow pyramidal paniculate inflorescences, ovoid-oblong or ovoid-ellipsoid, 1.5--2.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely incanous tomentose. Florets 3--5. Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug- Oct.
Desert- and semidesert steppe, saline-alkali soils; low or middle elevations. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan].
Artemisia heptapotamica Poljakov, Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada RSFSR 18: 278. 1957; A. terrae-albae Kraschenninikov var. heptapotamica (Poljakov) Poljakov.
Herbs perennial, 20--35(--40) cm tall, with a thick stock, densely incanous arachnoid tomentose, or partly glabrescent later. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves shortly petiolate, oblong-ovate or ovate-elliptic, 2--2.5 X 1--1.5 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4(or 5) pairs; lobules narrowly linear, 3--5 X 0.3--0.5 mm, acute apically. Middle cauline leaves oblong-ovate or ovate, 1(or 2)-pinnatisect. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect or entire. Capitula in midbroad and elongated paniculate inflorescences, oblong or ovoid, 1.5--2.5 mm in diam.; involucral bract sparsely arachnoid-pubescent. Florets 3--4. Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Semidesert steppe, desert steppe; 800--1500 m. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan].
Artemisia maritima Linnaeus var. sublessingiana Keller, Bot.-Geogr. Semipalat. part. 2: 89. 1912; A. sublessingiana (Keller) Krascheninnikov ex Poljakov; A. lessingiana Krylov.
Subshrubs 30--45 cm tall, incanous arachnoid puberulous. Petiole of lowermost leaves 1--2(--2.5) cm; leaf blade oblong-ovate or ovate, 3--4 X 1--2 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4(or 5) pairs; lobules narrowly linear, 5--12 X 0.3--0.5 mm. Middle cauline and uppermost leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect; leafy bracts pinnatisect or 3- or 5-lobed, or entire. Capitula in narrow or midbroad and elongated paniculate inflorescences, oblong-ovoid or ellipsoid-ovoid, 1--2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts incanous tomentose, later glabrescent. Florets 2--7(--8). Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Rocky slopes, Gobi, dry valleys, semidesert steppe, dunes; 800--1300 m. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia].
Artemisia amoena Poljakov, Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk SSSR 16: 421. 1954.
Subshrubs 5--25(--35) cm tall, with a thick stock, incanous arachnoid-pubescent, later glabrescent. Lowermost leaves shortly petiolate, ovate or oblong-ovate, 4--8 X 1.5--2(--2.5) cm, 1(or 2)-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4(or 5) pairs, occasionally middle of lateral lobes 3-lobed; lobules or lobes narrowly linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 4--12 X 1--2.5 mm, mucronulate apically. Middle cauline leaves pinnatisect; lobes narrowly linear. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts narrowly linear, 4--5 mm. Capitula in narrow spicate-paniculate inflorescences, oblong-ovoid or oblong, 1.5--2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts cyst-form, incanous pubescent. Florets 4--5. Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Rocky slopes, Gobi, saline-alkali soils; low elevations to 1500 m. N Xinjiang.
Contains santonin.
Artemisia santolina Schrenk, Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 3(7): 106. 1845.
Subshrubs 25--35(--45) cm tall, with a thick stock, densely incanous tomentose, later glabrescent. Lowermost and middle cauline leaves +/- sessile, various, elliptic-linear or broadly linear, 10--70 X 5--15 mm, pinnatifid; segments 10(--15) pairs, small, suborbicular or oblong, or 2- or 3-rounded lobed. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts linear, entire. Capitula in broad loose paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or ovoid-oblong, 2--3.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely incanous puberulous. Florets 3 or 4. Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Dunes of desert areas; low elevations to 1400 m. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Russia (Caucasus); SW Asia].
Artemisia borotalensis Poljakov, Bot. Mater. Gerb. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk SSSR 16: 425. 1954.
Herbs perennial, 12--20 cm tall, with a thick stock, incanous arachnoid-tomentose. Petiole of lowermost leaves 5--8 mm; leaf blade elliptic, 10--20(--30) X 8--15(--20) mm, densely incanous tomentose, 2-pinnatisect; segments (3 or)4 or 5 pairs; lobules narrowly linear, 1.5--3 X 0.5--1 mm, obtuse apically. Middle cauline leaves pinnatisect. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts narrowly linear, entire. Capitula in narrow spicate-paniculate inflorescences, oblong-ovoid, 1.5--2 mm in diam.; involucral bracts glandular punctate, densely arachnoid-pubescent. Florets 5--7. Achenes obovoid or obovoid-ellipsoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Desert- and semidesert steppe, Gobi, rocky slopes, terraces; 1000--1500 m. N Xinjiang.
Artemisia rhodantha Ruprecht, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, ser. 7, 14(4): 52. 1869.
Herbs perennial, 4--15(--20) cm tall, with a thick stock and capitate branches, densely white tomentose. Petiole of lowermost leaves 5--10 mm; leaf blade suborbicular or ovate, densely incanous tomentose, 2(or 3)-pinnati-, or nearly palmati-sect; segments 3 or 4(or 5) pairs; lobules narrowly linear, 2--3 mm. Middle cauline leaves shortly petiolate, 2-pinnatisect. Uppermost leaves pinnatisect; leafy bracts linear or elliptic, entire. Capitula in narrow spicate-paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or ovoid-oblong, 1.5--2(--2.5) mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely incanous tomentose. Florets 5--7; corolla limb red. Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Rocky slopes, steppe, terraces; (1500--)2100--3700 m. SW Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan].
Artemisia korovinii Poljakov, Bot. Mater. Gerb. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk SSSR 18: 279. 1957.
Herbs perennial, 15--25 cm tall, with a thick stock, incanous pubescent or glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves short; leaf blade ovate, 10--25 X 5--10 mm, pubescent, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; segments 2(or 3) pairs, 3-lobuled or not; lobes or lobules linear, elliptic, or elliptic-lanceolate, 1.5--3 mm long. Middle cauline leaves pinnatisect. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts linear, elliptic-lanceolate, or elliptic, entire. Capitula in narrow spicate-paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or ovoid-oblong, 2--2.5(--3) mm in diam.; involucral bracts puberulous, glandular punctate. Florets 4 or 5; corolla limb yellow or red. Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Rocky slopes, Gobi, semidesert steppe; 2000--3000 m. S Xinjiang [Afghanistan, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan].
Artemisia grenardii Franchet, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 3: 323. 1897; A. stracheyi J. D. Hooker & Thomson ex C. B. Clarke var. grenardii (Franchet) Y. R. Ling.
Subshrubs 15--20 cm tall, yellowish puberulous. Petioles of lowermost and middle cauline leaves 5--10 mm; leaf blades ovate or oblong, 5--8 X 3--5 mm, (1 or)2-pinnatisect; segments 3 or 4 pairs; lobules or lobes lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 2--3 X 0.5--1 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect, 3-lobed or entire. Capitula in narrow spicate-paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or subglobose, 2--3 mm in diam.; involucral bracts yellowish puberulous. Florets 4--6. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* High mountains; S Xinjiang.
Artemisia compacta Fischer ex Besser, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, n.s., 7: 34. 1834 [or should this be Fischer ex De Candolle, Prodr. 6: 102??]; A. albida Ledebour; A. maritima Linnaeus subsp. gmeliniana (Besser) Krascheninnikov; A. maritima var. compacta (Fischer ex Besser) Ledebour; A. maritima var. fischeriana Besser; A. maritima var. gmeliniana Besser.
Herbs perennial or subshrubs, 15--40 cm tall, with a stock, incanous arachnoid-tomentose, later glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 5--10 mm; leaf blade ovate, 1.5--3.5(--4) X 1--2(--3) cm, arachnoid-pubescent, later glabrescent, 2- or 3- pinnatisect; segments (3 or)4 or 5(or 6) pairs; lobules narrowly linear, 2--3(--4) X 0.5--1 mm, obtuse apically. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Uppermost leaves pinnatisect or 3--5-lobed; leafy bracts linear. Capitula densely shortly spicate in branches and in narrow racemose-paniculate inflorescences, ovoid or ovoid-oblong, 2--3 mm in diam.; involucral bracts pubescent. Florets 3--5; corolla limb red. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Rocky slopes, semideserts; low elevations to subalpine areas. W Gansu, W Nei Mongol, Ningxia, NE Qinghai, Xinjiang [Kazakstan, Mongolia, Russia].
Artemisia lehmanniana Bunge, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Pétersbourg Sav. Etrang. 7: 340. 1854.
Subshrubs 15--40(--50) cm tall, densely arachnoid-pubescent, later glabrescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 1--2 cm; leaf blade suborbicular, 1.5--2.5(--3) X 1.5--2.5(--3) cm, (2 or)3-pinnatisect; segments (2 or)3 or 4 pairs; lobules narrowly linear, 3--4 X 0.5--0.8 mm. Middle cauline leaves 2-pinnatisect; lobules short, narrowly linear. Uppermost leaves 1(or 2)-pinnatisect; leafy bracts divided or entire. Capitula grouped in compound capitula on branches and in paniculate inflorescences, ovoid-oblong or ovoid, 1.5--2.5 mm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely arachnoid-pubescent. Florets 4--8; corolla limb red. Achenes ovoid or obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Rocky slopes, canyons, roadsides; 1800--2400 m. N Xinjiang [Afghanistan, India, Kazakstan; SW Asia].
Perennial herbs, arachnoid-tomentose. Leaves 2(or 3)- pectinately pinnatisect; lobules serrate or nearly serrate, arachnoid-pubescent or glabrescent.
* One species; China.
Herbs perennial, 30--50 cm tall, densely incanous arachnoid-tomentose, later partly glabrescent or sparsely tomentose. Petiole of lowermost leaves 5--8 mm; leaf blade ovate, densely arachnoid-pubescent, later sparsely pubescent, 2(or 3)-pectinately pinnatisect; segments 3(or 4) pairs; lobules serrate or pectinate, 1--2.5 X 0.5--1 mm, obtuse apically. Middle cauline leaves 1- or 2- pectinately pinnatisect; segments 2 or 3 pairs; lobules serrate or short-linear. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts pinnatisect or 3-lobed. Capitula in midbroad and pyramidal paniculate inflorescences, oblong or oblong-campanulate, 2--2.5 mm in diam., involucral bracts arachnoid-puberulous. Florets 5--8. Achenes obovoid or oblong-ovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
* Rocky terraces, 1300--1400 m. C & W Gansu, E Xinjiang.
Artemisia Sect. Junceum Poljakov, Fl. URSS 26: 626. 1966.
Subshrubs or shrubs, tomentose or pubescent. Leaves 1- or 2- ternately 3-sectioned.
13 species and seven varieties in Eurasia, N Africa and North America including Central America; one species and one variety occurs in China.
Subshrubs 24--40 cm tall, incanous pubescent. Petiole of lowermost leaves 1.5--4 cm; leaf blade ovate or obovate, 1.5--5 X 1.5--3.5 cm, densely incanous pubescent, 2- ternately 3- sectioned; lobules linear or linear-oblanceolate, 10--15 X 1--1.5 mm, mucronulate apically. Petiole of middle cauline leaves 5--15 mm; leaf blade ternately 3-lobed; lobes linear-lanceolate or linear, 10--15 X 2--4 mm. Uppermost leaves and leafy bracts entire. Capitula in narrow or midbroad paniculate inflorescences, oblong-ovoid or ellipsoid-ovoid, 2.5--4 mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely or sparsely pubescent. Florets 4--7. Achenes obovoid. Fl. & fr. Aug-Oct.
Rocky slopes, Gobi, desert steppe; 800--1500 m. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan].
1a. Leaves 2.5--4 cm, distal lobes 10--15 mm; capitula 2.5--3(--3.5) mm in diam. 31a. var. junceum
1b. Leaves 1.5--2 cm, distal lobes 4--6 mm; capitula 3--4 mm in diam. 31b. var. macrosciadium
Artemisia juncea Karelin & Kirilov, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, n.s., 15: 383. 1842.
Leaves 2.5--4 cm; distal lobes 1--1.5 cm. Capitula 2.5--3(--3.5) cm in diam.; involucral bracts sparsely pubescent.
Rocky slopes, Gobi, desert steppe; 800--1500 m. N Xinjiang [Kazakstan].
Artemisia macrosciadia Poljakov, Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk SSSR 16: 423. 1954; A. juncea Karelin & Kirilov var. macrosciadia Poljakov.
Leaves 1.5--2 cm; distal lobes 4--6 mm. Capitula 3--4 mm in diam.; involucral bracts densely pubescent.
Habitat and distribution same as var. junceum.
[1] Herbarium (IBSC), Department of Taxonomy, South China Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wushan, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, People's Republic of China.
[2] Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, England.
[3] Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138-2094 USA.