OXYTROPIS Candolle, Astragalogia 66. 1802, nom. cons. [Draft]
棘豆属 ji dou shu
Zhu Xiang-yun (朱相云)[1]; Stanley L. Welsh[2] , Hiroyoshi Ohashi[3]
Perennial herbs or cushionlike shrublets, caulescent or acaulescent, with glandular trichomes, glands, or scalelike or slender basifixed trichomes. Stipules conspicuous, membranous, papyraceous, leathery, scarious, herbaceous, or foliaceous, usually persistent, free or adnate to petiole, distinct or connate. Leaves usually odd-pinnate, rarely appearing even-pinnate by apical leaflet reduced to a spine (Oxytropis aciphylla, O. hydtrix, and O. tragacanthoides), rarely 1-foliolate (O. monophylla and O. neimonggolica); leaflet alternate, opposite, subopposite, verticillate, or subverticillate; leaflet blades various in shape, base ± oblique. Inflorescences racemes, spicate or capitate, dense or lax, with 1 to many flowers; bracts usually triangular or lanceolate-triangular. Bracteoles absent or sometimes narrowly triangular. Calyx campanulate, tubular-campanulate, or tubular, with 5 subequal lobes. Corolla various in color, petals clawed; standard various in shape, apex rounded, emarginate, or 2-lobed; wings variously shaped, apex rounded or emarginate; keel variously shaped, apex beaked with vascular bundles reaching beak apex. Stamens diadelphous with 9 connate filaments and 1 ± distinct filament. Ovary sessile or stipitate, glabrous or pubescent. Legume sessile or stipitate, membranous or leathery, enveloped by calyx or exserted from calyx, usually 1-locular or ± 2-locular, septum absent, narrow, or wide.
About 310 species: Africa, Asia, Europe, North America; 133 species (70 endemic) in China.
The genus Oxytropis resembles Astragalus but is distinguished from the latter in having vascular bundles reaching the apex the corolla keel beak, leaflets basally oblique, glands, several with verticillate leaflets (except Astragalus alatavicus in Xinjiang of China and Russia), and several with glandular trichomes.
The following taxa are reported in FRPS 42(2): 1--145. 1998 but are not treated here. The authors have not seen any Chinese material of of these taxa, and in most cases their reported occurance in China is based on misidentifications based on literature covering plants occuring outside of China (except for Oxytropis falcata var. marquensis which is based on a type from S Gansu): Oxytropis altaica (Pallas) Persoon, O. ambigua (Pallas) Candolle, O. ampullata (Pallas) Persoon, O. biloba Saposhnikow, O. caespitosula Gontscharow, O. cana Bunge, O. chantengriensis Vassilczenko, O. chionophylla Schrenk, O. confusa Bunge, O. chorgossica Vassilczenko, O. cuspidata Bunge, O. falcata Bunge var. maquensis C. W. Chang, O. floribunda (Pallas) Candolle, O. gorbunovii Borissova, O. ketmenica Saposhnikow, O. kyzitalensis Vassilczenko, O. lanuginosa Komarov, O. longibracteata Karelin & Kirilov, O. macrobotrys Bunge, O. martijanovii Krylov, O. microsphaera Bunge, O. platonychia Bunge, O. sarkandensis Vassilczenko, O. schrenkii Trautvetter, O. semenowii Bunge, O. sulphurea (Fischer) Ledebour, O. thomsonii Bentham ex Bunge.
The following taxa are based on Chinese types but are not treated here because additional study is needed to determine if any of these should be recognized or whether the belong to existing taxa: Oxytropis barkultagi Grubov & Vassilczenko, O. burchan-buddae Grubov & Vassilczenko, O. candolleorum Vassilczenko, O. dehra-duni Vassilczenko, O. dschagataia Grubov & Vassilczenko, O. dumbedanica Grubov & Vassilczenko, O. kumbelica Grubov & Vassilczenko, O. larionovii Grubov & Vassilczenko, O. leptophylla (Pallas) Candolle var. turinata H. C. Fu, O. lutchensis Franchet.
There are additional taxa reported as occuring in China in variouis publications, but most if not all of these are these reports are based on misidentification of Chinese plants based on treatments that cover areas outside of China.
Artificial keys:
1a. Shrubs; leaf rachises persistent or modified as a thorn .............................................................................................. Key I
1b. Herbs; leaf rachises sometimes persistent but never modified as a thorn.
2a. Corolla standard and keel pubescent on outer surface ..................................................................................... Key II
2b. Corolla standard and keep glabrous on outer surface.
3a. Plants caulescent, with 1--4 apparent internodes.
4a. Corolla yellow, yellowish, or white ...................................................................................................... Key III
4b. Corolla some shade of purple, blue, pink, or less commonly white ................................................ Key IV
3b. Plants acaulescent, with no apparent internodes.
5a. Plants glandular, especially on inflorescence and floral parts; leaflets (at least some) verticillate or not verticillate ................................................................................................................................................ Key V
5b. Plants not glandular or with appressed or yellowish glandular trichomes.
6a. Leaves with leaflets scattered or opposite, none verticillate.
7a. Corolla yellow or white .......................................................................................................... Key IX
7b. Corolla some shade of purple, blue, or pink ........................................................................ Key X
6b. Leaves with at least some leaflets verticillate.
8a. Corolla yellow, yellowish white, or white ........................................................................... Key VI
8b. Corolla purple, violet, blue purple, or rarely white.
9a. Plants with appressed glandular trichomes .............................................................. Key VII
9b. Plants not glandular or glandular but in some part glands not appressed ......... Key VIII
Key I
1a. Leaves lacking terminal leaflet, rachis apex spinescent; legume nut-form in shape, thickly leathery 131. O. aciphylla
1b. Leaves with a terminal leaflet, rachis ultimately persistent as a thorn; legume vesicular, membranous.
2a. Leaves with 7--11(--13) leaflets; racemes 2--5-flowered; calyx 1--1.4 cm, lobes 2--4 mm ...........................................
........................................................................................................................................................... 132. O. tragacanthoides
2b. Leves with 19--31 leaflets; racemes 1- or 2-flowered; calyx 0.9--1.1 cm, lobes 1.2--2 mm ................ 133. O. hystrix
Key II
1a. Corolla white; leaflet blades narrowly elliptic; calyx lobes 3--4 mm .................................................... 119. O. lhasaensis
1b. Corolla purple, bluish purple, violet, blue, or rarely white; leaflet blades oblong, elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate; calyx lobes 4.5--9 mm.
2a. Plants 10--35 cm tall; calyx lobes 4.5--5 X ca. 1.2 mm ................................................................. 120. O. sericopetala
2b. Plants 7--9 cm tall; calyx lobes 7--9 X ca. 3 mm ................................................................ 121. O. parasericeopetala
Key III
1a. Corolla white, keel beak (0.5--)2.5--3 mm; bracts 5--10 mm ........................................................................... . 28. O. nutans
1b. Corolla yellow, pale yellowish, or rarely red, keel beak 0.2--1 mm; bracts 1.5--7(--8) mm.
2a. Corolla standard 6--7 mm; calyx ca. 4 mm; bracts ca. 1.5 mm ................................................... 40. O. sinkiangensis
2b. Corolla standard 8--17 mm; calyx 5.8--11.4 mm; bracts 2--8 mm.
3a. Bracts ca. 2 mm; corolla standard 0.8--0.9 cm, keel ca. 6.7 mm; legume stipe ca. 7 mm .......................... 44. O. gueldenstaedtioides
3b. Bracts 4--8 mm; corolla standard 0.9--1.7 cm, keel 7--14 mm; legume stipe 0--2 mm.
4a. Calyx 7--10 mm, lobes 3.5--4.5 mm.
5a. Leaves with 11--15 leaflets; peduncle 10--35 cm; legume body 2--3 X 0.6--0.6 cm 42. O. meinshausenii
5b. Leaves with 15--29 leaflets; peduncle 3--12 cm; legume body 1.5--2 X 1--1.5 cm ....... 43. O. pilosa
4b. Calyx 5.8--11.5 mm, lobes 2--8 mm.
6a. Leaflet blades 2.5--3 cm; calyx 5.8--7.2(--8.5) mm .............................................. . 41. O. ochrocephala
6b. Leaflet blades 0.5--2(--3) cm; calyx 6.5--11.5 mm.
7a. Legume body (1--)1.5--2.5 cm; bracts ca. 4 mm ............................................... 45. O. ochroleuca
7b. Legume body 0.8--1.2 cm; bracts 6--7 mm ........................................................ 46. O. kansuensis
Key IV
1a. Plants with impressed yellow glands; leaflets at least moderately spaced; racemes 2--6-flowered; beak of corolla keel ca. 0.4--0.7 mm ......................................................................................................................................... 26. O. tudanensis
1b. Plants non-glandular; leaflets variously arranged; racemes variously flowered; beak of corolla keel various.
2a. Plants (3--)4--10(--12) cm tall.
3a. Leaves (0.5--)1--3 cm, with 9--15 leaflets; leaflet blades (1--)2--5 mm ............................... 30. O. tianschanica
3b. Leaves 2--8 cm, with 15--25(--29) leaflets; leaflet blades 3--10(--12) mm.
4a. Racemes many-flowered; corolla standard 5--9(--14) mm.
5a. Leaves 5--20 cm; leaflet blades 5--25 X 2--9 mm; peduncle 7--25 cm or more ............ 32. O. deflexa
5b. Leaves 2--5(--8) cm; leaflet blades 3--10(--12) X 1.5--5 mm; peduncle 1.4--6(--8) cm.
6a. Calyx 4--5 mm; corolla standard 5--9 mm, keel beak ca. 0.3 mm ................. 34. O. hirsutiuscula
6b. Calyx 5--7 mm; corolla standard 9--14 mm, keel beak 1.5--2 mm ................. 49. O. dichroantha
4b. Racemes (4--)6--8(--9)-flowered; corolla standard (9--)11--13(--15 mm.
7a. Plants 8--12 cm tall; leaves with (17 or)19 or 21 leaflets; peduncle 7--11 cm; calyx ca. 4 mm; 38. O. chinglingensis
7b. Plants 3--7 cm tall; leaves with 9--19 leaflets; calyx 5--9 mm.
8a. Leaves with 11--19 leaflets; leaflet blades 7--15 mm; racemes 7--9-flowered; corolla standard 1.2--1.3(--1.5) cm ................................................................................................................ 48. O. hirsuta
8b. Leaves with 9 or 11 leaflets; leaflet blades 2.5--6 mm; racemes 2--5-flowered; corolla standard 0.9--1.1 cm ...................................................................................................................... 56. O. latialata
2b. Plants (3--)10--80(--100) cm tall.
9a. Leaves with 21 or more leaflets on at least some leaves (only to 23 leaflets in O. maqinensis and O. xinglongshanica).
10a. Corolla standard 1--1.2 cm; corolla keel beak 0.2--0.5 mm; legume stipe 1.5--2 mm, body 1.2--1.6 cm 47. O. qinghaiensis
10b. Corolla standard (0.5--)0.7--1.5 cm; corolla keel beek, legume stipe, and legume body not simultaneously within same range as above.
11a. Calyx 7.5--11(--11.2) mm; corolla standard 1.5--1.6 cm ......................................... 52. O. maqinensis
11b. Calyx (2.2--)4--8(--10) mm; corolla standard (0.5--)0.7--1.5 cm.
12a. Racemes 3--10(--15)-flowered.
13a. Calyx lobes 1.5--2 mm; corolla standard (5--)7--8(--10) mm ......................... 50. O. glabra
13b. Calyx lobes 2.5--4.7 mm; corolla standard (10--)11--14 mm ............... 58. O. melanocalyx
12b. Racemes many-flowered.
14a. Corolla wings (5--)6--7 mm, keel beak 0.2--0.5 mm ........................................ 50. O. glabra
14b. Corolla wings 8--14 mm, keel beak 0.5--2.5 mm.
15a. Leaves 5--6 cm; peduncle ca. 6 cm .................................................... 55. O. densiflora
15b. Leaves (3--)5--20 cm; peduncle mainly over 6 cm.
16a. Corolla standard 0.8--1.2 cm, keel 0.7--0.9 cm; calyx (3--)5--7(--8) mm.
17a. Corolla standard 8--9 mm, keel 8--9 mm ................................. 32. O. deflexa
17b. Corolla standard 8--12 mm, keel 7--8 mm ......................... 57. O. lapponica
16b. Corolla standard 1--1.5 cm, keel (0.9--)1--1.3 cm; calyx (7--)8(--10) mm.
18a. Leaflet blades 14--20 mm; beak of corolla keel 1.5--1.7 mm ............... 54. O. xinglongshanica
18b. Leaflet blades 3--14 mm; beak of corolla keel 1--1.5 mm.
19a. Stipules 10--12 mm................................................... 29. O. penduliflora
19b. Stipules 6--8 mm................................................................ 53. O. giraldii
9b. Leaves with 9--21 leaflets (rarely in 25 leaflets in O. podoloba and O. zekogensis).
20a. Plants 3--4 cm tall; leaves with 9 or 11 leaflets .................................................................. 56. O. latialata
20b. Plants (3--)5--80(--100) cm tall; leaves with (7--)11--21(--29) leaflets.
21a. Plants 3--13 cm tall; racemes 6--9-flowered.
22a. Leaves 1.5--4 cm; leaflet blades 4--7 mm; corolla standard 0.9--1 cm, keel beak short; legume body 1--1.2 cm ..................................................................................................... 31. O. gerzeensis
22b. Leaves 5--9 cm; leaflet blades 7--15 mm; corolla standard 1.2--1.3 cm, keel beak 2.5--3 mm; legume body 1.5--2 cm ............................................................................................. 48. O. hirsuta
21b. Plants (5--)10--80(--100) cm tall; racemes 3--9-flowered or more.
23a. Racemes 3--12-flowered.
24a. Racemes 3--5-flowered, dense or compact .......................................... 39. O. sitaipaiensis
24b. Racemes 3--12-flowered, rather lax.
25a. Corolla keel 1--1.4 cm; stipules ca. 3 mm; bracts ca. 1.5 mm ......... 36. O. taochensis
25b. Corolla keel ca. 0.8 cm; stipules 5--7 mm; bracts 3--6 mm ............ 37. O. zekogensis
23b. Racemes 8- to many-flowered.
26a. Leaflet blades 1.4--2 cm; corolla standard 1.1--1.5 cm, wings 1.1--1.4 cm ............... 54. O. xinglongshanica
26b. Leaflet blades (0.4--)0.5--1.4 cm (but to 2.5 cm in O. glabra); corolla standard (0.5--)0.6--1 cm, wings 5--10 mm.
27a. Calyx 6--8 mm, 3--4 mm .................................................................. 59. O. subpodoloba
27b. Calyx (2.2--)4--5 mm, lobes 1.2--2.5 mm.
28a. Leaves 2--4 cm; peduncle 1.5--3 cm; corolla wings ca. 5.5 mm 35. O. ganningensis
28b. Leaves (3--)5--15 cm; (2--)4.5--20 cm; corolla wings (5--)6--10 mm.
29a. Calyx lobes 2.4--2.5 mm; corolla wings ca. 10 mm; leaflet blades oblong 51. O. podoloba
29b. Calyx lobes 1.2--2 mm; corolla wings (5--)5--8 mm; leaflet blades linear, lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, narrowly ovate, or elliptic.
30a. Leaflet blades ca. 1 mm wide; racemes (1--)4--7 cm; beak of corolla keel ca. 1.5 mm .................................................................... 33. O. yekenensis
30b. Leaflet blades (1--)3--7 mm wide; racemes 4--7 cm; beak of corolla keel 0.2--0.5 mm .......................................................................... 50. O. glabra
Key V
1a. Leaflets not verticillate.
2a. Stipules ca. 4 mm; racemes 1--3-flowered; calyx with scalelike glands; legume body 1--1.7 cm 25. O. squammulosa
2b. Stipules ca. 10 mm; racemes 5--10-flowered; calyx and/or other herbage usually with dense but not scalelike glands; legume body 2.2--5 cm ............................................................................................................... 27. O. falcata
1b. Leaflets, at least some, verticillate (except in some O. pseudomyriophylla).
3a. Corolla pale or dirty yellow, standard apex acuminulate; stipules hard ............................................ 5. O. muricata
3b. Corolla various puplish, bluish, or violet colors (rarely yellow or white in O. microphylla), standard apex rounded; stipules herbaceous or membranous.
4a. Racemes (6--)8--20-flowered; legume without glands.
5a. Stipules (10--)12--15 mm; calyx 10--13 mm, lobes ca. 2--4 mm; corolla standard 1.9--2.5 cm; legume subglobose, bladdery-inflated, membranous ................................................................ 6. O. trichophysa
5b. Stipules 3.2--4.3 mm; calyx ca. 7.5 mm, lobes ca. 1 mm; corolla standard ca. 1.7 cm; legume lanceolate-ovoid, not bladdery-inflated, leathery ............................................................... 7. O. pseudomyriophylla
4b. Racemes 3--6-flowered; legume glandular.
6a. Plants (4--)5--15 cm tall; stipules conspicuously white pilose and long persistent; leaflet in (10--)13--27 whorls; leaflet blades 2--3 mm; corolla standard 1.9--2 cm; legume falcately cylindric 8. O. microphylla
6b. Plants 22--35 cm tall; stipules not markedly white pilose or long persistent; leaflet in 3--5 whorls; leaflet blades 5--15 mm; corolla standard ca. 2.2 cm; legume cylindric ...................... 9. O. pseudoglandulosa
Key VI
1a. Plants to 25 cm tall; leaflets 4--24 mm; beak of corolla keel 1.2--1.8 mm; legume sessile .................. . 15. O. ochrantha
1b. Plants to 40 cm tall; beak of corolla keel 1--1.5 mm; legume substipitate or shortly stipitate.
2a. Leaves 10--19 cm; leaflets 1--3 cm, mostly opposite but some verticillate; bracts longer than calyx; corolla yellow, keel beak ca. 1 mm ............................................................................................................ 16. O. ochrolongibracteata
2a. Leaves 5--8 cm; leaflets 0.4--0.7 cm, mostly verticillate; bracts shorter than calyx; corolla white, keel beak ca. 1--1.5 mm ....................................................................................................................................................... 17. O. qamdoensis
Key VII
1a. Beak of corolla keel (1.5)1.8--3.8 mm; leaflets in 12--16(--50) whorls; bracts 8--15 mm ............ 12. O. myriophylla
1b. Beak of corolla keel 1.5--2.5 mm; leaflets in (2 or)3--12 whorls and some or most leaflets merely opposite; bracts 3--10 mm.
2a. Calyx 0.9--1 cm; herbage not glandular; legume stipitate .................................................... 13. O. trichophora
2b. Calyx (1--)1.2--1.7 cm; herbage with appressed yellowish or glandular trichomes; legume sessile 14. O. bicolor
Key VIII
1a. Plants with appressed or yellowish glandular trichomes
2a. Beak of corolla keel (1.5)1.8--3.8 mm; leaflets in 12--16(--50) whorls; bracts 8--15 mm ............ 12. O. myriophylla
2b. Beak of corolla keel 1.5--2.5 mm; leaflets in (2 or)3--12 whorls and some or most leaflets merely opposite; bracts 3--10 mm.
3a. Calyx 0.9--1 cm; herbage not glandular; legume stipitate .................................................... 13. O. trichophora
3b. Calyx (1--)1.2--1.7 cm; herbage with appressed yellowish or glandular trichomes; legume sessile 14. O. bicolor
1b. Plants non-glandular.
4a. Plants caulescent or shortly caulescent (acaulescent in some O. racemosa).
5a. Plants shortly caulescent, stems neither diffuse nor much-branched; racemes 7--10-flowered; leaves 5--14 cm, with 6--13 whorls 4--6 of leaflets ................................................................................................ 21. O. racemosa
5b. Plants definitely caulescent, stems diffuse and often much branched; racemes 1--3-flowered; leaves 3--5 cm, with 2--5 whorls of 3 or 4 leaflets .......................................................................................... 23. O. ramosissima
4b. Plants strictly acaulescent.
6a. Plants (1.5--)2--6 cm tall; leaves (0.5--)1--5 cm; racemes 1--3-flowered.
7a. Leaves (0.5--)1--3 cm, with 6--12 whorls of 4--6 leaflets; corolla standard 1.4--2.2 cm, keel beak 0.5--1.1 mm; plants turf- or cushion-forming ......................................................................................... 22. O. chionobia
7b. Leaves 3--5 cm, with 2--4 whorls of 3 or 4 leaflets; corolla standard 2.1--3.2 cm, keel beak ca. 2 mm; plants caespitose ........................................................................................................................ 24. O. langshanica
6a. Plants (3--)5--20(--40) cm tall; leaves (2.5--)3--20(--30) cm; racemes 5--15-flowered or more (few-flowered in O. shanxiensis)
8a. Leaves of 3 kinds, i.e. with a solitary leaflet, with 7--15 opposite leaflets, and with 3 or 4 whorls of 3 or 4 leaflets each; corolla standard 1.5--1.6 cm .................................................................... 10. O. shanxiensis
8b. Leaves with leaflets in (1--)3--18 whorls or some leaves with leaflets in whorls and others opposite or alternate (if with 3 kinds as above then plants not from Shandong or Shanxi); corolla standard 1.5--1.6 cm.
9a. Leaflets in (7--)12--18 whorls; corolla standard (1.4--)1.5--2.5(--3) cm
10a. Corolla standard 2.5--3 cm; legume body 2--2.5 cm ..................................... 18. O. przewalskii
10b. Corolla standard 2--2.5 cm; legume body 1--1.6 cm.
11a. Plants 5--8 cm tall; leaves 5--7 cm; calyx lobes ca. 2 mm .............................. 11. O. lanata
11b. Plants 11--40 cm tall; leaves (5--)10--30 cm; calyx lobes 3.5--4.5 mm 12. O. myriophylla
9b. Leaflets in (1--)3--10 whorls (or not verticillate for some leaves); corolla standard 1.4--1.8(--2.3) cm.
12a. Calyx (1--)1.2--1.7 cm, lobes (2--)3.5--7 mm; corolla standard 1.4--2.3 cm ......... 14. O. bicolor
12b. Calyx 0.6--1 cm, lobes 1--3.5 mm; corolla standard 1.4--1.8 mm.
13a. Leaves 3--6 cm; leaflets in 4 or 5 whorls; peduncle 3--5 cm; calyx 8--10 mm 19. O. pumila
13b. Leaves 7--20(--25) cm; leaflets in (1--)3--9 whorls; peduncle 6--11(--19) cm; calyx 6--8.3(--10) mm .................................................................................................................. 20. O. oxyphylla
Key IX
1a. Leaves with 1 leaflet
2a. Petiole 2--5 cm; corolla light yellow, yellow, yellowish green, red, whitish green, or white; ovary pubescent 129. O. neimonggolica
2b. Petiole 0.5--1 cm; corolla purple; ovary glabrous ....................................................................... 130. O. monophylla
1b. Leaves with 3 or more leaflets.
3a. Leaves with 3 leaflets ......................................................................................................................... 64. O. diversifolia
3b. Leaves with 5 or more leaflets.
4a. Racemes 2 or 3-flowered; corolla white; leaflet blades not more than 4 mm .............................. 82. O. biflora
4b. Racemes with (2 or)3--many-flowered; corolla variously colored (sometimes white in O. argentata but not a Xizang species); leaflet blades at least some greater than 4 mm (only 2--3 mm in O. holanshanensis but not a Xizang species).
5a. Corolla standard ca. 0.7 cm; calyx 2.5--3 mm ........................................................... 95. O. holanshanensis
5b. Corolla standard 1.2--2.6 cm; calyx 6--14 mm.
6a. Racemes much longer than leaves; calyx 6--7 mm ..................................................... 93. O. ladyginii
6b. Racemes shorter to slightly longer than leaves; calyx 8--14 mm.
7a. Racemes dense and many-flowered; corolla standard ca. 1.3 cm, keel beak 0.5--1 mm .. 65. O. maduoensis
7b. Racemes dense and 2--8-flowered or if many-flowered then lax; corolla standard 1.7--2.6 cm, keel beak 1--2.5 mm.
8a. Plants 2--3 cm tall; leaves 1.5--4 cm; leaflets 13--19; legume ca. 1.2 cm 104. O. stracheyana
8a. Plants 5--20 cm tall; leaves 3--15 cm; leaflets 7--25(--31); legume 1.7--2.5 cm.
9a. Calyx 1.2--1.3 cm; corolla standard 1.7--2 cm, apex emarginate ............. 68. O. ciliata
9b. Calyx 0.8--10(--1.2) cm; corolla standard 2--2.6 cm, apex rounded.
10a. Leaves with (9--)19--25(--31); racemes subcompact, 3--5 flowered; beak of corolla keel 2--2.5 mm ....................................................................... 77. O. pseudohirsuta
10b. Leaves with 7--11 leaflets; racemes lax, many-flowered; beak of corolla keel 1--1.5 mm ................................................................................................ 122. O. argentata
Key X
1a. Petals pubescent on outer surfaces.
2a. Plants 10--35 cm tall; leaves 7--20 cm; leaflet blades 0.6--2.5 cm; calyx lobes 4.5--5 mm; corolla standard 0.9--1.2 cm .......................................................................................................................................................... 120. O. sericopetala
2b. Plants 7--9 cm tall; leaves 3--5 cm; leaflet blades 0.8--1.2 cm; calyx lobes 7--9 mm; corolla standard 1.8--2 cm 121. O. parasericeopetala
1b. Petals glabrous on outer surfaces.
3a. Corolla standard auriculate above claw, standard tapering into two auricles at base ............... 62. O. auriculata
3b. Corolla standard tapering (sometimes abruptly) to claw or widened in basal half, not auriculate.
4a. Corolla standard oblong, widened in basal half ...................................................................... 61. O. sichuanica
4b. Corolla standard variously shaped, not widened in basal half.
5a. Corolla standard contracted at middle, tapering at base, lamina obovate ................ 60. O. guinanensis
5b. Corolla standard not contracted at middle, base various, lamina various.
6a. Plants with rigid spreading trichomes ................................................................................. 63. O. hirta
6b. Plants variously glabrous, subglabrous or otherwise pubescent, but not with rigid spreading trichomes (though sometimes with spreading trichomes).
7a. Plants (including leaves and racemes) at tallest point mostly exceeding 10 cm in height Key X-A
7b. Plants (including leaves and racemes) not or seldom exceeding 10 cm in height ..... Key X-B
Key X-A
1a. Corolla standard 0.5--1(--1.1) cm.
2a. Beak of corolla keel 0.5 mm or shorter; calyx 4--7 mm.
3a. Stipules triangular; leaves with 19--29 leaflets; inflorescences 5--14-flowered; peduncle (2.5--)11--19(--30) cm; calyx 5--6 .............................................................................................................................. 113. O. qilianshanica
3b. Stipules linear-lanceolate or ovate; Leaves with 9--19(or 21); inflorescences 6--10-flowered; peduncle 2 or 3 or 4--15 cm; calyx 5--9 mm.
4a. Stipules linear-lanceolate; racemes lax; peduncle 2--3 cm; calyx lobes as long as tube 92. O. avisoides
4b Stipules ovate; racemes compact; peduncle 4--15 cm; calyx lobes shorter than tube 126. O. proboscidea
2b. Beak of corolla keel 1--2.5 mm; calyx 2.5--6(--8) mm.
5a. Racemes compactly globose; beak of corolla keel ca. 2.5 mm ................................................ 89. O. globiflora
5b. Racemes not compactly globose; beak of corolla keel 1--2 mm.
6a. Legume body 5--6 mm .......................................................................................................... 100. O. imbricata
6b. Legume body (5--)8--15 mm.
7a. Peduncle 2--4 X as long as subtending leaves; leaflets more than 29 at least for some leaves.
8a. Peduncle ca. 2 X as long as subtending leaves; corolla standard 5.5--7 mm, apex emarginate; legume body 5--10 mm .......................................................................................... 94. O. filiformis
8b. Peduncle 3--4 X as long as subtending leaves; corolla standard 6--11 mm, apex rounded; legume body 10--15 mm .................................................................................................. 124. O. lehmannii
7b. Peduncle shorter than to somewhat surpassing subtending leaves; leaflets 25 or fewer for all leaves.
9a. Calyx 3--3.5 mm, lobes ca. 1 mm ...................................................................... 97. O. tashkurensis
9b. Calyx (3.5--)4--6 mm, lobes (1--)1.2--3 mm.
10a. Racemes 7--13-flowered; calyx lobes ca. 1.2 mm; beak of corolla keel ca. 1.5 mm; legume stipe 2--2.5 mm ....................................................................................... 102. O. fragiliphylla
10b. Racemes 15--20-flowered or many flowered; calyx lobes 2.5--3 mm; beak of corolla keel ca. 2 mm; legume stipe (0.7--)1--2 mm.
11a. Stipules 4--5 mm; calyx 5--6 mm, lobes 2.5--3 mm; legume 11--13 X 4.5--5.5 mm ... 67. O. lanceatifoliola
11b. Stipules 5--10 mm; calyx (3.5--)4--5 mm, lobes 1002 mm; legume 8--9 X ca. 3 mm . 90. O. pagobia
1b. Corolla standard (0.7--)1--2.2(--3) cm.
12a. Calyx (9--)10--15 mm; corolla standard (1.5--)1.7--3 cm.
13a. Leaflets more than 31 on at least some leaves; beak of corolla keel ca. 1 mm.
14a. Plants 20--40 cm tall; bracts 7--9 mm; calyx lobes 1--2.2 mm; corolla standard apex slightly emarginate, keel 1.8--2 cm ...................................................................................................................... 115. O. songarica
14b. Plants (6--)10--21 cm tall; bracts 12--15 mm; calyx lobes 3--5 mm; corolla standard apex 2-lobed, keel 1.5--1.7 cm ........................................................................................................................................... 87. O. alpina
13b. Leaflets never more than 29 per leaf; beak of corolla keel (1--)1.5--3 mm.
15a. Racemes 3--13-flowered; beak of corolla keel 1--1.5 mm.
16a. Bracts 4--5 mm; corolla standard 1.8--2 cm; legume 0.7--0.8 mm .......................... 1. O. sacciformis
16b. Bracts 8--18 mm; corolla standard 3.1--2.7 cm; legume ca. 1.5 cm ................ 110. O. latibracteata
15b. Racemes many-flowered; beak of corolla keel 2--3 mm.
17a. Plants 10--18 cm tall; leaves with 13 or 15 leaflets; leaflet blades 0.8--1 cm; corolla standard ca. 1.5 cm, wings 1.2--1.3 cm ........................................................................................... 88. O. pseudofrigida
17b. Plants 20--40 cm tall; leaves with 15--29 leaflets; leaflet blades 1--2.5 cm; corolla standard 2.3--3 cm, wings ca. 2 cm ......................................................................................................... 112. O. grandiflora
12b. Calyx 3--10(--10.5) mm; corolla standard 0.7--1.7(--2) cm.
18a. Racemes 2--8(--10)-flowered.
19a. Corolla standard 1.5--2 cm with an emarginate apex, wings 1.6--1.8 cm, keel ca. 1.3 cm; legume sessile ....................................................................................................................................................... 74. O. anertii
19b. Corolla standard 1.2--1.3 cm with a 2-lobed apex, wings 1--1.2 cm, keel 1--1.1 cm; legume with a 2--4 mm stipe ................................................................................................................................... 81. O. yunnanensis
18b. Racemes many-flowered (5--12-flowered in O. barkolensis).
20a. Leaves 1.5--5 cm, with 11--15 leaflets ......................................................................... 4. O. trichocalycina
20b. Leaves (3--)5--30 cm, with 13--35(--41) leaflets.
21a. Calyx 6.3--10 mm.
22a. Stipules 1.8--2.5 cm; corolla standard 1.4--2 cm, apex emarginate ........... 111. O. barkolensis
22b. Stipules 1--1.7 cm; corolla standard 0.9--1.7 cm, apex rounded.
23a. Stipules ca. 1 cm; leaflet apices acuminate; corolla standard with a broadly oblong limina, wings apically emarginate, keel beak 3--4 mm ............................ 114. O. pseudocoerulea
23b. Stipules 1.4--1.7 cm; leaflet apices acute to subtruncate; corolla standard with a subrotund to broadly ovate lamina, wings apically rounded, keel beak 0.8--1.5 mm .. 116. O. mollis
21b. Calyx 3--7 mm.
24a. Beak of corolla keel 2.2--3 mm ............................................................................ 101. O. caerulea
24b. Beak or corolla keel 0.5--2 mm.
25a. Leaflet blades 1.9--2.8 cm; peduncle 17--40 cm; corolla standard ca. 1.6 cm, keel 1.5--1.6 cm ......................................................................................................................... 86. O. qitaiensis
25b. Leaflet blades 0.3--2 cm; peduncle 10--25 cm; corolla standard 0.7--1 cm, keel 0.8--0.9 cm.
26a. Plants to 30 cm tall; racemes lax; peduncle with sparse appressed white trichomes; calyx 3.6--5 mm; corolla standard 7--10 mm; legume stipitate ....... 96. O. merkensis
26b. Plants only to 12 cm tall; racemes dense; peduncle with spreading white long trichomes; calyx 6--7 mm; corolla standard ca. 10 mm; calyx 6--7 mm; legume sessile ...................................................................................................... 118. O. nangqianensis
Key X-B
1a. Corolla standard (1.3--)1.7--2.6 cm; calyx 8--16 mm.
2a. Plants 10--15 cm tall; legume body 0.6--0.8 cm.
3a. Racemes dense; bracts triangular, 4--5 mm; calyx ca. 1 cm ..................................................... 1. O. sacciformis
3b. Racemes lax; bracts linear, ca. 6 mm; calyx 1.1--1.3 cm ....................................................... 2. O. siziwangensis
2b. Plants 1--10 cm tall; legume body 1--3 cm
4a. Leaves (2--)5--10 cm (1--2 cm in O. leptophylla var. turbinata).
5a. Leaflets 13--21; corolla wings ca. 1.5 cm; legume body oblong .............................. 76. O. moellendorffii
5b. Leaflets 5--13; corolla wings 1.8--2 cm; legume body ovoid.
6a. Leaves with 5--9 leaflets; corolla standard 2--3 cm with a subelliptic lamina, keel ca. 1.8 cm; legume ca. 0.8 cm wide .................................................................................................................. 71. O. inschanica
6b. Leaves with 9--13 leaflets; corolla 1.8--2.3 cm with a subrotund lamina, keel 1.5--1.7 cm; legaume 1.2--1.5 cm wide .................................................................................................................. 72. O. leptophylla
42b. Leaves 2--6 cm.
7a. Leaves with 21--27 leaflets; corolla standard apically 2-lobed and reflexed ................ 73. O. wutaiensis
7b. Leaves with 5--21 leaflets; corolla standard apically emarginate (sometimes 2-lobed in O. rupifraga) and not reflexed.
8a. Leaves with 15--21 leaflets; leaflet blades 1--2 mm wide; calyx 0.8--1.2 cm; corolla standard 1.5--2 cm, wings 1-1.6 cm, keel beak ca. 1 mm .......................................................................... 127. O. rupifraga
8b. Leaves with 5--15 leaflets; leaflet blades (1.5--)2--4 mm wide; calyx (1--)1.2--1.6 cm; corolla standard (1.8--)2--2.6 cm, wings 1.7--2.5 cm, keel beak 1.5--3 mm.
9a. Racemes only 2- or 3-flowered; bracts 3--6 mm; leaves with 7--11 .................. 69. O. poncinsii
9b. Racemes 1--7-flowers; bracts 6--14 mm; leaves with 7--15 leaflets.
10a. Plants 1--3 cm tall; leaves with 5--11 leaflets; bracts 0.6--1 cm; corolla keel 1.5--1.7 cm, beak 2--3 mm .......................................................................................................... 70. O. eriocarpa
10b. Plants (1--)3--8 cm tall; leaves with 9--15 leaflets; bracts 1--1.4 cm; corolla keel 1.7--1.8 cm, beak 1.5--3 mm ................................................................................................ 75. O. assiensis
1b. Corolla standard 0.5--1.3(--1.4) cm; calyx 3--9(--1.5) mm.
11a. Racemes many-flowered (few to ca. 10 in O. immersa).
12a. Calyx 9--15 mm; corolla standard 1--1.4 cm; beak of corolla keel 2.5--3 mm .................. 4. 0. trichocalycina
12b. Calyx 3--8 mm; corolla standard 0.6--1.3 cm; beak of corolla keel (0.3--)1--2 mm.
13a. Leaves with 5--9(--15) leaflets ....................................................................................................... 3. O. bella
13b. Leaves with 13--21(--25) leaflets.
14a. Keel of corolla beak 0.3--0.5 mm.
15a. Leaves with 15--21 leaflets; apex of corolla standard emarginate; beak of corolla keel ca. 0.3 mm ..................................................................................................................... 66. O. linearibracteata
15b. Leaves with at least some with 21--25 leaflets; apex of corolla standard subrounded; beak of corolla keel ca. 0.5 mm ............................................................................................. 109. O. valerii
14b. Keel of corolla beak (0.7--)1--2 mm.
16a. Racemes rather globose; corolla standard 7--8.5 mm, wings 7--8 mm ............ 90. O. pagobia
16b. Racemes ± elongate; corolla standard 9--11 mm, wings 9.5--12 mm.
17a. Stipules ca. 1 cm; corolla wings 10--12 mm, keel beak ca. 2 mm ........ 105. O. longialata
17b. Stipules 5--6 mm; corolla wings ca. 9.5 mm, keel beak ca. 1 mm ............ 128. O. immersa
11b. Racemes (1- or)2--10-flowered.
18a. Calyx 3--3.4 mm, lobes 1/2 or more as long as tube.
19a. Leaves ca. 5 cm; calyx lobes ca. 3 mm; corolla purple, standard 6.5--7.5 mm .......... 84. O. yanchiensis
19b. Leaves 1--2 cm; calyx lobes ca. 1.6 mm; corolla red, standard 7--8 mm .......... 103. O. tukemansuensis
18b. Calyx (3--)4--9 mm, lobes 1/4--1/2 as long as tube.
20a. Leaves with 21--25-leaflets; legume linear in profile .................................................. 123. O. malloryana
20b. Leaves variously with 9--25(--29) leaflets; legume various but seldom if ever linear in profile.
21a. Racemes (2--)5--10-flowered; beak of corolla keel ca. 0.5 mm (ca. 1.5 mm in O. reniformis).
22a. Leaves with 9 or 11 leaflets.
23a. Peduncle ca. 2 X as long as leaves; calyx 0.8--1 cm; leaves 1.5--2.5 cm; leaflet blades 3--4 mm ................................................................................................................. 91. O. baxoiensis
23b. Peduncle as long as leaves; calyx 1.1--1.3 cm; leaves 3--4 cm; leaflet blades 4--7 mm 117. O. reniformis
22b. Leaves with (9 or)11--19(or 21) leaflets.
24a. Corolla standard 5--8 mm; leaves 1--3 cm; legume body 0.9--1.2 cm ......... 107. O. densa
24b. Corolla standard 8--13 mm; leaves 2--7 cm; legume body 1.3--2.5 cm . 108. O. humifusa
21b. Racemes 2--5(--8)-flowered; beak of corolla keel 0.3--1(--1.5) mm.
253a. Corolla standard 0.9--1.5(--2.1) cm, keel beak 1--1.6 mm.
26a. Leaves 0.5--1.5 cm; peduncle ca. 2 X as long as leaves .................. 106. O. vermicularis
26b. Leaves (0.8--)2--8 cm; peduncle subequal to leaves or only slightly surpassing them.
27a. Peduncle 4--10 cm; legume body 4--7 mm in wide ........................... 128. O. immersa
27b. Peduncle 0.5--5(--6.5) mm; legume body 3--4 mm wide.
28a. Racemes lax; calyx 4--6 mm, lobes ca. 1.5 mm; legume with a 2--3 mm stipe, body ca. 1 cm .............................................................................................. 99. O. krylovii
28b. Racemes compact; calyx 6---9(--13) mm, lobes 1.5--4 mm; legume sessile or substipitate, body 1--2 cm.
29a. Calyx lobes 1.5--1.7 mm; corolla standard 0.9--1.3 cm, apex emarginate 78. O. platysema
29b. Calyx lobes (1.8--)3--4 mm; corolla standard 1--1.5(--2.1) cm, apex 2-lobed ................................................................................................ 83. O. pauciflora
25b. Corolla standard 0.5--1 cm, keel beak 0.3--1 mm.
30a. Peduncle longer than leaves; calyx ca. 4(--4.8) mm; legume body ca. 13 X 5 mm . 98. O. saposhnikovii
30b. Peduncle shorter than, subequal too, or only slightly surpassing leaves; calyx 3--6 mm; legume body 5--12 X 2--3 mm (unknown in O. cinerascens).
31a. Corolla standard 5--7(--8) mm, keel beak 0.3--0.4 mm.
32a. Leaves 2--7 cm; peduncle equaling leaves; legume 10--12 mm, shortly stipitate .............................................................................................................. 79. O. pusilla
32b. Leaves 1--2 cm; peduncle less than 1 cm; legume 5--6 mm, stipe as long as calyx tube .................................................................................. 80. O. brevipedunculata
31b. Corolla standard 6--10 mm, keel beak 0.5--1 mm.
33a. Plants 7--10 cm tall; leaves 2.5--6 cm; peduncle about equaling leaves; bracts ca. 3 mm ............................................................................................... 85. O. cinerascens
33b. Plants 3--5 cm tall; leaves 0.5--3 cm; peduncle somewhat surpassing leaves; bracts 1--1.5 mm ...................................................................... 125. O. savellanica
Key to subgenera:
1a. Shrublets, usually pulvinate; leaf rachises and petioles persistent (species nos. 131--133) ...........................................
.................................................................................................................................................... 3. O. subgen. Traganthoxytropis
1b. Herbs, perennial; leaf rachises not persistent but petioles sometimes persistent.
2a. Legume enveloped by calyx, indehiscent (species nos. 1--4) ...................................... 1. O. subgen. Ptiloxytropis
2b. Legume exserted from calyx, dehiscent when mature (species nos. 5--130) .................... 2. O. subgen. Oxytropis
1. OXYTROPIS subgen. PTILOXYTROPIS Bunge in Boissier, Fl. Orient. 2: 502. 1872.
柔毛棘豆亚属 rou mao ji dou ya shu
Herbs, acaulescent, markedly pubescent. Leaves odd-pinnate, with 5--15 leaflets; rachis not persistent as a spine. Racemes dense or lax, 3- to many-flowered. Flowers 0.7--2 cm. Calyx long-lobed; lobes 1/2--2 X as long as tube. Corolla bluish violet, purple, rose, reddish purple, or white. Legume 6--9 mm, included within calyx tube but sometimes splitting tube, indehiscent.
Two sections and five species: China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; two sections and four species (two endemic) in China.
1a. Calyx inflated at anthesis, lobes shorter than tube (species nos. 1--2) .......................................... 1. O. sect. Mongolia
1b. Calyx not inflated at anthesis, lobes as long or longer than tube (species nos. 3--4) ........... 2. O. sect. Ptiloxytropis
1. Oxytropis sect. Mongolia H. C. Fu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 20: 311. 1982.
长梗组 chang geng zu
Herbs, 10--15 cm tall, acaulescent. Leaves odd-pinnate; leaflets not verticillate. Racemes 3--10-flowered; peduncle typically longer than leaves. Calyx inflated at late anthesis; lobes shorter than tube. Corolla standard 1.8--2 cm.
Two species: endemic to China.
1a. Racemes dense; bracts triangular, 4--5 mm; calyx ca. 1 cm ..................................................................... 1. O. sacciformis
1b. Racemes lax; bracts linear, ca. 6 mm; calyx 1.1--1.3 cm ....................................................................... 2. O. siziwangensis
1. Oxytropis sacciformis H. C. Fu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 20: 311. 1982.
囊萼棘豆 nang e ji dou
Herbs, 10--15 cm tall, acaulescent, from a multicipital caudex. Stipules narrowly triangular, ca. 1.5 cm X 2 mm, scarious, with long stout trichomes, basally connate. Leaves 1.5--8 cm, with 7--17 leaflets; leaflet blades lanceolate, lanceolate-ovate, ovate, or elliptic, 3--20 X 1--2 mm, with appressed dense stout trichomes. Racemes dense, 3--10-flowered; peduncle 6--12 cm; bracts triangular, 4--5 X ca. 2 mm, with long stout trichomes. Calyx cylindric, becoming somewhat inflated, ca. 10 X 3 mm, with dense long stout trichomes; lobes subulate, 3--5 X ca. 0.5 mm, to 1/2 as long as tube. Corolla bluish violet; standard 1.8--2 cm, lamina spatulate, apex rounded to slightly emarginate; wings 1.5--1.7 cm, lamina obovate; keel ca. 1.4 cm, beak ca. 1.5 mm. Legume sessile, ovoid, 7--8 X ca. 4 mm, enveloped by calyx after anthesis, with dense whitish stout trichomes. Fl. Sep, fr. Sep.
* Sand dunes on slopes; elevation unknown. Nei Mongol (Ulanqab Meng).
2. Oxytropis siziwangensis Y. Z. Zhao & Zong Y. Zhu, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Neimenggol 26: 721. 1995.
四子王棘豆 si zi wang ji dou
Herbs, to ca. 10 cm tall, acaulescent, from a shortly branched multi-headed caudex. Stipules membranous, white hirsute, basally adnate to petiole. Leaves 1.5--8 cm, with 7--11 leaflets; leaflet blades linear-lanceolate, 8--15 X 1--4 mm, abaxially densely appressed white pilose, adaxially glabrous or laxly appressed white pilose, base attenuate to narrowly cuneate. Racemes lax, 3--10-flowered; peduncle 5--9 cm, densely hirsute with spreading white stout trichomes; bracts linear, ca. 6 X 2 mm, glabrous or adaxially with appressed to spreading white stout trichomes. Calyx cylindric or finally somewhat inflated, 11--13 X ca. 3 mm, externally hirsute; lobes subulate, 3--4 X ca. 0.5 mm. Corolla bluish violet; standard ca. 2 cm, lamina obovate, apex slightly emarginate; wings ca. 1.7 cm; keel ca. 1.5 cm, beak ca. 1.5 mm. Legume sessile, ovoid, ca. 6 X 4 mm, densely appressed whitish pilose, septum narrow. Fl. Jul, fr. unknown.
* Sandy areas; elevation unknown. Nei Mongol (Ulanqab Meng).
2. Oxytropis sect. Ptiloxytropis Bunge, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 22(1): 46. 1874.
柔毛棘豆组 rou mao ji dou zu
Herbs, 3--12 cm tall, acaulescent. Calyx not inflated at anthesis; lobes as long or ± longer than tube. Corolla standard 0.7--1.4 cm.
Three species: China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; two species (none endemic) in China.
1a. Calyx (4.5--)6--8 mm, lobes ± as long as tube; corolla standard (0.6--)0.7--0.9 cm, keel beak (0.3--)1 mm ... 3. O. bella
1b. Calyx 9--15 mm, lobes ca. 2 X as long as tube; corolla standard 1--1.4 cm, keel beak 2.5--3 mm 4. O. trichocalycina
3. Oxytropis bella B. Fedtschenko ex O. Fedtschenko, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 21: 303. 1903.
美丽棘豆 mei li ji dou
Oxytropis trichosphaera Freyn.
Herbs, 3--7(--9.5) cm tall, acaulescent, arising from a multi-headed caudex, caespitose, densely gray pubescent. Stipules with a lanceolate-triangular and ca. 3 X 2 mm free part, scarious, pubescent, adnate to petioles only at base. Leaves (1--)1.5--6 cm, with 5--9(--15) leaflets; petioles and rachis with spreading trichomes; leaflet blades linear to lanceolate-oblong, (3--)5--10 X 1--3 mm, both surfaces densely white pilose. Racemes 1--3 cm, compact, many-flowered; peduncle 2.5--7.5 cm, as long as or longer than leaves, with white fine trichomes; bracts triangular, 3--5 X 1--2 mm, with appressed trichomes. Calyx broadly cylindric, not inflated, (4.5--)6--8 X 2--4 mm, with spreading dense white trichomes; lobes subulate, (2--)3--4 X ca. 0.5 mm, subequal to tube. Corolla purple, rose-red, or violet; standard (6--)7--9 mm, lamina orbicular, apex rounded to emarginate; wings lamina obovate, 6.5--8 mm; keel subequal to wings, beak ca. (0.3--)1 mm. Legume shortly stipitate; body ovoid, (4--)6--8 X 2--3(--5) mm, sometimes enveloped by calyx or sometimes or splitting calyx, with dense whitish long trichomes. Fl. Jun--Jul, fr. Jun--Jul.
Sandy areas, and alpine gravelly areas; 3800--4300 m. Xinjiang, Xizang [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan].
4. Oxytropis trichocalycina Bunge ex Boissier, Fl. Orient. 2: 502. 1872.
毛齿棘豆 mao chi ji dou
Herbs, 3--12 cm tall, acaulescent, from a short multi-headed caudex. Stipules subulate to linear-lanceolate with an awl-shaped linear free part, lanate with white soft trichomes, adnate to petioles nearly to middle, not connate. Leaves 1.5--5 cm, with 11--15 leaflets; petiole and rachis with spreading dense cottonlike trichomes; leaflet blades linear-lanceolate, 3--11 mm, dense, both surfaces densely sericeous-lanate. Racemes compact, many-flowered; peduncle longer than leaves, with densely and softly shortly lanate-pubescent mixed with sparse long trichomes; bracts linear-subulate, 5--10 mm, with soft lanate pubescence. Calyx campanulate, not inflated, 0.9--1.5 cm, densely lanate with spreading soft trichomes; lobes awl-shaped, ca. 2 X as long as tube, densely plumose. Corolla purple; standard 1--1.4 cm, lamina oblong-ovate, apex rounded to retuse; wings slightly shorter than standard; keel subequal to wings, beak long awl-shaped and 2.5--3 mm. Legume sessile, oblong-ovoid, 7--9 X 2.5--3 mm, inflated, thinly leathery, included in calyx, 1-locular, 2-seeded, with appressed white short trichomes, beak ca. 2 mm. Fl. May--Jun, fr. May--Jun.
South facing slopes, in gravelly areas; elevation unknown. Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan].
2. OXYTROPIS subgen. OXYTROPIS
棘豆亚属 ji dou ya shu
Aragallus Necker ex Greene.
Herbs, caulescent or acaulescent, either with both glands and trichomes or only trichomes. Stipules free or adnate to petioles. Leaves odd-pinnate; leaflets alternate, opposite, or whorled (verticillate). Corolla varying in color, large- to medium-sized. Legume exserted from calyx, dehiscent when mature, adaxial septum and sometime abaxial septum developed.
About 20 sections and ca. 250 species; 18 sections and 127 species (69 endemic) in China.
1a. Leaves with 1 leaflet (species nos. 129--130) ........................................................................... 18. O. sect. Neimonggolia
1b. Leaves with 3- to many-leaflets.
2a. Leaflets verticillate or both verticillate and opposite.
3a. Plants with glands; leaflets verticillate (species nos. 5--9) ............................................. 3. O. sect. Polyadena
3b. Plants without glands; leaflets verticillate and opposite (species nos. 10--24) .............. 4. O. sect. Baicalia
2b. Leaflets opposite on rachis, or sometimes from alternate or subopposite, not verticillate.
4a. Plants with glands.
5a. Plants with conspicuous, persistent, stramineous petioles clothing caudex apices (species no. 25) 5. O. sect. Leucopodia
5b. Plants lacking persistent petioles at caudex apices (species nos. 26--27) ........ 6. O. sect. Falcicarpha
4b. Plants without glands.
6a. Plants caulescent, with conspicuous internodes.
7a. Corolla standard lamina usually orbicular, not contracted in middle, not widened at basal half, and without auricles (species nos. 28--59) .............................................................. 7. O. sect. Mesogaea
7b. Corolla standard lamina obovate, oblong, or ovate-triangular.
8a. Corolla standard lamina spatulate, base tapering, middle contracted hence becoming 3-lobed (species no. 60) ...................................................................................... 8. O. sect. Dolichanthos
8b. Corolla standard lamina oblong or ovate-triangular, base widened or tapering into 2 auricles.
9a. Corolla standard lamina oblong widened in basal half, base widened and without auricles, apex emarginate (species no. 61) ....................................................... 9. O. sect. Sichuania
9b. Corolla standard ovate-triangular, base auriculate, apex obliquely cuneate (species no. 62) .................................................................................................................. 10. O. sect. Auricula
6b. Plants acaulescent, without conspicuous internodes or only exceptionally caulescent.
10a. Plants hirsute with spreading coarse long straight rigid trichomes; leaves 10--15 cm, with leaflets 1--5 cm (species no. 63) 11. O. sect. Brachytropis
10b. Plants glabrous, with spreading trichomes, or densely pubescent but not hirsute; leaves never 10--15 cm, with leaflets to 1--5 cm.
11a. Corolla standard, and keel pubescent on outer surface (species nos. 119--121) . 16. O. sect. Sericeopetala
11b. Corolla standard and and keel not pubescent on any surface.
12a. Plants glabrous or with spreading trichomes; leaflet blades whitish green.
13a. Legume membranous; peduncle ± as long as leaves (species nos. 64--85) 12. O. sect. Xerobia
13b. Legume scarious; peduncle much longer than leaves (species nos. 86--102) 13. O. sect. Eumorpha
12b. Plants densely pubescent; leaflet blades yellowish gray or whitish gray.
14a. Plants covered with whitish gray trichomes; leaflet blades whitish gray (species nos. 122--128) ............................................................................................ 17. O. sect. Orobia
14b. Plants with yellowish gray or yellowish brown trichomes; leaflet blades yellowish gray or yellowish brown.
15a. Peduncle 5--9 cm (species nos. 103--109) ......................... 14. O. sect. Janthina
15b. Peduncle 2--38 cm (species nos. 110--118) ..................... 15. O. sect. Oxytropis
3. Oxytropis sect. Polyadena Bunge, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 22(1): 152. 1874.
多腺棘豆组 duo xian ji dou zu
Herbs, acaulescent, glandular. Leaves odd-pinnate; leaflets verticillate. Racemes 3- to many-flowered; peduncle 2--25 cm, shorter to longer than leaves. Corolla blue purple, purple, or yellow. Ovary sessile or shortly stipitate, with 15--35 ovules. Legume usually inflated, 1- or ± 2-locular.
Seven species: Russia, Himalayas, Mongolia, China; five species (two endemic) in China.
1a. Corolla pale or dirty yellow, standard apex acuminulate; stipules hard .................................................... 5. O. muricata
1b. Corolla various puplish, bluish, or violet colors (rarely yellow or white in O. microphylla), standard apex rounded; stipules herbaceous or membranous.
2a. Racemes (6--)8--20-flowered; legume without glands.
3a. Stipules (10--)12--15 mm; calyx 10--13 mm, lobes ca. 2--4 mm; corolla standard 1.9--2.5 cm; legume subglobose, bladdery-inflated, membranous ............................................................................................... 6. O. trichophysa
3b. Stipules 3.2--4.3 mm; calyx ca. 7.5 mm, lobes ca. 1 mm; corolla standard ca. 1.7 cm; legume lanceolate-ovoid, not bladdery-inflated, leathery ................................................................................... 7. O. pseudomyriophylla
2b. Racemes 3--6-flowered; legume glandular.
4a. Plants (4--)5--15 cm tall; stipules conspicuously white pilose and long persistent; leaflet in (10--)13--27 whorls; leaflet blades 2--3 mm; corolla standard 1.9--2 cm; legume falcately cylindric ................. 8. O. microphylla
4b. Plants 22--35 cm tall; stipules not markedly white pilose or long persistent; leaflet in 3--5 whorls; leaflet blades 5--15 mm; corolla standard ca. 2.2 cm; legume cylindric .......................................... 9. O. pseudoglandulosa
5. Oxytropis muricata (Pallas) Candolle, Astragalogia 86. 1802.
糙荚棘豆 cao jia ji dou
Phaca muricata Pallas, Reise Russ. Reich. 3: 746. 1776; Astragalus muricata (Pallas) Pallas.
Herbs, 5--12 cm tall, acaulescent, from a multi-headed caudex. Stipules with a lanceolate-subulate free part, densely yellowish villous with appressed long trichomes, glandular, adnate to petioles nearly to middle. Leaves 5--12(--20) cm; rachis with sparse trichomes and yellow glands; leaflets verticillate, in 15--18(--25) whorls, ca. 4 blades per whorl or rarely 2 and opposite; leaflet blades linear, lanceolate, or oblong, 4--6 X 1--2 mm, both surfaces with yellow glands, adaxially with appressed white trichomes, base rounded, apex acute. Racemes elongate, lax, several- to many-flowered; peduncle as long or shorter than leaves, with appressed long trichomes and glands; bracts broadly lanceolate, ca. 10 X 3 mm, with appressed dense yellow glands, apex acute. Calyx cylindric, 0.9--1.1 cm, with brown trichomes and pale yellow glands; lobes triangular, 2--3 X ca. 0.5 mm. Corolla pale to dirty yellow; standard 2.2--2.5 X ca. 0.7 cm, lamina elliptic-lanceolate, apex acuminulate; wings 1.7--2 X ca. 0.3 cm, lamina obovate, apex rounded; keel as long as wings, beak ca. 1 mm. Legume cylindric-tapering, 2--2.5 X 0.4--0.6 cm, leathery, ± 2-locular, glabrous and glandular, beak ca. 3 mm. Fl. Jun, fr. Jul. 2n = 32.
Hillsides; elevation unknown. Ningxia [N Mongolia, Russia (Siberia)].
6. Oxytropis trichophysa Bunge, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 22(1): 158. 1874.
毛泡棘豆 mao pao ji dou
Herbs, 12--20 cm tall, acaulescent, from a multi-headed caudex, tuft-forming, clothed with many persistent stipules and leaves. Stipules with a lanceolate free part, (10--)12--15 X 3--5 mm, membranous, glandular and glabrous or strigose, adnate to petiole base, connate-sheathing, margin densely white ciliate with stout trichomes, apex acuminate. Leaves (4--)5--12.5(--18) cm; petiole 1--4.5 cm; petiole and rachis firm, sparingly and finely spreading villous and tubercular-glandular; leaflets verticillate, in 12--28 whorls, 4--6 blades per whorl; leaflet blades oblong-ovate to ovate, 2--5(--7) X 0.8--1.5 mm, slightly thickened, glabrous or with sparse short trichomes. Racemes subcapitate to elongate, (6--)8--20-flowered; peduncle 7--13 cm, shorter to ± equalling leaves, with spreading trichomes and glandular; bracts ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate-oblong, (5--)6--8 X 1--2 mm, herbaceous, with spreading white and black trichomes and glands, apex acute. Calyx cylindric, 10--13 X ca. 3 mm, slightly inflated, with appressed black and white trichomes and glands; lobes lanceolate, 2--4 X ca. 0.5 mm. Corolla violet to purple; standard 1.9--2.5 cm, lamina suborbicular to obliquely spatulate, apex rounded; wings 1.8--2.1 cm, lamina obliquely triangular-spatulate, apex emarginate; keel 1.7--2 cm, beak 2--3.3 mm. Legume subsessile; body bladdery inflated, 1.6--2 cm, membranous, whitish and blackish villous and with glands, beak 2--3 mm. Fl. Jun--Aug, fr. Jun--Aug.
Gravelly slope and valleys; elevation unknown. Gansu, Xinjiang [Mongolia, Russia (W Siberia)].
7. Oxytropis pseudomyriophylla S. H. Cheng ex X. Y. Zhu et al., J. Jap. Bot. 74: 127. 1999.
拟多叶棘豆 ni duo ye ji dou
Herbs, 10--25(--30) cm tall, acaulescent, from a simple to copiously branched multi-headed caudex. Stipules narrowly triangular, 3.2--4.3 X 1.7--2.6 mm, herbaceous to membranous, with rigid trichomes, highly adnate to petiole, veins conspicuous. Leaves 12--15 cm, with yellowish brown trichomes; leaflets verticillate or opposite, in 15--27 whorls or pairs, 2--4 blades per node; leaflet blades narrowly oblong, lanceolate, or elliptic, 6--9 X 2--2.5 mm, both surfaces with dense glandular trichomes. Racemes elongate, lax, (5--)8--20-flowered; peduncle 7--25 cm, much surpassing leaves; bracts ovate, ca. 6.5 X 2.5 mm, with yellowish brown trichomes and glands. Calyx cylindric, ca. 7.5 X 3 mm, with yellowish brown trichomes; lobes subulate, ca. 1 X 0.2 mm. Corolla purple; standard ca. 1.7 X 0.4 cm, lamina narrowly obovate, apex rounded; wings ca. 1.6 cm, lamina obovate, apex rounded; keel ca. 1.2 cm, beak 1.5--2 mm. Legume sessile; body lanceolate-ovoid, leathery, with glandular trichomes. Fl. May--Sep, fr. May--Sep.
* Hillsides, roadsides along fields; 1400--2600 m. Gansu, Ningxia, Shanxi.
8. Oxytropis microphylla (Pallas) Candolle, Astragalogia 83. 1802.
小叶棘豆 xiao ye ji dou
Phaca microphylla Pallas, Reise Russ. Reich. 4: 744. 1776; Astragalus microphyllus (Pallas) Pallas (1800), not Linnaeus (1753); Oxytropis chiliophylla Royle ex Bentham; O. grenardii Franchet; O. ingrata Freyn; O. microphylla J. D. Hooker & Thomson ex Bunge (1874), not (Pallas) Candolle (1802); O. polyadenia Freyn; O. tibetica Bunge.
Herbs, (4--)5--15 cm tall, acaulescent, from a multi-headed caudex. Branches conspicuously white villous-pilose, with persistent stipules at base. Stipules narrowly triangular, ca. 5 X 1.5 mm, membranous, densely yellowish villous or with spreading to ascending whitish trichomes and with glands, basally connate. Leaves (2--)4--6(--7) cm; leaflets verticillate, in (10--)13--27 whorls; leaflet blades lanceolate-ovate to narrowly elliptic, 2--3 X 0.5--1 mm. Racemes compact to rather lax, becoming 2--5 cm, 3--6-flowered; peduncle 2--5(--7) cm, shorter to longer than leaves, densely villous and with glands; bracts triangular, 7--8 X 2--3 mm, villous and with glands. Calyx cylindric, 9--10 X ca. 3 mm, whitish and blackish villous and with glands; lobes subulate, 2--2.7 X ca. 0.5 mm. Corolla purple, pink, bluish purple, light bluish violet, violet, yellow, or white; standard 1.9--2 cm, lamina elliptic, apex rounded; wings 1.5--1.7 cm, lamina obovate, apex retuse; keel 1.3--1.5 cm, beak 1--1.6(--2) mm. Legume sessile or subsessile; body falcate-oblong in profile, (1.2--)1.7--3 X 0.5--0.7 cm, erect-ascending, abaxially deeply sulcate, whitish and blackish villous or glabrous and tubercular glandular. Fl. May--Sep, fr. Jul--Sep. 2n = 16, 16+2B.
Hillsides, valley slopes, gravelly river terracees, hillsides in Stipa grasslands, ice terraces, high elevation grasslands, Carex-Arinaria communities in stony open limestone areas, sandy areas, Caragana scrub; 2700--5200 m. Gansu, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Xizang [Afghanistan, India, Kashmir, Kyrgyzstan, Nepal, Pakistan, Tajikistan].
9. Oxytropis pseudoglandulosa Gontscharov ex Grubov, Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk SSSR. 17: 18. 1955.
拟腺棘豆 ni xian ji dou
Herbs, 22--35 cm tall, acaulescent, from a multi-headed caudex. Branches clothed with marcescent stipules. Stipules lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 0.8--1.4 cm, thinly membranous, densely pilose, basally adnate to petiole, shortly connate, apex subulate-acuminate to obtuse. Leaves 3--20 cm; petiole 1--5 cm; leaflets verticillate, in 3--5 whorls; leaflet blades linear to linear-oblong, 0.5--1.5 cm, abaxially tubercular glandulular. Racemes rather lax, 3--6-flowered; peduncle 6--13 cm, subequal to leaves, with spreading trichomes. Calyx cylindric, 1.1--1.5 cm, with appressed black and white trichomes and with glandular trichomes; lobes 3--4 mm. Corolla purple; standard ca. 2.2 cm, lamina elliptic, apex rounded; wings 1.6--1.8 cm; keel ca. 1.6 cm, beak ca. 1.5 mm. Legume cylindric. Fl. Jun--Aug, fr. Jun--Aug.
* Sandy areas along Qinghai Lake; 3000--3100 m. Qinghai.
4. Oxytropis sect. Baicalia Steller ex Bunge, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 22(1): 135. 1874.
轮叶棘豆组 lun ye ji dou zu
Oxytropis sect. Arenicola C. W. Chang.
Herbs, acaulescent or caulescent, non-glandular (except for glands between leaflets and sometimes on bracts but glands indicated for O. myriophylla, O. lanata, and O. bicolor). Leaves with leaflets verticillate or verticillate and opposite. Racemes single- to many-flowered; peduncle 3--20 cm. Legume (unknown in O. shanxiensis) sessile or shortly stipitate; body ovoid-oblong, ovoid, or globose, 1--2.5 cm, usually inflated, 1 or ± 2-locular, with 15--35 seeds.
About 38 species: Afghanistan, China, Himalayas, Kazakhstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, North America, Mongolia, Russia (Siberia), Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; 15 species (8 endemic) in China.
1a. Corolla yellow, yellowish white, or white.
2a. Plants to 25 cm tall; leaflets 4--24 mm; beak of corolla keel 1.2--1.8 mm; legume sessile .......... . 15. O. ochrantha
2b. Plants to 40 cm tall; beak of corolla keel 1--1.5 mm; legume substipitate or shortly stipitate.
3a. Leaves 10--19 cm; leaflets 1--3 cm, mostly opposite but some verticillate; bracts longer than calyx; corolla yellow, keel beak ca. 1 mm ...................................................................................... 16. O. ochrolongibracteata
3a. Leaves 5--8 cm; leaflets 0.4--0.7 cm, mostly verticillate; bracts shorter than calyx; corolla white, keel beak ca. 1--1.5 mm ......................................................................................................................................... 17. O. qamdoensis
1b. Corolla various purplish, bluish, reddish, or violet colors and usually 2-colored (rarely white in O. oxyphylla).
4a. Plants with appressed or yellowish glandular trichomes
5a. Beak of corolla keel (1.5)1.8--3.8 mm; leaflets in 12--16(--50) whorls; bracts 8--15 mm .... 12. O. myriophylla
5b. Beak of corolla keel 1.5--2.5 mm; leaflets in (2 or)3--12 whorls and some or most leaflets merely opposite; bracts 3--10 mm.
6a. Calyx 0.9--1 cm; herbage not glandular; legume stipitate ............................................ 13. O. trichophora
6b. Calyx (1--)1.2--1.7 cm; herbage with appressed yellowish or glandular trichomes; legume sessile 14. O. bicolor
4b. Plants non-glandular.
7a. Plants caulescent or shortly caulescent (acaulescent in some O. racemosa).
8a. Plants shortly caulescent, stems neither diffuse nor much-branched; racemes 7--10-flowered; leaves 5--14 cm, with 6--13 whorls 4--6 of leaflets ................................................................................. 21. O. racemosa
8b. Plants definitely caulescent, stems diffuse and often much branched; racemes 1--3-flowered; leaves 3--5 cm, with 2--5 whorls of 3 or 4 leaflets ........................................................................... 23. O. ramosissima
7b. Plants strictly acaulescent.
9a. Plants (1.5--)2--6 cm tall; leaves (0.5--)1--5 cm; racemes 1--3-flowered.
10a. Leaves (0.5--)1--3 cm, with 6--12 whorls of 4--6 leaflets; corolla standard 1.4--2.2 cm, keel beak 0.5--1.1 mm; plants turf- or cushion-forming .................................................................. 22. O. chionobia
10b. Leaves 3--5 cm, with 2--4 whorls of 3 or 4 leaflets; corolla standard 2.1--3.2 cm, keel beak ca. 2 mm; plants caespitose .................................................................................................... 24. O. langshanica
9a. Plants (3--)5--20(--40) cm tall; leaves (2.5--)3--20(--30) cm; racemes 5--15-flowered or more (few-flowered in O. shanxiensis)
11a. Leaves of 3 kinds, i.e. with a solitary leaflet, with 7--15 opposite leaflets, and with 3 or 4 whorls of 3 or 4 leaflets each; corolla standard 1.5--1.6 cm ..................................................... 10. O. shanxiensis
11b. Leaves with leaflets in (1--)3--18 whorls or some leaves with leaflets in whorls and others opposite or alternate (if with 3 kinds as above then plants not from Shandong or Shanxi); corolla standard 1.5--1.6 cm.
12a. Leaflets in (7--)12--18 whorls; corolla standard (1.4--)1.5--2.5(--3) cm
13a. Corolla standard 2.5--3 cm; legume body 2--2.5 cm ............................. 18. O. przewalskii
13b. Corolla standard 2--2.5 cm; legume body 1--1.6 cm.
14a. Plants 5--8 cm tall; leaves 5--7 cm; calyx lobes ca. 2 mm ...................... 11. O. lanata
14b. Plants 11--40 cm tall; leaves (5--)10--30 cm; calyx lobes 3.5--4.5 mm 12. O. myriophylla
12b. Leaflets in (1--)3--10 whorls (or not verticillate for some leaves); corolla standard 1.4--1.8(--2.3) cm.
15a. Calyx (1--)1.2--1.7 cm, lobes (2--)3.5--7 mm; corolla standard 1.4--2.3 cm . 14. O. bicolor
15b. Calyx 0.6--1 cm, lobes 1--3.5 mm; corolla standard 1.4--1.8 mm.
16a. Leaves 3--6 cm; leaflets in 4 or 5 whorls; peduncle 3--5 cm; calyx 8--10 mm . 19. O. pumila
16b. Leaves 7--20(--25) cm; leaflets in (1--)3--9 whorls; peduncle 6--11(--19) cm; calyx 6--8.3(--10) mm ........................................................................................... 20. O. oxyphylla
10. Oxytropis shanxiensis X. Y. Zhu, Nord. J. Bot. 23: 279. 2003.
山西棘豆 shan xi ji dou
Herbs, 7--15 cm tall, acaulescent, from a short few-headed caudex. Stipules narrowly triangular, 7--11 X 1--2 mm, herbaceous, with white trichomes, adnate to petiole base, apical ca. 2/3 free. Leaves 5--13 cm, of 3 types. First type with leaves 1-foliolate eophylls (early produced leaves); petiole 1.3--2.6 cm; leaf blade narrowly ovate to ovate, 1.5--1.7 X ca. 0.5 cm, apex acute. Second type with leaves several-foliate, to 13 cm, with 7--15 leaflets; leaflets opposite; leaflet blade apices acuminate to acute. Third type with leaves verticillate; leaflets in 3 to 4 whorls, 3 or 4 blades per whorl; leaflet blades narrowly ovate to lanceolate-elliptic, 6--10 X 0.5--1 mm. Racemes few-flowered; peduncle 3--16 cm, curved when young, soft, shorter than leaves at anthesis but almost as long as leaves in fruit; bracts narrowly ovate, 2.5--4.5 X 0.5--1 mm, with white trichomes. Calyx campanulate, 7--9 mm, with white trichomes; tube 4--4.5 mm; lobes subulate, 3--4 X ca. 0.2 mm. Corolla purple; standard 1.5--1.6 X 0.5--0.6 cm, lamina broadly ovate, apex emarginate; wings ca. 1.2 cm, lamina obovate, apex rounded; keel 1.1--1.3 cm, beak ca. 1 mm. Ovary pubescent. Legume unknown. Fl. Jun--Aug.
* Grasslands on hillsides; elevation unknown. Shandong, Shanxi.
11. Oxytropis lanata (Pallas) Candolle, Astragalogia 89. 1802.
绵毛棘豆 mian mao ji dou
Phaca lanata Pallas, Reis Russ. Reich. 3: 746. 1776.
Herbs, 5--8 cm tall, acaulescent, from a much-branched multi-headed caudex, tuft- or mat-forming, clothed with marcescent stipules, sericeous. Stipules membranous, adnate to petiole. Leaves 5--7 cm; leaflets verticillate, in 12--18 whorls, 4--8 blades per whorl, arranged on opposite sides of rachis; leaflet blades oblong to linear, 3--12 X 1--2.5 mm, softly lanate-pubescent, apex obtuse. Racemes compact, a broad ovoid head, many-flowered; peduncle shorter to as slightly longer than leaves, densely spreading lanate. Calyx cylindric, 11--12 X 3--3.5 mm; lobes triangular-lanceolate, ca. 2 mm. Corolla reddish pink to purple; standard 2--2.5 cm, lamina ovate-orbicular and 1--1.2 cm wide, apex rounded to barely emarginate; wings 1.8--2 cm, lamina longer than claw; keel 1.5--1.6 cm, beak ca. 2 mm. Legume ovoid-oblong, 12--14 X ca. 6 mm, slightly inflated, thinly leathery, ± 2-locular, softly lanate. Fl. Jun--Jul, fr. unknown. 2n = 16.
* Sandy areas; ca. 1200 m. Nei Mongol [Russia (Sibiria)].
12. Oxytropis myriophylla (Pallas) Candolle, Astragalogia 87. 1802; illus. Fl. Intramong. 3:308. 1989.
多叶棘豆 duo ye ji dou
Phaca myriophylla Pallas, Reise Russ. Reich. 745. 1776; Astragalus myriophyllus (Pallas) Pallas; Oxytropis davidii Franchet; O. myriophylloides Hurusawa.
Herbs, 11--40 cm tall, acaulescent, from a multi-headed caudex, tufted, with appressed white and yellow trichomes or with some long spreading trichomes. Stipules ovate-lanceolate, membranous, with appressed dense yellow elongate trichomes, connate to middle, apex subulate-acuminate. Leaves (5--)10--30 cm; leaflets verticillate, in 12--16(--50) whorls, 4--8 blades per whorl, arranged on opposite sides of rachis; leaflet blades linear, oblong, or lanceolate, 3--15 X 1--3 mm, both surfaces with dense long trichomes, base rounded, apex acuminate. Racemes compact, many-flowered; peduncle 8--17 cm, shorter to ca. 1.5 X as long as leaves, covered with spreading long thin trichomes; bracts lanceolate, 0.8--1.5 cm, with long trichomes. Flowers ascending. Calyx tubular, 1.1--1.4(--1.6) cm, with long trichomes; lobes lanceolate, 3.5--4.5 mm, both surfaces with trichomes. Corolla pale purple drying bluish, lamina oblong and 1.8--2.5 cm, apex rounded to emarginate; wings 1.5--2 cm, apex acute; keel 1.2--2 cm, beak (1.5--)1.8--3.8 mm. Legume erect-ascending, substipitate; body ovoid-oblong, 10--16 X 3--5 mm, leathery, ± 2-locular, with dense long trichomes, beak 5--7 mm. Fl. May--Jun, fr. Jul--Aug. 2n = 16.
Hillsides, grasslands, rocky mountain slopes, prairies, sandy areas, and Betula forest margins; 200--2600 m. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shanxi [Mongolia, Russia].
13. Oxytropis trichophora Franchet, J. Bot. (Morot) 4: 303. 1809.
毛序棘豆 mao xu ji dou
Oxytropis shensiana Ulbrich.
Herbs, 10--20 cm tall, acaulescent, from a multi-headed caudex. Branches with white long stout trichomes and yellowish or glandular trichomes. Stipules with a lanceolate free part, membranous, basally adnate to petiole, apex acute. Leaves 2.5--6(--8) cm; leaflets verticillate, in (2--)7--12 whorls, 3 or 4 blades per whorl and some also arranged on opposite sides of rachis; leaflet blades ovate to narrowly lanceolate, 2--8 X 1--2 mm. Racemes capitate or lax, few- to many-flowered; peduncle (6--)10--20 cm, thick, erect, slightly to greatly longer than leaves; bracts ovate, 4--5 mm, with long trichomes, apex acute. Calyx cylindric, 9--10 mm, with white long trichomes; lobes lanceolate-linear, 2.5--5 mm. Corolla basally almost white and apically blue; standard 1.5--2 X 0.7--0.9 cm, lamina broadly ovate, apex rounded to emarginate; wings 1.5--1.7 cm; keel ca. 1.4 cm, beak 1.5--2.5 mm. Legume stipitate; body ovoid-oblong, leathery, with white long trichomes. Fl. May, fr. Aug.
* Hillsides, roadsides, grasslands; 800--2000 m. Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Shaanxi, Shanxi.
14. Oxytropis bicolor Bunge, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 2: 91. 1835.
地角儿苗 di jiao er miao
Oxytropis angustifolia Ulbrich; O. bicolor f. luteola (C. W. Chang) X. Y. Zhu & H. Ohashi; O. bicolor Bunge var. luteola C. W. Chang; O. uralensis Franchet (1883) not (Linnaeus) Candolle (1802).
Herbs, 5--20 cm tall, acaulescent, from a simple or multi-headed caudex, with appressed yellowish or glandular trichomes. Stipules narrowly triangular, ca. 1.8 X 0.3 cm, membranous, villous, basally connate. Leaves 3--20 cm; rachis with glands; leaflets at least some verticillate, in 3--10 whorls per leaf or with blades arranged on opposite sides of rachis; leaflet blades linear, ovate, or triangular, 3--25 X 1--5 mm. Racemes dense to lax, (7--)10--25-flowered; peduncle 4--20 cm, mostly shorter than leaves, rather densely whitish villous; bracts triangular, 3--10 X 1--3 mm, whitish villous. Calyx cylindric, (10--)12--17 X 2--4 mm, with whitish and blackish trichomes; lobes subulate to triangular, (2--)3.5--7