Fabaceae Tribe Galegeae [Draft]

1. CHESNEYA Lindley ex Endlicher, Gen. Pl. (Endlicher) 1275. 1840.

雀儿豆属  que er dou shu

Zhu Xiangyun[1] (朱相云), Kai Larsen

Spongiocarpella Yakovlev & N. Ulziykhutag.

Plants, perennial. Root stout, woody. Stem lignified, short. Leaves imparipinnate, rarely 3 leaflets; leaflets entire; stipules herbaceous, adnate to base of leaflets. Flowers solitary, axillary, rarely a raceme with 1–4 flowers; peduncle with nodes growing one bract. Calyx with 2 bracts at base; tube tubular, gibbous on one side at base, 5-lobed, 2 upper lobes connate, 3 lower lobes free, with brown glands at apex. Corolla yellow or purple; standard suborbicular or oblong, lower surface with dense short appressed hairs, ± longer than wings or keel. Stamens diadelphous; anthers uniform. Ovary sessile; stigma capitate, papillary. Pod oblong to linear, 1-loculed; seeds reniform. Basic chromosome number x=8.

A genus of 21 species: Mediterranean Region, Central and West Asia; seven species and one subspecies in China (two endemic).

Chesneya dshungarica Golosk. (1957) was recorded from Xinjiang, but no specimens were available to us.

1a.     Stipules deciduous; plants not cushionlike, with dense whitish appressed hairs; leaflets obovate or obovate-elliptic, apex rounded, emarginate, or truncate; pod 4–6 cm.

2a.    Racemes 1–4-flowered; mature pod glabrous ...............................................  1. C. cuneata

2b.    Flowers solitary; mature pod with dense appressed hairs.

3a.     Leaflets 5–7 Χ 3–5 mm; pedicels ca. as long as or slightly longer than leaves; pod 35–50 Χ 4–5 mm      2. C. crassipes

3b.     Leaflets 7–15 Χ 4–10 mm; pedicels ca. as long as or shorter than leaves; pod 50–60 Χ 9–10 mm           3. C. acaulis

1b.     Stipules persistent; plants cushionlike, with spreading whitish appressed hairs or glabrous; leaflets obovate, elliptic, or suborbicular, apex acute or subrounded; pod shorter than 3 cm.

4a.    Persistent stipules not becoming spines, darkened when dry, incurved or straight, leaflets without hard spine at apex.

5a.     Leaflets 19–41, glabrous, base conspicuously oblique ......................  4. C. polystichoides

5b.     Leaflets 15–21, both surfaces with dense spreading appressed hairs, base rounded or slightly so            5. C. nubigena

4b.    Persistent stipules becoming spines; leaflets with hard spine at apex.

6a.     Corolla purple; bracteoles linear, ca. 8 mm; leaflets 3 or 4 pairs, both surfaces with whitish silky appressed hairs ..................................................................................................  6. C. macrantha

6b.     Corolla yellow; bracteoles awl-shaped, shorter than 1 mm; leaflets 4–6 pairs, with whitish spreading short appressed hairs .......................................................................................  7. C. spinosa

1. Chesneya cuneata (Bentham) Ali, Scientist (Karachi) 3: 3. 1959.

截叶雀儿豆  jie ye que er dou

Gueldenstaedtia cuneata Bentham in Royle, Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. 200. 1835; Calophaca cuneata (Bentham) Komarov, without basionym reference; Caragana cuneata (Bentham) Baker (1876), not Moench (1794).

Stems 10–15 cm tall, with many branches. Leaves imparipinnate, 2–10 cm, leaflets 2–8 pairs; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 5–6 mm, adnate to petiole until 1/2 part, axis and petioles with dense spreading long hairs or short appressed hairs; leaflets obovate or obovate-oblong, 4–16 Χ 2–4 mm, both surfaces with dense spreading long or short appressed hairs, base rounded, apex rounded, cuneate, or emarginate. Racemes umbellate, 1–4-flowered; peduncles 3–10 mm, with dense white appressed hairs; pedicels 2–4 mm. Calyx tubular, 15–17 mm, gibbous at base, inflated on one side; teeth lanceolate, shorter than tube, with black glands at apex. Corolla purple; standard 20–30 mm, with short appressed hairs at back; wings 18–28 mm; keel slightly shorter than wings. Pod linear, 4–6 cm Χ 8–10 mm, glabrous when mature. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.

Dry slopes on hills, gravel, between stones; 3300–4300 m. Xinjiang, Xizang [India, Kashmir, Pakistan].

2. Chesneya crassipes Borissova, Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 3: 207. 1936.

长梗雀儿豆  chang geng que er dou

Plants, cushionlike. Stems woody at base, with branches. Leaves imparipinnate, 3–8 cm, leaflets 5 or 6 pairs; stipules lanceolate, 6–7 mm, adnate to petiole up to 1/2 part, persistent; axis and petiole slender, with dense long hairs; leaflets dense, obovate-oblong, 5–7 Χ 3–5 mm, both surfaces with dense spreading long hairs, base rounded, apex emarginate or cuneate. Flowers solitary; pedicels 10–60 mm, with dense spreading white short hairs; bracts subulate; bracteoles almost same as bracts. Calyx tubular, 12–13 mm, with dense white short hairs, gibbous at base, inflated on one side; teeth lanceolate, slightly shorter than tube, with red-brown glands at apex. Corolla purple or orange-yellow with purple; standard 13–18 mm, lamina elliptic. Ovary sessile, glabrous. Pod linear, 3.5–4 cm Χ 4–5 mm, with dense appressed hairs. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.

On gravel; ca. 3800 m. Xizang [Pakistan, Tajikistan].

3.Chesneya acaulis (Baker) Popov, Bjull. Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ. 15(2, Suppl.): 10. 1927.

无茎雀儿豆  wu jing que er dou

Caragana acaulis Baker, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 44 1881; Calophaca acaulis (Baker) Komarov, without basionym reference.

Plants, perennial, cushionlike. Stems woody at base, 3–8 cm tall. Leaves imparipinnate, 4–8 cm; leaflets 6–8 pairs; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 5–6 mm, adnate to petiole up to 1/2 part; axis and petiole with dense white appressed hairs; leaflets obovate or obovate-oblong, 7–15 Χ 4–10 mm, both surfaces with dense white appressed hairs, base subrounded, apex emarginate, rarely cuneate. Flowers solitary; pedicels 3–4 cm, slightly shorter or ca. as long as leaves, with white short appressed hairs; bracts subulate; bracteoles ca. as long as bracts. Calyx tubular, 12–13 mm, with dense white short hairs, gibbous at base, inflated on one side; teeth lanceolate, slightly shorter than tube, with red-brown glands at apex. Corolla purple or orange-yellow; standard 13–18 mm, lamina elliptical, with dense white short hairs on back side. Ovary sessile, glabrous. Pod linear, 50–60 Χ 9–10 mm, with dense appressed hairs. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.

On gravel; 2900–3000 m. Xizang [Afghanistan, Pakistan].

4. Chesneya polystichoides (Handel-Mazzetti) Ali, Scientist (Karachi) 3: 10. 1959.

川滇雀儿豆 chuan dian que er dou

Calophaca polystichoides Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 552. 1933; Spongiocarpella polystichoides (Handel-Mazzetti) Yakovlev.

Plants, cushionlike. Stems woody at base, prostrate, ca. 25 mm in diam., with branches, bark red-brown, with dense persistent petioles and stipules. Leaves 3–14 cm; leaflets 9–20 pairs; stipules linear, ca. 15 mm, adnate to petiole to middle part, rarely with short white hairs; axis and petiole rarely with long hairs, incurved after drying, persistent; leaflets dense, sessile, abaxially gray-white, adaxially dark green, oblong, ovate, or nearly orbicular, 3–11 Χ 2–6 mm, both surfaces with hairs, base conspicuously oblique, apex rounded, seldomly truncate or emarginate. Flowers solitary; pedicels 10–20 mm, with spreading white long hairs; bracts linear; bracteoles slightly shorter than bracts. Calyx tubular, 12–15 Χ 5–7 mm, rarely with long hairs, gibbous at base, inflated on one side; teeth triangular-lanceolate, ca. 1/2 as long as tube. Corolla yellow; standard 20–22 mm, lamina oblong, with dense white short hairs on back side; keel 15–17 mm, auriculate, ca. as long as wings. Ovary sessile, glabrous. Pod narrowly elliptical, 25–35 Χ ca. 8 mm, leathery, slightly applanate, glabrous. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.

* Slopes, on rocks, meadows; 3400–4400 m. Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan.

5. Chesneya nubigena (D. Don) Ali, Scientist (Karachi) 3: 4. 1959.

云雾雀儿豆  yun wu que er dou

Plants, cushionlike. Stems woody at base, with branches, with persistent petioles and stipules. Leaves 3–15 cm, leaflets 7–10 pairs; stipules linear, ca. 10 mm, adnate to petiole to 1/2 part, upper part rounded or 2- or 3-lobed, with dense long hairs; axis and petiole with dense spreading long hairs, incurved or erect after dry, persistent; leaflets dense, oblong, 3–8 Χ 1–4 mm, both surfaces with dense spreading long hairs, base rounded or slightly oblique, apex acute. Flowers solitary; pedicels 10–40 mm, with dense spreading white long hairs; bracts linear, ca. 10 mm; bracteoles slightly shorter than bracts. Calyx tubular, 10–15 mm, rarely with long hairs, gibbous at base, inflated on one side; teeth lanceolate, ca. 1/2 as long as tube. Corolla yellow; standard 20–30 mm, lamina broadly ovate or suborbicular, with dense white short hairs on back side, apex emarginate; wings 18–28 mm; keel ca. as long as wings, without auricles. Ovary sessile, with dense white long hairs. Pod narrowly elliptical, 20–30 Χ 7–8 mm, rarely with long white appressed hairs, slightly applanate, leathery. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.

Rocky alpine slopes, within shrubs, slopes, meadows, in gravel; 3600–5300 m. Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Nepal].

1a.. Flowers yellow; plants 11–16 cm; leaflets 4–8 Χ 2–4 mm, with a few persistent petioles  5a. C. nubigena subsp. nubigena

1b.. Flowers purple; plants 3.5–6 cm; leaflets 3–5 Χ 1–2 mm, with many persistent petioles  5b. C. nubigena subsp. purpurea

5a. Chesneya nubigena subsp. nubigena

云雾雀儿豆(原亚种)  yun wu que er dou (yuan ya zhong)

Astragalus nubigenus D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 245. 1825; A. crassicaulis Graham, nom. nud., Calophaca crassicaulis (Bentham ex Baker) Komarov, without basionym reference; Caragana crassicaulis Bentham ex Baker; Chesneya intermedia (Yakovlev) Z. G. Qian; C. paucifoliolata (Yakovlev & Ulzijchutag) Z. G. Qian; C. yunnanensis (Yakovlev & Ulzijchutag) Z. G. Qian; Spongiocarpella intermedia Yakovlev; S. nubigena (D. Don) Yakovlev; S. nubigena subsp. kumaoensisYakovlev [“kumaoλnsis”]; S. paucifoliolata Yakovlev; S. yunnanensis Yakovlev.

Plants tall, 11–16 cm. Leaflets large, 4–8 Χ 2–4 mm, with a few persistent petioles. Flowers yellow. Fl. Jul–Aug, fr. Aug–Sep.

Rocky alpine slopes, within shrubs, slopes, meadows; 3600–5300 m. Xizang, Yunnan [India, Nepal].

5b. Chesneya nubigena subsp. purpurea (P. C. Li) X. Y. Zhu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 34: 561. 1996.

紫花雀儿豆  zi hua que er dou

Chesneya purpurea P. C. Li, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 19(2): 236. 1981; Spongiocarpella purpurea (P. C. Li) Yakovlev.

Plants small, 3.5–6 cm. Leaflets small, 3–5 Χ 1–2 mm, with many persistent petioles. Flowers purple. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.

Within shrubs, hilly slopes, meadows, and in gravel; 4700–5200 m. Xizang [Bhutan].

6. Chesneya macrantha S. H. Cheng ex H. C. Fu, Fl. Intramongolica 3: 291 [180??]. 1977 [‘1978”].

大花雀儿豆  da hua que er dou

Oxytropis grubovii N. Ulziykhutag, Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow) 56: 1149. 1971; Chesneya potaninii (N. Ulziykhutag) Govaerts; Spongiocarpella grubovii (N. Ulziykhutag) Yakovlev; S. potaninii Yakovlev.

Plants, cushionlike. Stems shortened, 5–10 cm tall. Leaves 2–4 cm; leaflets 3 or 4 pairs; stipules ovate, ca. 4 mm, submembranous, adnate to petiole to 1/2 part, persistent, with dense white long appressed hairs; axis and petiole rarely with spreading white long hairs, persistent and forming spines at apex; leaflets elliptic or obovate, 5–6 Χ ca. 3 mm, both surfaces with white silky short appressed hairs, base cuneate, apex acute or spinelike. Flowers solitary; pedicels 4–5 mm; bracts linear, ca. 8 mm; bracteoles like bracts. Calyx tubular, ca. 15 mm, with dense long hairs and dark brown glands, gibbous at base, inflated on one side; teeth linear, almost as long as tube, with glands at apex. Corolla purple; standard ca. 25 mm, lamina oblong, with dense short hairs on back side; wings ca. 20 mm; keel shorter than wings. Ovary sessile, with dense hairs. Pod unknown. Fl. Jun, fr. Jul.

Dry slopes. Nei Mongol, Xinjiang [Mongolia].

7. Chesneya spinosa P. C. Li, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 19(2): 236. 1981.

刺柄雀儿豆  ci bing que er dou

Spongiocarpella spinosa (P. C. Li) Yakovlev.

Plants, cushionlike. Stems short, 4–6 cm tall, woody at base, with branches, with dense persistent spinelike petioles and stipules. Leaves 2–2.5 cm; leaflets 4–6 pairs; stipules ovate, 2–3 mm, papery, adnate to petiole to 1/2 part, glabrous, rarely with short white hairs; axis and petiole rarely with long hairs, persistent and forming spines; leaflets narrowly oblong, 3–5 Χ ca. 1.5 mm, both surfaces with dense white short hairs when young, becoming glabrous, base rounded or slightly oblique, apex acute, rounded, or truncate, with short spines. Flowers solitary; pedicels shorter than leaves; bracts lanceolate, ca. 1.5 mm; bracteoles awl-shaped, shorter than 1 mm. Calyx tubular, 14–16 mm, rarely with white short hairs and brown glands, gibbous at base, inflated on one side; teeth lanceolate, with glands and hard acute at apex. Corolla yellow; standard 24–26 mm, lamina suborbicular, with dense white short hairs on back side; wings 23–25 mm; claw slightly longer than lamina; keel 19–21 mm. Ovary sessile, with dense white short hairs. Pod oblong, 20–25 Χ 4–5 mm, rarely with long white hairs. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.

* On gravel slopes of hills; 3900–4200 m. Xizang.

2. CHESNIELLA Borissova, Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1964: 182. 1964.

旱雀豆属  han que er dou

Zhu Xiangyun (朱相云), Kai Larsen

Chesneya Lindley ex Endlicher Sect. Microcarpon Borissova.

Plants perennial. Root stout, woody. Stem prostrate, slender, base woody. Leaves imparipinnate; leaflets 2–5 pairs, entire; stipules membranous, separate from petiole. Flowers solitary, axillary. Corolla pale yellow, pink, or purple; standard orbicular, lower surface with dense short appressed hairs, ± equal to wings or keel. Stamens diadelphous. Ovary sessile; stigma capicate, papillary. Pod ovoid or oblong; seeds cylindric-reniform. Basic chromosome number x=8.

Six species: C Asia and NW China; two species in China [one endemic].

1a.     Leaflets 2 or 3 pairs, obovate, adaxially rarely with hairs, abaxially with dense white long appressed hairs; corolla purple ..............................................................................................  1. C. mongolica

1b.     Leaflets 3–5 pairs, obovate-lanceolate, both surfaces with dense spreading white short hairs; corolla pink       2. C. ferganensis

1. Chesniella mongolica (Maximowicz) Borissova, Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1964: 184. 1964.

蒙古旱雀豆 meng gu han que er dou

Chesneya mongolica Maximowicz, Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pιtersbourg, Sιr. 3, 27: 462. 1881.

Stems caespitose, prostrate, 15–25 cm, slender, with dense white long appressed hairs. Leaves 15–20 mm; leaflets 2 or 3 pairs; axis and petiole with dense white long appressed hairs; stipules separate from petiole, subulate, ca. 2 mm, with dense white long hairs, with dense white glands at apex; leaflets obovate, 6–8 Χ 5–6 mm, abaxially with dense white long appressed hairs, adaxially with dense venice-blue glands and rarely with hairs, base cuneate, apex blunt, [with brown acute??]. Flowers solitary; pedicel 5–7 mm, with dense white hairs; bracts ca. 0.5 mm; bracteoles same shape as bracts, with glands at apex. Calyx tubular, ca. 7 mm, with dense white hairs, gibbous at base, inflated on one side; teeth lanceolate, slightly shorter than tube, upper 2 lobes almost connate, with brown glands at apex. Corolla purple; standard ca. 13 mm, lamina broadly orbicular, with dense white short hairs on back side; wings and keel ca. as long as standard. Ovary sessile, with dense white long hairs. Pod oblong, ca. 13 Χ 2 mm, slightly inflated, with dense white short hairs. Fl. Aug, fr. Aug.

* On gravel. Nei Mongol.

2. Chesniella ferganensis (Korsh.) Boriss., Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 183-184. 1964.

甘肃旱雀豆  gan su han que dou

Chesneya ferganensis Korsh., Zap. Imp. Akad. Nauk Fiz.-Mat. Otd., Ser. 8, 4(4): 90. 1896; C. gansuensis Y. X. Liou; C. grubovii Yakovlev; Chesniella gansuensis (Y. X. Liou) P. C. Li.

Stems prostrate, 10–20 cm, with many branches, with dense spreading short hairs. Leaves 10–30 mm, leaflets 3–5 pairs; axis and petiole slender, with dense spreading short hairs; stipules separate from petioles, ovate, ca. 2 mm, with dense short hairs, with dark brown glands at apex; leaflets obovate-lanceolate, 7–9 Χ 3–4 mm, with dense spreading white short hairs, base rounded, apex rounded, emarginate, or truncate, [with small acute??]. Flowers solitary; pedicel 8–10 mm, slender, with dense spreading short hairs; bracts ca. 1 mm; bracteoles same shape as bracts. Calyx campanulate, ca. 7 mm, rarely with short hairs; teeth linear, longer than tube, with dark brown glands at apex, upper 2 lobes almost connate. Corolla pink; standard 9–10 mm, lamina orbicular, with dense short hairs on back side, apex emarginate, claw ca. 1 mm; wings 10–11 mm, claw ca. as long as lamina, ca. 1 mm; keel slightly shorter than wings, shortly clawed, without auricles. Ovary sessile, with dense short hairs. Pod narrowly oblong, 18–20 Χ ca. 5 mm, slightly inflated, with dense spreading long hairs. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.

Dry slopes; ca. 1800 m. Gansu [Mongolia].

3. CALOPHACA Fischer ex de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 270. 1825.

丽豆属 li dou shu

Zhu Xiangyun (朱相云), Kai Larsen

Shrubs or subshrubs. Leaves imparipinnate; leaflets 2–13 pairs, leathery, entire, without stipels; stipules large, lanceolate or broadly lanceolate, membranous or herbaceous, adnate to base of petiole. Raceme 4- or more flowered; bracts and bractlets rarely persistent. Calyx tubular, oblique on pedicel, 5-lobed, almost equal to or upper 2 lobes connate. Corolla yellow, large; standard ovate or suborbicular, erect, reflexed at margins; wings obovate-oblong or subfalcate; keel incurved, equal to wings, blunt at apex. Stamens diadelphous; anthers orbicular. Ovary sessile, with glandular hairs or pubescent; style filiform, glabrous at upper part, white long appressed pilose; stigma small. Pod cylindric or linear, pubescent or with glandular hairs, acute at apex, 1-loculed, pubescent or glabrous inside, 2-valved, with persistent calyx; seeds subreniform, without caruncle. Basic chromosome number x=8.

Five species: Russia to C Asia; three species in China [two endemic].

Calophaca tianschanica (B. Fedtsch.) Boiss. was recorded from Xinjiang, but no specimens were available to us.

1a.     Pod without glandular hairs ............................................................................  1. C. chinensis

1b.     Pod with glandular hairs.

2a.    Stipules 5–8 mm; peduncles with dense lanugo; calyx ca. 10 mm, with appressed sericeous hairs  2. C. soongorica

2b.    Stipules ca. 20 mm; peduncles with glandular and white long hairs; calyx 15–20 mm, with glandular and white long hairs .......................................................................................................  3. C. sinica

1. Calophaca chinensis Borissova, Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. USSR 21: 243. 1961.

华丽豆 hua li dou

Shrubs, small, 20–40 cm tall. Stems with many branches; bark bright, glabrous, with pale yellow grains; young branches with dense short hairs, pale brown. Leaves 2–4 cm, leaflets 2–5 pairs; stipules connate at base, brown, linear, 4–5 mm, with dense short hairs, apex acuminate; leaflets gray-white, orbicular or ovate, 4–9 Χ 3–6 mm, leathery, both surfaces with dense appressed hairs, veins conspicuous, base rounded, apex shortly acute. Inflorescences subcapitate, 4- or 5-flowered; peduncles hard, 3–4 cm, with dense spreading long hairs; bracts 2–4 mm, base triangular, apex acuminate; bracteoles 2, ovate or oblong, 1–2 mm, abaxially with dense short hairs, early deciduous. Flowers ca. 20 mm; pedicels 1–2 mm, with dense hairs. Calyx broadly campanulate, 7–9 mm, with short white hairs, slightly gibbous at base; teeth triangular-lanceolate, 1/3–1/2 as long as tube, both sides with dense hairs. Corolla yellow; standard ca. 20 mm, outside with dense hairs; lamina orbicular, ca. 15 mm wide, apex emarginate, base broadly cuneate, claw ca. 4 mm; wings ca. 18 mm, lamina ca. 14 Χ 5 mm, outside rarely with white hairs, enlarged at apex, truncate or obtuse, with edges, narrowed at base; auricles ca. 1.5 mm, claw ca. 5 mm, incurved; keel ca. as long as wings, outside rarely with white long hairs, lamina ca. 6 mm wide, truncate at apex; auricles short and blunt, claw ca. 7 Χ 2 mm. Stamens diadelphous, 15–18 mm; anthers orbicular, ca. 0.5 mm in diam. Ovary oblong, with appressed white hairs; style with semi-appressed hairs, glabrous at apex. Pod 15–18 Χ ca. 5 mm wide in upper part, with dense white short hairs, with beak at apex; seeds olive-green, elliptical-reniform, ca. 3 Χ 2 mm, glabrous, smooth. Fl. Jul–Aug, fr. Aug.

* Sunny slopes; meadows within Spiraea, Artemisia, and Poa; 900–1400 m. Xinjiang.

2. Calophaca soongorica Karelin & Kirilov, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 14(3): 401. 1841.

新疆丽豆 xin jiang li dou

Calophaca hovenii Schrenk.

Shrubs or small shrubs, 20–100 cm tall. Stems with many branches; bark pale gray-yellow, glabrous, dehiscent; young branches pale brown, sericeous or with lanugo. Leaves 3–7 cm, leaflets 3–5 pairs, axis and petiole rarely with short hairs; stipules pale brown, linear-lanceolate, 5–8 mm, membranous, rarely with short hairs; leaflets blue-gray with ceraceous layer, orbicular or narrowly orbicular-elliptical, 4–14 Χ 4–10 mm, both surfaces with veins protruding, rarely with appressed short hairs, base rounded, apex blunt, [with small acute??]. Inflorescences 5–8-flowered; peduncles hard, 7–10 cm, with dense lanugo. Flowers ca. 25 mm; pedicels 2–4 mm; bracteoles 2, pale brown, triangular, 2–3 mm, with dense silky appressed hairs. Calyx campanulate, ca. 10 mm, outside rarely with dense silky hairs, inside rarely with silky appressed hairs, base oblique; teeth triangular-lanceolate or triangular, ca. 1/2 as long as calyx. Corolla yellow, pale brown when dry; standard 20–25 mm, outside with dense short hairs, lamina orbicular, shortly clawed, apex emarginate; wings slightly shorter than wings, lamina oblong; keel shorter than wings. Pod narrowly cylindric, 20–30 Χ 6–8 mm, with acute hard glandular appressed hairs, with short hairs on back side, segments disciform; seeds dark brown, reniform, 3–6 Χ 2–4 mm, glabrous, smooth. Fl. Jul–Aug, fr. Jul–Aug.

Sunny slopes in valleys, among shrubs; 1300–1400 m. Xinjiang [C Asia - list countries??].

3. Calophaca sinica Rehder, J. Arnold Arbor. 14: 210. 1933.

丽豆  li dou

Shrubs, small, 20–40 cm tall. Stems many branched; bark bright, glabrous, with pale yellow grains; young branches with dense short hairs, pale brown or caesious[??]. Leaves 2–9 cm, leaflets 2–5 pairs; stipules connate at base, brown, linear, ca. 20 mm, with dense short hairs, apex acuminate; leaflets gray-white, orbicular or ovate, 10–25 Χ 7–18 mm, leathery, both surfaces with dense appressed hairs, veins conspicuous, base rounded, apex shortly acute. Inflorescences subcapitate, 4- or 5-flowered; peduncles hard, 5–12 cm, with dense spreading long hairs; bracts 2–4 mm, base triangular, apex acuminate; bracteoles 2, ovate, linear, or oblong, ca. 5 mm, abaxially with dense short hairs, early deciduous. Flowers ca. 25 mm; pedicels 3–6 mm, with dense hairs. Calyx broadly campanulate, 15–20 mm, with short white hairs, slightly gibbous at base; teeth triangular-lanceolate, 1/3–1/2 as long as tube, both sides with dense hairs. Corolla yellow; standard ca. 25 mm, outside with dense hairs, lamina orbicular, ca. 15 mm wide, apex emarginate, base broadly cuneate, claw ca. 4 mm; wings ca. 22 mm, lamina ca. 14 Χ 5 mm, outside rarely with white hairs, enlarged at apex, truncate or obtuse, with edges, narrowed at base; auricles ca. 1.5 mm, claw ca. 5 mm, incurved; keel ca. as long as wings, outside rarely with long white hairs, lamina ca. 6 mm wide, truncate at apex; auricules short and blunt, claw ca. 7 Χ ca. 2 mm. Stamens diadelphous, 15–18 mm; anthers orbicular, ca. 0.5 mm in diam. Ovary oblong, with white appressed hairs; style with semi-appressed hairs, glabrous at apex. Pod 15–45 Χ ca. 9 mm wide in upper part, with dense white short hairs, and with glandular hairs, with beak at apex; seeds olive-green, elliptical-reniform, ca. 3 Χ 2 mm, glabrous, smooth. Fl. May–Jun, fr. Jun–Aug.

* Northern valley slopes, among shrubs, dunes of loess; 900–1800 m. Nei Mongol, Shanxi.

4. HALIMODENDRON Fischer ex A. de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 269. 1825.

铃铛刺属  ling dang ci shu

Zhu Xiangyun (朱相云), Kai Larsen

Shrubs, deciduous. Leaves paripinnate; rachis extending into spine after leaflets have fallen; stipules persistent, and then becoming spines. Raceme growing on reproductive wings, few flowered; peduncle long, slender. Calyx campanulate, base oblique, 5-lobed; teeth very short. Corolla pale purple or purple-red; standard suborbicular, slightly reflexed at margins; wings clawed, claw equal to auricle; keel semi-circular, blunt at apex, slightly incurved. Stamens diadelphous. Ovary funiculate, inflated; style incurved; stigma small. Pod inflated, valve thick. Basic chromosome number x=8.

One species: Europe and Turkey to Central Asia and China.

1. Halimodendron halodendron (Pallas) Voss in Vilmorin, Blumengδrtnerei, ed. 3, 2(2): 215. 1896.

铃铛刺 ling dang ci

Robinia halodendron Pallas, Reise Russ. Reich. 2: 741. 1773 [1770??]; Caragana argenta  Lamarck; Halimondendron argenteum (Lamarck) de Candolle; H. argenteum var. albiflora Karelin & Kirilov; H. halodendron var. albiflorum (Karelin & Kirilov) Prjachin.

Shrubs, 0.5–2 m tall. Bark dark gray-brown, with many branches, with vegetative and reproductive branches, reproductive branches brown to gray-yellow, sulcate, glabrous, young branches with dense white appressed hairs. Axis persistent, spine-shaped; petiole very short; leaflets oblanceolate, 1.2–3 cm Χ 6–10 mm, with dense silver-white hairs at first, then glabrous, base cuneate, apex rounded or emarginate, [with acute??]. Racemes 2–5-flowered; pedicels 1.5–3 cm, with dense long silky appressed hairs. Pedicels 5–7 mm, slender; flowers purple or white, 1–1.6 cm; bracteoles subulate, ca. 1 mm. Calyx 5–6 mm, with dense appressed hairs, base oblique, 5-lobed; teeth triangular. Standard slightly reflexed at margins, ca. as long as wings; wings slightly longer than keel. Ovary glabrous, long funiculate. Pod applanate, dorsal and ventral line impressed, 1.5–2.5 Χ 0.5–1.2 cm, without septa, with a short beak; seeds reniform. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.

Salinized sands, saline soils along rivers, forests. Gansu, Nei Mongol, Xinjiang [Mongolia, Russia].

 

 



[1] Chinese National Herbarium, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, People's Republic of China